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Biomedical subjects

T Yoshihara

Publications and source records attributed to T Yoshihara.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Ultracytochemical localization of Ca2+-ATPase activity in the endolymphatic sac of the chick.

The localization of Ca2+-ATPase activity was examined ultracytochemically in the endolymphatic sac (ES) of the 1-day-old chick. The reaction products showing Ca2+-ATPase activity were localized along the microvilli and the apical cell membranes of the epithelial cells of the ES. The lateral cell membranes also showed mild activity. These reactions were completely abolished when either Ca2+ or ATP was omitted from the incubation medium. The results suggest that Ca2+-ATPase plays a significant role as a Ca2+ pump for regulation of the Ca2+ concentration in the endolymph of the ES.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Potato micro-tuber inducing hydroxylasiodiplodins from Lasiodiplodia theobromae.

Three hydroxylasiodiplodins were isolated from the mycelium extracts of Lasiodiplodia theobromae IFO 31059; and their structures were identified as (3R),(4S)-4-hydroxylasiodiplodin, (3R),(6R)-6-hydroxy-de-O-methyllasiodiplodin and (3R),(5R)-5-hydroxy-de-O-methyllasiodiplodin. All showed potato micro-tuber inducing activity.

Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring↗
PubMed2000

Effect of serial extraction alone on crowding: spontaneous changes in dentition after serial extraction.

We examined changes in dentition after serial extraction in subjects who wore no appliances to determine the relationships between changes in dentition and improvement in dental crowding. Mandibular dental casts and lateral cephalograms from 31 subjects who had undergone serial extraction without orthodontic treatment were analyzed at 3 stages: before extraction of the deciduous canines (T1), after extraction of first premolars (T2), and at the end of the observation period (T3). Although movements of the first molar cusp and apex from T2 to T3 were significantly greater than from T1 to T2, movements of the incisor cusp and apex from T1 to T2 were significantly greater than from T2 to T3. The first molar tipped mesially from T1 to T2 but tipped distally from T2 to T3. The distal tipping of the incisor from T1 to T2 was significantly greater than from T2 to T3. These results suggest that the main changes in dentition from T1 to T2 are different from those from T2 to T3. The correlations between the annual change in the canine movement or tipping from T2 to T3 and the annual change in the irregularity index at the same time were significant. These results suggest that the canine movement or tipping contributed to the correction of the anterior crowding from T2 to T3.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

An axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease showing distinctive features in association with mutations in the peripheral myelin protein zero gene (Thr124Met or Asp75Val).

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: Seven families were studied with an axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) associated with mutations in the peripheral myelin protein zero (MPZ) gene-Thr124Met or Asp75Val. RESULTS: Patients with these mutations commonly showed relatively late onset sensorimotor neuropathy predominantly involving the lower limbs. Sensory impairment typically was marked, and distal muscle atrophy and weakness were also present in the legs. Adie's pupil and deafness were often present, and serum creatine kinase concentrations were often raised irrespective of which MPZ mutation was present. Relatively well preserved motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities contrasted with reduced or absent compound muscle action potentials and sensory nerve action potentials. Axonal change with marked axonal sprouting was seen in sural nerve specimens. CONCLUSION: The similar associated clinical findings suggest that patients with axonal CMT with an MPZ gene mutation share distinctive clinical features.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Pleomorphic adenoma of tongue base causing dysphagia and dysphasia.

A case of an 87-year-old female with pleomorphic adenoma of the tongue base is reported, with a review of the literature. The tumour had enlarged gradually over a period of three years, causing dysphagia and dysphasia. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the tumour was exophytic and occupy the oropharynx with little extension into the muscle tissue. The tumour was resected by CO2 laser. Histological examination revealed a benign pleomorphic adenoma that originated from the minor salivary gland of the tongue base.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed2000

Distribution of immunoglobulin isotypes and subisotypes in equine guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum).

To clarify the functions of the equine guttural pouch, the distribution of various immunoglobulin isotypes and subisotypes in the guttural pouch mucosa were examined in healthy horses. IgGa was present in the mucosa of guttural pouch, mucosal lymph nodules and submucosal lymph nodules. IgM was scattered in the mucosal lymph nodules and in the germinal centers of the submucosal lymph nodules. IgGc was recognized only in the submucosal lymph nodules. These immunoglobulin isotypes and subisotypes were found in lymphocytes and plasma cells. On the other hand, IgA was detected in glandular epithelial cells and the surface layer of the mucosal epithelium, as well as in free cells. This finding suggests that IgA is secreted through the glandular epithelium. Based on the above findings, we conclude that the guttural pouch has phylactic ability.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The effect of orally administered cisapride on intestinal motility in conscious horses.

