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Biomedical subjects

T Yoshiki

Publications and source records attributed to T Yoshiki.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Molecular analysis of a HTLV-IpX defective human adult T-cell leukemia.

Fresh and cultured leukemia cells from an adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patient which possessed gag and env gene defective human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) provirus genome were molecularly analyzed. Cells from both fresh and the established cell line, named KB-1 showed identical surface markers of helper T cells, expressed the interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor and had an identical defective HTLV-I provirus genome with deletions of the gag and env genes involving pX gene exon 2. The KB-1 cells grew vigorously in vitro, even in the absence of IL-2 and the culture supernatant of KB-1 contained a large amount of IL-2. Neither pX mRNA nor p40(TAX) protein was detected in the KB-1 cells. The collective evidence suggests that the pX gene was not functioning in this particular ATL case. The biological function of the HTLV-I genes, especially the pX gene is discussed in relation to the early and late leukemogenesis of ATL.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1992

Altered distribution of 1-2B7B antigen in basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease.

Skin lesions of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and Bowen's disease were immunohistochemically examined using the 1-2B7B monoclonal antibody, which recognizes a 120 kDa polypeptide component found in hemidesmosomes of normal human epidermis and hemidesmosome-like adhesion junction of vascular endothelial cells, to disclose altered characteristics of the interface between the tumor cell aggregate and stromal tissues of the epidermal neoplasms. In BCC, 1-2B7B antigen was rarely expressed at the tumor cell aggregate-stromal tissue interface, where poorly developed hemidesmosometonofibril complexes and a normal-looking lamina densa were detectable. In SCC and Bowen's disease, 1-2B7B antigen was expressed not only along the interface of the tumor nest and stromal tissue, but also in the intercellular space of the desmosomes and other adhesion junction structures that lack associating tonofibrils. In the invading front of SCC, 1-2B7B antigen had partly disappeared from the tumor cell aggregate-stromal tissue interface, where neither hemidesmosomes nor lamina densa were noted. The altered distribution of this hemidesmosomal component in the epidermal neoplasms seems to reflect aberrant interaction of neoplasmic cells and surrounding stromal tissue.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Accelerated rejection of allografted rat liver perfused with anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody.

Infusion of mouse anti-rat ICAM-1 into the portal vein of ACI rat liver graft before transplantation resulted in accelerated rejection by LEW recipients (2.9 +/- 2.5 days), when compared to the ACI liver grafts perfused with either Lactate-Ringer's solution (9.8 +/- 1.3) or anti-human ICAM-1 mAb (9.8 +/- 3.1). Histologic features of anti-rat ICAM-1 perfused grafts were spotty ischemic necrosis, whereas those of control grafts were marked cellular infiltration. These combined survival and histologic data suggest that the accelerated rejection may be mediated by vascular deterioration.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Lamina densa malformation involved in histogenesis of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis.

Skin lesions of lichenoid amyloidosis and macular amyloidosis were immunohistochemically investigated using five monoclonal antibodies against basement membrane zone (BMZ) components. A hemidesmosomal component did not contribute to amyloid deposits, but components of the lamina densa and anchoring fibrils were associated with amyloid deposits in the uppermost dermis. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that these BMZ components were not only aggregated in the BMZ and dermis, but were also involved in the individual amyloid islets. The lamina densa was disrupted in the interface areas just above the amyloid deposits, where cytoplasm of the basal cells directly faced the aggregate of amyloid filaments. Aggregates of some BMZ components were continuous to the amyloid islets from the lamina densa area. These findings suggest that a lamina densa malformation is involved in amyloid production in the interface of the BMZ, and support the secretion theory rather than the fibrillar body theory of amyloidogenesis in these types of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1992

Carcinosarcoma of the prostate.

A very rare case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate is reported. The patient was a 77-year-old man in whom both primary and metastatic tumors presented the pathology of carcinosarcoma of the prostate. The carcinosarcoma was resistant to anti-androgen therapy, and the patient showed low level of serum prostatic acid phosphatase and was free from bony metastases despite multiple metastases to the lung, liver, pancreas, para-aortic lymph nodes, spleen and penis. The sarcomatous component consisted of chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma, both of which were positive for vimentin. The carcinomatous component was positive for both keratin and prostatic acid phosphatase.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

Intra-pancreatic, extra-tumoral perineural invasion (nex). An indicator for the presence of retroperitoneal neural plexus invasion by pancreas carcinoma.

