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Biomedical subjects

T Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to T Yasuda.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Practical utility of an antibody specific to a synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal amino acid sequence of human urine DNAse I for genetic analysis of human DNase I isozymes.

An antibody specific to a synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal 27 amino acid residues of human urine DNase I (anti-DNase I peptide) was obtained. The antibody did not inhibit the activity of the enzyme, but reacted well with the enzyme upon immunoblotting following electrophoresis. The urine DNase I isozyme patterns detected using this antibody were almost identical to those produced with an antibody specific to purified DNase I. Therefore, the anti-DNase I peptide antibody should prove to be valuable for genetic analysis of human DNase I isozymes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacokinetics and prophylactic effect of intraperitoneal administration of mitomycin C resulting in IC50 of gastric cancer].

In order to prevent peritoneal metastasis after gastrectomy for gastric cancer, we conducted a study to find a clinical dose of MMC which would result in IC50, the drug concentration which inhibits the growth of colonies of cells by 50%. After closure of the abdomen, MMC dissolved in 1,000 ml of physiological saline was administered. In the 40 mg group, the mean intraperitoneal MMC concentration after 60 min was 8.2 micrograms/ml, which exceeded IC50 of 7.6 micrograms/ml. In the group, peak serum concentration of MMC was 0.29 micrograms/ml. Seventy to 80% of intraperitoneally administered MMC was transferred in blood. Serious adverse effects were not observed. One-year survival rate of absolute noncurative resection with peritoneal metastasis was 33% in the control group and 78% in the treated group. Two-year survival rate of curative resection with free cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity was 11% in the control group and 60% in the treated group.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of intraperitoneal cancer chemotherapy using an implantable reservoir in patients with peritonitis carcinomatosa].

We evaluated the clinical usefulness of intraperitoneal cancer chemotherapy using an implantable reservoir in patients with peritonitis carcinomatosa as compared with conventional chemotherapy. The cases were comprised of 9 gastric cancers, 6 colorectal cancers, 1 appendiceal carcinoma, and 1 malignant tumor of retroperitoneum, all of which were observed to have peritoneal dissemination during surgical operations. Medications infused were CDDP in 14 cases, MMC in 4 cases, and 5-FU in 1 case. The patients with P2 and P3 findings (group A) were compared with other cases treated with conventional chemotherapy (group B). The average survival periods were, for gastric cancer patients, 6 months in group A and 8.6 months in group B; for the colorectal cancer group, 10.5 months in group A and 13.6 months in group B. The 6-month and 1-year cumulative survival rates for the gastric cancer patients were 100% and 0%, respectively in group A; 52% and 17%, respectively in group B. For the colo-rectal cancer group, the 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year cumulative survival rates were 75%, 75%, and 0%, respectively, in group A; 79%, 45%, and 14% respectively, in group B. These results did not show significant differences between the two groups. On the other hand, the average outpatient clinic visiting rates in the gastric cancer patients in groups A and B showed a significant difference; 72.6% (group A) and 46.8% (group B). Also, the rates in the colo-rectal cancer patients showed a significant difference; 69.6% (group A) and 61.5% (group B). As a result, the extension of the period of stay at home and visiting of our outpatient clinic for treatment was obtained in the group A. Consequently, this intraperitoneal cancer chemotherapy using an implantable reservoir was extremely effective in patients with peritonitis carcinomatosa for outpatient treatment over the long term without loss of quality of life for each patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Response to IL-6 stimulation of human hepatoblastoma cells: production of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor.

LPS-stimulated macrophage conditioned medium and IL-6 markedly stimulated the secretion of PSTI by cultured hepatoblastoma cells. The mechanism underlying the cellular response of IL-6-induced secretion of PSTI was investigated. Among the agents affecting the signal transduction pathways, forskolin significantly induced PSTI secretion whereas PMA or A23187 did not, suggesting that IL-6 induced PSTI secretion is mediated by cAMP dependent protein kinase A.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with cervical spondylosis and ossification of posterior longitudinal ligaments].