Seven Thoroughbred horses were laparotomized and Force Transducers were fixed on the proximal jejunal and cecal serosa. After observation of the digestive tract motility in consciousness, cisapride (0, 0.5, 0.75 or 1 mg/kg) was orally administered. In horses treated with 0.75 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg cisapride, the migrating contraction (MC) of the jejunum was significantly increased in frequency.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

Macroscopic anatomy of the auditory tube diverticulum (guttural pouch) in the thoroughbred equine--a silicon mold approach.

The characteristics of the equine auditory tube diverticulum (guttural pouches) were studied in detail by the naked eye and silicon mold method. First, we examined the anatomical relationship between the guttural pouches and their associated bones and muscles. Secondly, a silicon mold was fabricated to clarify the three-dimensional aspect of the guttural pouches, paying a special attention to the distribution of major arteries and nerves surrounding it. Thirdly, the volume of the silicon mold was measured by immersing it in water. The guttural pouches are a pair of pouches located dorso-posteriorly to the posterior pharynx. The pouches had a close contact rostrally with the Os sphenoidale, ventrally with the pharynx and the esophagus, and caudally with the Articulatio atlantoaxialis. The left and right guttural pouches had almost the same capacity in each horse. The A. carotis interna, cranial ganglia of cervical nerves and cervical Truncus sympathicus, as well as the N. vagus, N. glossopharyngeus, N. hypoglossus, and Radices spinales of the N. accessorius, were present in the mucosal crease extending from the roof of the guttural pouches towards the middle of the caudal wall. The N. facialis appeared from the Foramen stylomastoideum ran dorsocaudally along the lateral recess. The N. mandibularis appeared from the Foramen lacerum went over the muscular process of an ear bone, ran along the roof of the lateral recess and finally continued with the rostral side of the guttural pouches. Lymph nodes, scattered on the mucosal surface, appeared as tiny indentations with approximately millet seed size on the silicon surface. The capacity of guttural pouches in adult horses (472 +/- 12.4 cm3) was three-fold larger than that in foals (145 +/- 9.4 cm3).

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Histological and morphometrical studies on the mucosa of the equine guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum).

The present study attempted to clarify the characteristics of the guttural pouch mucosa in equines and to evaluate its foreign substance clearance ability. The specimens were collected from nine regions (eight in the guttural pouch mucosa, and one in the nasopharynx mucosa). We first examined the pouch mucosa by light and electron microscopy. We then measured the frequency of goblet cells per 200 epithelial cells, the length of the cilia, the thickness of the epithelial cell layer and lamina propria and statistically analyzed the data. The guttural pouch mucosa consisted of stratified columnar epithelia with brush-like cilia, and there were almost no histological differences between adults and foals. The morphometrical study revealed significant differences in goblet cell frequency (p < 0.001) and the thickness of lamina propria (p < 0.05). By contrast, no statistically significant difference was detected in the length of the cilia or the thickness of the epithelial cell layer. These findings suggest that the guttural pouch mucosa provides foreign substance clearance ability, but that its ability varies among different regions of the epithelium.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

[Two families of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with Adie's pupil, axonal neuropahy and the Thr124Met mutation in the peripheral myelin protein zero gene].

We reported two families of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) with Thr124Met mutation in the peripheral myelin protein zero (MPZ). The clinical features of the proband patients of both families showed Adie's pupil, severe sensory dominant neuropathy in lower extremities, and axonal changes in sural nerve biopsies and nerve conduction studies. Muscle atrophy and weakness was mild in the lower legs, while sensory impairment was marked. The proband patient of family 1 had four symptomatic siblings and one of them showed Adie's pupil. The elderly daughter of the proband of family 2 showed Adie's pupil and younger daughter showed photophobia. The biopsied sural nerves of both proband patients revealed prominent axonal sprouting, and sub-perineurial edema and mild fascicular enlargement. Segmental demyelination was not frequent in teased fiber assessment. The present two family cases strongly suggest that this MPZ gene mutation (Thr124Met) could be present among the patients with CMT type 2, axonal form. Furthermore, the patients showing sensory neuropathy and Adie's pupil may need to be reexamined with this mutation. It is also necessary to reassess genotype-phenotype correlation in CMT patients particularly in reference to type 1 and type 2.

Adie Syndrome↗
PubMed2000

[Intramasseter hemangiomas: a case report].

Intramuscular hemangiomas are uncommon tumours in the head and neck region, especially in the masseter muscle. This article presents a case of a 10-year-old male treated by surgical excision. The authors review the literature to discuss the clinical characteristics, sex, age, differential diagnosis, surgical approaches, and histology.

Child↗
PubMed2000

[X-Linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with a new mutation (Thr191Ala) in the connexin32].