A histopathologic study of 65 resected malignant lesions of the pancreas was done to search for a histologic predictor for the presence of extra-pancreatic neural plexus involvement by carcinoma cells. Extra-pancreatic neural plexus invasion by pancreas carcinoma cells, plx(+), was detected in 28 of 65 cases (43%). plx(+) was not significantly associated with tumor location, tumor size, histologic type, or lymph vessel invasion (ly) by carcinoma cells but was significantly associated with rpe. Plx(+) was also significantly associated with mixed moderate and severe degrees of intra-pancreatic neural invasion (ne2/ne3 group), but not with mixed no and slight degrees (ne0/ne1 group). However, fourteen plx(+) cases were excluded in the ne2/ne3 group; they were found in the ne1 group. Therefore, ne factors appear to have a certain but limited usefulness for the prediction of plx(+). When a perineural invasion by tumor cells was found within the pancreas but outside of the major mass of cancer, it was designated "intra-pancreatic, extra-tumoral perineural invasion (nex)". The presence of nex(+) was found in 37 cases, in which 24 out of the 28 plx(+) cases (85.7%) were included. A statistically significant association was found between plx(+) and nex(+). In particular, 12 out of the 14 plx- positive ne1 cases were nex(+). In ne1 cases, 33.3% (14/42) were plx(+), whereas in ne1 and nex(+) cases, 60% (12/20) were plx(+). There was a statistical significance between these two figures (p less than 0.05). Thus, nex(+) appears to be a useful indicator for plx(+), particularly in ne1 cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis producing alpha-fetoprotein of hepatic type and bile pigment.

A right renal pelvic mass in a 72-year-old man was resected. The histologic appearance of the tumor was a mixture of tubular adenocarcinoma cells and hepatoid neoplastic cells, and there was a resemblance to hepatoid adenocarcinoma. The intraoperative level of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was calculated to be 2246 ng/ml, and the postoperative level ranges from 183.6 to 285.6 ng/ml. Lectin binding assays showed that the serum AFP was the hepatic carcinoma type. In a hepatoid portion, an iron-negative, brown to green pigment was positive for bile. Alpha-fetoprotein was immunohistochemically evident in the neoplastic cells. In addition to the hepatic differentiation, the tumor had differentiated into intestinal absorptive or pancreatobiliary tract cells, as deduced from the frequent presence of spicular bodies, a unique light microscopic feature equivalent to microvilli with an actin core. The hepatoid adenocarcinoma is a distinct type of AFP-producing carcinoma present in the organs with epithelium of endodermal origin. Hepatoid adenocarcinoma in the renal pelvis may arise from a metaplasia of neoplastic mesonephric cells into endodermal cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Priming for in vitro and in vivo anti-human T lymphotropic virus type 1 cellular immunity by virus-related protein reconstituted into liposome.

In vitro and in vivo anti-human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) cellular immunity was examined by immunizing rats with a truncated hybrid protein (228 amino acids) of gag and env of HTLV-1 produced by Escherichia coli. Animals were immunized with the hybrid protein reconstituted into mannan-derivative-coated liposomes (gag-env-lipo). In vitro sensitization with a HTLV-1-positive cell line, TARS-1, of spleen cells obtained from these animals generated killer cells specific for syngeneic HTLV-1-positive cells. No killer activity was generated when spleen cells were obtained from animals immunized with the hybrid protein alone, the liposome alone, or the hybrid protein reconstituted into conventional liposomes with no polysaccharide coating. Killer cells were CD8+ CTL restricted to MHC class I. Analysis of CD8+ and CD4+ subsets in spleens showed the existence of primed CD8+ T cells in animals immunized with gag-env-lipo. Rats immunized with gag-env-lipo displayed accelerated rejection of TARS-1 but not of two other HTLV-1-negative tumor lines. Injection of carrageenan into animals strongly inhibited generation of killer cells, which indicates the necessity of macrophages for priming of CD8+ T cells with gag-env-lipo. Injection of carrageenan also cancelled in vivo immunity against HTLV-1+ cells induced with gag-env-lipo. These results, taken together, indicate that exogenous protein reconstituted into appropriate liposomes can effectively prime MHC class I restricted CD8+ T cells in vivo with macrophage dependency.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

1-2B7B: monoclonal antibody reacting to the 120 kDa polypeptide component of human epidermal hemidesmosomes.