We examined the levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 39 cases of cervical spondylosis (CS), in 16 cases of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligaments (OPLL), and in 29 control subjects by means of highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay methods. The levels (mean +/- SD) of NSE and S-100 protein in the control subjects, CS cases, and OPLL cases were shown as follows: NSE = 4.7 +/- 2.1, 8.0 +/- 3.4, 6.0 +/- 3.1 ng/ml, S-100b = 0.42 +/- 0.22, 0.72 +/- 0.40, 0.67 +/- 0.27 ng/ml, respectively. CS patients with a muscle atrophy of upper limbs showed a rise in NSE levels and this was especially seen in cases of cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA). There were positive correlations between the distance of the A-P diameters of the spinal canal and the amount of NSE in OPLL cases (r = -0.6915, p less than 0.01). CS patients with severe spinal cord compressions demonstrated by myelo CT showed higher levels of NSE and S-100b. These results suggest that NSE, S-100 protein can be used as reliable markers to evaluate the damage of the spinal cord in CS and OPLL.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Intraarterial and intraportal chemotherapy combined with decollateralization for cholangiocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver cancer].

Two patients with cholangiocarcinoma and one patient with liver metastasis from inflammatory breast cancer underwent catheterization into both hepatic artery and portal vein following decollateralization using silicone rubber sheeting. They received arterial chemoembolization and chemotherapy and portal chemotherapy through the catheters repeatedly. Two patients with cholangiocarcinoma are still alive more than one year after the beginning of the treatments without regrowth of the tumors. The patient with metastatic liver cancer died of lung metastasis, although the liver foci were controlled by procedure. Thus, both intraarterial and intraportal chemotherapy combined with decollateralization by silicone rubber sheeting seems to be effective for advanced cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1990

[A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy due to partial cytochrome c oxidase deficiency with giant evoked potentials--a case report].

A case of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with a partial cytochrome c oxidase deficiency was reported with special reference to electrophysiological studies. A 56-year-old man was readmitted to Himeji Central Hospital due to mental deterioration and character change. At the age of 44 when he was attacked by his first epileptic seizure, he was admitted to Himeji Central Hospital, where EEG abnormalities and cerebral atrophy were found. Anticonvulsants helped to relieve his generalized convulsions but the EEG abnormalities persisted. At age 46, he had the second generalized seizure, so he quit his job as a crane operator. His family began to notice deterioration of his intellectual function and hyperaggressive behavior. His daily activities, intellectual performance and mental condition gradually deteriorated (WAIS FIQ less than 60). Other clinical and laboratory findings are as follows: bilateral impaired hearing, no optic nerve atrophy, no disturbance of extra ocular muscle movements, mild wasting and weakness of his extremities, normal coordination and sensation, no myoclonus or other involuntary movements, normal laboratory data of serum creatinine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase, and increased amount of lactate and pyruvate in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), no abnormal amino acids in urine. A biopsy specimen of right biceps brachii muscle revealed numerous ragged-red fibers in frozen sections stained by the Gomori trichrome method. These fibers did not react to a cytochrome c oxidase staining. An ATPase staining demonstrated an atrophy of type-2 fibers. An electron micrograph showed many mitochondria in the sarcoplasm but few paracrystalline inclusions. A biochemical analysis of the muscle biopsy also revealed a significant decrease in the cytochrome c oxidase activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1990

[Quick radioimmunoassay for plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI)--application for localizing occult insulinoma during operation].

A quick RIA for IRI was developed which can be applied for localizing occult insulinoma during extirpation of the tumor. We used anti-insulin antibody insolubilized with bacterial cell wall. The standard solutions were prepared by dissolving porcine insulin in human plasma containing low level of IRI. By use of this assay IRI in plasma samples are assayed within 45 min for 20 samples including standard samples. The coefficient of variation of intra- and inter-assay were 9-19% and the recovery tests were 70-120%. The assay has a sensitivity of 10 microU/ml. The obtained IRI values by this method correlated well with those by the usual method (Insulin RIA Bead) (y=1.0 x -0.2, r = 0.98). A clinical case with insulinoma was shown in which the localization of the tumor was diagnosed from IRI levels in various portions of splenic vein assayed by this method during the operation and the tumor was extirpated successfully.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Location of membrane-bound hapten with different length spacers.