We report a 59-year-old man with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and a new point mutation in the connexin32 gene. The patient first noticed mild gait disturbance five years previously. On admission, he exhibited muscle atrophy and weakness in the distal part of both legs, mild muscle atrophy of both hands without weakness, and a minimal reduction of touch sensation in the right dorsal foot. Nerve conduction velocity of the peripheral nerves was diffusely reduced. Electromyography exhibited high-amplitude, long-duration, polyphasic motor unit potentials in the muscles of the extremities. Fibrillation potential and positive sharp wave were present in the affected muscles. Cerebrospinal fluid protein was slightly elevated. The polyneuropathy did not respond to high-dose corticosteroid treatment, and showed very slow progression. His parents were not consanguineous. His father and two sons were healthy, but similar illness (more severe) was suspected in his younger brother. Gene analysis (Southern hybridization) did not reveal any duplication or deletion in the CMT 1 A-REP region. However, a novel mutation (Thr191Ala) was detected in the connexin32. Although more than 160 mutations in the connexin 32 gene have been identified worldwide, approximately ten mutations have so far been reported in Japan. In comparison with X-linked CMT patients with other connexin32 mutations, the present case was characterized by late onset and mild neurological manifestation. Gene analysis provides a useful tool for diagnosing cases with slowly progressive, motor dominant polyneuropathy of unknown origin.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease↗
PubMed1999

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising in the accessory parotid gland.

A rare case of a 9-year-old female with mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising in the accessory parotid gland is reported. She had complained of a painless and round mass of the left cheek for a duration of 14 months. Sialography, ultrasonography, CT scan and MRI were performed preoperatively. Sialography revealed a small duct separating from the Stensen's duct. CT and MRI showed that the tumor with smooth outline was lying on the masseter muscle and detached from the main parotid gland. The preoperative diagnosis was an accessory parotid gland tumor. The tumor was removed without facial nerve injury via standard parotidectomy incision. The tumor was composed of mucous and epidermoid cells. The pathological diagnosis was low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid↗
PubMed1999

Prognostic factors relating to survival in uterine endometrioid carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiologic and clinicohistopathologic prognostic factors of uterine endometrioid carcinomas were analyzed. The association of estrogen related factors, focused on adenomyosis in the prognosis of endometrioid carcinomas was also examined. METHODS: Risk factors of surgically treated 286 patients with endometrioid carcinoma (Stage I-III) were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Overall a recurrence-free 5-year survival rate was 81% (Stage I, 94%, Stage II, 71% and Stage III, 40%). Significant prognostic factors were lymph node metastases (P = 0.0035) and serosal/parametrial invasion (P = 0.014) by multivariate analysis. Endometrioid carcinomas with co-existing adenomyosis tend to be associated with endometrial hyperplasia (P = 0.04, Fisher's exact test), diagnosed in less invasive status (myometrial invasion, P = 0.004 and serosal/parametrial invasion, P = 0.006) and therefore have a favorable prognosis (P = 0.01, log rank test). CONCLUSIONS: A favorable prognosis of endometrioid carcinomas with co-existing estrogen related factors (adenomyosis and endometrial hyperplasia) was suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effect of serial extraction alone on crowding: relationships between tooth width, arch length, and crowding.

In this study, we examined the effect of serial extraction alone on crowding. We also investigated the relationships between tooth width, arch length, and irregularity index. Maxillary dental casts from 32 subjects who had undergone only serial extraction were analyzed at 3 stages: before deciduous canines extraction, after first premolars extraction, and at the end of the observation period. The mean of the irregularity index decreased significantly as serial extraction proceeded and further decreased during the observation period. In cases where the width of the incisor was more than 2 standard deviations above the means for the control subjects, there was a significant correlation between tooth width of the lateral incisors and irregularity index before extraction as well as a significant correlation between the summation of tooth widths of the central and lateral incisors and irregularity index at that time. There was a significant negative correlation between arch length discrepancy and irregularity index before extraction and also a significant correlation between arch length discrepancy and correction of the irregularity index from before deciduous canines extraction to after first premolars extraction. These results suggest that tooth width and arch length discrepancy might preferentially affect the degree of anterior crowding in cases of severe crowding. There was no aggravation of the average crowding level during the observation period in the present study. The present study quantitatively suggested that serial extraction was useful for the purpose of correcting crowding in most cases.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

Iron fortification of rice seed by the soybean ferritin gene.

To improve the iron content of rice, we have transferred the entire coding sequence of the soybean ferritin gene into Oryza sativa (L. cv. Kita-ake) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The rice seed-storage protein glutelin promoter, GluB-1, was used to drive expression of the soybean gene specifically in developing, self-pollinated seeds (T1 seeds) of transgenic plants, as confirmed by reverse transcription PCR analysis. Stable accumulation of the ferritin subunit in the rice seed was demonstrated by western blot analysis, and its specific accumulation in the endosperm by immunologic tissue printing. The iron content of T1 seeds was as much as threefold greater than that of their untransformed counterparts.

Blotting, Southern↗