Immunohistochemical and immunochemical analyses were performed on a monoclonal antibody designated 1-2B7B which was derived from immunizing mice with human prostate epithelial tissue. The 1-2B7B antigen was expressed not only along the acinous basement membrane zone (BMZ) of the prostate and testis, but also along the BMZ of the epithelia of several other organs including the skin, oesophagus, urinary bladder, ureter, stomach, intestine and bile duct. The antigenic epitope was not expressed in these tissues of lower mammals. Immunoelectron microscopic studies on normal human skin revealed that the 1-2B7B antigen was localized mainly just beneath the hemidesmosomes of basal keratinocytes, but not beneath melanocytes. Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopic studies on 1 M NaCl-split skin confirmed that this antigen was not separated from the cytoplasmic membrane of basal cells after salt treatment. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of immunochemically purified protein from the epidermis demonstrated the molecular weight of the antigen to be 120 kDa. 1-2B7B monoclonal antibody should be a useful probe for studying the pathomechanism of some blistering diseases, as well as the assembly and function of the epidermal-dermal junction.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Ectopic thyroid follicles in the submucosa of the duodenum.

Ectopic microscopic thyroid follicles were encountered fortuitously in the submucosa of the duodenum in a 63-year-old man undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic carcinoma. The follicles, filled with a colloid-like substance, were intermingled with Brunner's glands of the duodenum. There were no signs or symptoms of a thyroid tumour. The epithelial cells and colloid-like substance were both immunoreactive for thyroglobulin but no cells stained for calcitonin. The possibility of a metastatic origin for the follicles from an occult thyroid carcinoma was excluded by the clinical and histopathological findings. These ectopic thyroid follicles cannot be explained by developmental inclusions or metastasis and may be metaplastic in nature.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1991

Cytokine regulation of ICAM-1 expression on human renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro.

Regulation of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on human renal tubular epithelial cells in culture (hKEC-1) was investigated. A large proportion of hKEC-1 cells from the primary cultures expressed the ICAM-1 antigen. Supernatants from mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) of both specific and third-party combinations augmented the expression of the ICAM-1 antigen, in a dose-dependent manner. A kinetic study revealed maximal augmentation by MLR supernatant on the first day, with a gradual decrease thereafter. Among several recombinant human cytokines tested, i.e., interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 alpha and beta, and IL-4, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-1 alpha/beta were shown to augment the expression of ICAM-1. MLR supernatants and IFN-gamma were more effective in augmenting ICAM expression than TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha/beta. IFN-gamma upregulated ICAM-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, and maximal augmentation was achieved on the first day. The MLR supernatants were shown to contain IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, and the activity of the MLR supernatant was partially inhibited by neutralizing antibody against IFN-gamma. These data suggest that cytokines, especially IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-1 alpha/beta, released by T cells and antigen-presenting cells upon recognition of alloantigens upregulate ICAM-1 expression on renal tubular epithelial cells. This may result in an increase in the attachment of graft-infiltrating T cells to the renal tubular cells, by the ICAM-1-LFA-1 interaction.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

Mapping and transcriptional properties of RT1 class II region genes.

The class II region of major histocompatibility complex of the rat. Rattus norvegicus (RT1) consists of RT1.B, RT1.D, and RT1.H subregions. The gene order around the H subregion was determined as RT1.A--H beta-H alpha--B by RFLP analysis of naturally occurring intra-RT1 recombinant rats with HLA DP probes. A unique recombinant strain, LEJ, was found to have its recombinational site between H beta and H alpha (RT1.AuH beta uH alpha bBbDb). Northern analysis of class II mRNAs showed that transcripts of RT1.D alpha, RT1.D beta, and RT1.B alpha shared identical sizes among various strains of rats, but RT1.B beta mRNA showed allele-specific size heterogeneities. Northern hybridization with HLA DP alpha probes detected possible RT1.H alpha transcripts. On the other hand, no clear signal of H beta was observed. BDIX whose RT1.B products had not been identified was found to transcribe B alpha and B beta mRNAs.