Immunogenic activity of a lipid hapten is strongly dependent of the length and nature of the linker chain (spacer) connecting the hapten to the head group of the lipid. A derivative containing a very short or a long spacer is known to be less effective for antibody binding than that of an intermediate length. In the present experiment, this was confirmed first by experiments of antibody binding to TNP lipid haptens with different length of spacers and of antibody-dependent macrophage binding to them. Second, we determined the location of the TNP haptens in lipid bilayer membranes by fluorescence energy transfer. It was found that vertical distances between TNP groups (acceptors), which were assumed to be randomly distributed in a plan parallel to the membrane surface, and a pyrene fluorophore (donor), which was embedded in the middle of lipid membranes, were 10.2-10.5 A in the DMPC membranes and 13.2-13.9 A in the DPPC membranes. The vertical distances were about 3 A longer in the DPPC membranes than in the DMPC membranes. However, they were almost independent of the length of spacers. This indicates that TNP residues of the lipid haptens locate at the similar vertical position on the membrane surfaces even if they have different length spacers. From these results we suggested that the affinity of the spacer groups to the bilayer surfaces can modulate the binding affinity of antibody to lipid hapten on the membrane surfaces. This was partly supported by the binding experiments of TNP spacers to the bilayer membranes.

Antibody Affinity↗
PubMed1990

Solid and papillary neoplasm arising from an ectopic pancreas in the mesocolon.

A case of solid and papillary neoplasm of a mesocolonic ectopic pancreas in a 13-yr-old girl is presented. An 8-cm, well-encapsulated, and partly calcified tumor which protruded from the mesocolon was resected surgically. Histologically, the tumor showed either solid sheets or papillary arrangements (around the vascular core) of uniformly small cells with alpha 1-antitrypsin-positive cytoplasm. Some of the tumor cells had zymogenlike granules, suggesting acinar cell differentiation. At the base of this tumor, small pancreatic tissues (islet, acinar, and ductular cells) were detected in the mesocolonic tissue. Incidences of both ectopic pancreas outside the gastrointestinal wall and solid and papillary neoplasm of the pancreas are rare, and this is the first case reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Human serum deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) polymorphism: pattern similarities among isozymes from serum, urine, kidney, liver, and pancreas.

We have devised a zymogram method with high sensitivity and resolution for investigating molecular heterogeneity and genetic polymorphism of deoxyribonuclease I. A combination technique of polyacrylamide-gel isoelectric-focusing electrophoresis and the newly developed zymogram method have led to the discovery of genetic polymorphism of human serum DNase I. Family studies showed that the three common phenotypes--DNASE1 1, DNASE1 1-2, and DNASE1 2--and the other five relatively rare phenotypes--DNASE1 1-3, DNASE1 2-3, DNASE1 2-4, and DNASE1 3-4--represent homozygosity or heterozygosity for four autosomal codominant alleles, DNASE1 *1, DNASE1 *2, DNASE1 *3, and DNASE1 *4. The frequencies of DNASE1 *1, DNASE1 *2, DNASE1 *3, and DNASE1 *4 calculated in a Japanese population were .5517, .4358, .0104, and .0021, respectively. Moreover, it was found that urine and extracts of kidney, liver, and pancreas, as well as serum, can be used for DNase I phenotyping.

Deoxyribonuclease I↗
PubMed1989

[Prognostic significance of regional blood flow, blood volume, oxygen extraction fraction, and metabolic rates of oxygen and glucose as measured by positron emission tomography in patients with gliomas].

We tested clinical significance of hemocirculatory and metabolic values and ratios as determined by positron emission tomography (PET) in twenty-three patients with cerebral gliomas. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), blood volume (rCBV), oxygen extraction fraction (rOEF), and metabolic rates of oxygen (rCMRO2) and glucose (rCMRGl) were measured prior to treatment using PET with 15O2, C15O, 15O2, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose tracers. For the quantitative analysis, regions of interest were delineated on tumor regions including peak activity, the contralateral gray and white matter. The regional values and the ratios of tumor/gray matter and tumor/white matter were compared to performance status (PS) according to the five functional grades system which are defined by the Japan Society for Cancer Therapy, tumor progression-free time (PFT), survival time (ST) from the time of the PET study, regardless of type of therapy. As with rCMRGl, the tumor values and the ratios of tumor/gray matter and tumor/white matter correlated significantly with PS (tumor/gray: p less than 0.05, tumor/white: p less than 0.01). Both the gray rCBF and the tumor/gray rCBF ratio had close relation with PS and/or PFT (p less than 0.05). The gray matter rCMRO2 and the tumor/gray matter rCMRO2 ratio related significantly (gray matter: p less than 0.01, tumor/gray: p less than 0.05) to each clinical parameter of PS, PFT, and ST. These indicate that values and ratios as determined by PET can be useful in predicting the prognosis of glioma patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Genetic analysis of human deoxyribonuclease I by immunoblotting and the zymogram method following isoelectric focusing.