Alleles↗
PubMed1991

Identification of ICAM-1-positive cells in the nongrafted and transplanted rat kidney--an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

Cellular localization of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in rat nongrafted intact kidneys and in transplanted kidneys was investigated using monoclonal anti-rat ICAM-1, 1A29. The major ICAM-1-positive cells in the nongrafted and isografted kidneys were endothelial cells in the large vessels and intertubular capillaries, as observed using light microscopy. A weak, but specific expression of ICAM-1 antigen was noted in the glomeruli, but the exact localization and cell type were not clearly discernible. In the allograft, the ICAM-1-positive cells found in the nongrafted and isografted kidneys also expressed ICAM-1 antigen. In addition, tubular epithelial cells at the luminal border and some infiltrating cells in the allograft expressed ICAM-1. In the allograft, some graft-infiltrating cells were shown to be lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1(LFA-1)-positive. As the nature of ICAM-1-positive cells in the infiltrates was unclear, we examined ICAM-1-positive cells using immunoelectron microscopy and the direct immunoperoxidase method. Glomerular endothelial cells, podocytes, and Bowman's capsular epithelial cells expressed ICAM-1 antigen in the nongrafted and transplanted kidneys. Among the infiltrating cells in the allograft, the major ICAM-1 positive cells were macrophagelike tissues, and some blastic lymphocytes also expressed ICAM-1. Only rarely did the proximal tubular cells express ICAM-1 antigen at the luminal surfaces in the intact kidney. In the allograft, the proximal, distal, and collecting ductular epithelial cells expressed ICAM-1 at the luminal surface, and in addition, the ICAM-1 antigen was also localized at the basal surfaces of some of the renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. The upregulated ICAM-1 expression in the allograft may accelerate graft rejection by augmenting adhesiveness of LFA-1-positive graft-infiltrating cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Granulomatous arteritis with massive eosinophilic leukocyte infiltration and transient peripheral eosinophilia subsequent to transarterial embolization therapy with a gelatin sponge.

A 38-year-old man presented with a cavernous hemangioma in the liver. Transarterial embolization (TAE) using a gelatin sponge was carried out 14 days prior to surgical resection of the tumor. Granulomatous arteritis with massive infiltration by eosinophilic leukocytes and histiocytes was present at the periphery of the hemangioma, and transient eosinophilia in the peripheral blood occurred six days after resection. Granulomatous arteritis was evident in medium-sized arteries and there was narrowing or occlusion of the vascular lumen. In the granulomatous cellular infiltrates in the arteries, giant cells of the foreign body type were numerous. An eosinophilic substance differing from fibrin was present in some of the vascular lumina. As this showed staining for collagen, it was considered likely to be fragments of the gelatin sponge. The patient had no symptoms of fever, chills or general fatigue. The clinical course and pathologic findings suggest a causative role of the gelatin sponge in this case of granulomatous arteritis. Vascular change, a rare complication of TAE therapy, may be induced by a hypersensitivity reaction against the intra-arterial gelatin sponge.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Primitive neuroectodermal tumor with Wilms' tumor. Case report].

Occurrence of embryonal kidney tumors in patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumors, so-called central nervous system-renal neoplasia has been reported. An infant who presented with masses in the right lateral ventricle and the cerebellar vermis is reported. Histological examination showed primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Further investigation revealed tumors in the bilateral kidneys, which were removed subtotally and pathologically shown to be Wilms' tumors. The patient was then treated with anticancer drugs and irradiation. However, he developed lung metastases from the renal tumors and expired. At autopsy, a small tumor was found in the inferior horn of the left lateral ventricle. Histological finding showed a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Also, bilateral large masses of recurrent Wilms' tumors, multiple metastases to the lungs and peritoneal dissemination were found. There is no evidence that this association is based on the selective neoplastic transformation of embryonal cells of similar histogenetic or cytogenetic origin. Several reports demonstrate the presence of embryonal cells in the nervous tissue which could imply a neuroepithelial origin for Wilms' tumors.

Brain Neoplasms↗