We have devised two independent detection methods for investigating possible molecular heterogeneity and genetic polymorphism in human DNase I, in terms of both its antigenicity and enzymatic activity. One was an immunoblotting method using an antibody specific to DNase I following polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (IEF-PAGE). The DNase I-specific antibody was raised in a rabbit using purified enzyme from human urine as the immunogen. DNase I in urine was found to exist in multiple forms with different pI values separable by IEF-PAGE within a pH range of 3.5-4.0. This method was able to detect as little as 0.1 micrograms of the purified DNase I and facilitated classification of desialylated urine samples from different individuals into several groups according to differences in DNase I isozyme patterns. About 0.5 ml of the original urine was sufficient for analysis of the isozyme patterns. The other method was the zymogram method, which had a high sensitivity and resolution almost identical to those of the immunoblotting method for analysis of DNase I patterns. It was easier to perform, more time-saving, and more useful since it did not require antibody specific to DNase I. These two methods should prove valuable for biochemical and genetic analysis of DNase I isozymes.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1989

Homogeneous immunoassay for alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2PI) and alpha 2PI-plasmin complex. Application of a sandwich liposome immune lysis assay (LILA) technique.

The measurement of the alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2PI) and alpha 2PI-plasmin complex is important for a complete understanding of fibrinolytic conditions. Using monoclonal antibodies against alpha 2PI, a sandwich liposome immune lysis assay (LILA) has been used for the quantitation of alpha 2PI and the alpha 2PI-plasmin complex. In the assay system for the measurement of alpha 2PI, anti-alpha 2PI monoclonal antibodies were covalently coupled to liposomes and specific lysis of liposomes was observed when the liposomes were incubated with the alpha 2PI antigen, TNP haptenized second monoclonal antibody against alpha 2PI and complement activating rabbit anti-TNP antibody. The same liposomes and rabbit anti-plasminogen antibody could be used for the homogeneous determination of the alpha 2PI-plasmin complex. The former assay suggests that monoclonal antibodies lacking complement-activating ability can be used in the sandwich LILA technique. The second application suggests that the LILA technique is capable of measuring heterocomplexes. These assays, which involve the same analytical system, are simple, fast and highly sensitive. They are potentially useful in determining the fibrinolytic status of patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Low uptake of [3H]2-deoxy-D-glucose by cultured rat Schwann cells.

[3H]2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) was used to investigate the glucose uptake in cultured rat Schwann cells from postnatal Sprague-Dawley rat sciatic nerves. The glucose uptake of Schwann cells slightly increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. However, the maximal uptake level was much lower than that of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced transformed rat schwannoma-like cells and fibroblasts. By autoradiography of the cultured system, we were able to visualize the accumulation of [3H]2-DG grains in the schwannoma-like cells and fibroblasts, but not in Schwann cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of the human parathyroid hormone-like peptide gene. Functional and evolutionary aspects.

The single-copy gene coding for the human parathyroid hormone-like peptide was isolated from a human placental genomic library. The gene spans 13 kilobases and contains seven exons. Exons I and II encode 5'-noncoding regions; each has its own transcription initiation site, and the two promoters are separated by over 1000 base pairs of genomic DNA. Exon III encodes the prepro-coding region, and exon IV encodes the mature peptide sequence. At the end of exon IV the splice site interrupts codon 139 of the mature peptide. Exon V, which is contiguous with exon IV, encodes a stop codon and a 3'-noncoding region. Exon VI encodes 34 additional amino acids, a stop codon, and a second 3'-noncoding region. Exon VII encodes two extra amino acids, a stop codon, and a third 3'-noncoding region. This genomic organization reveals how the multiple human parathyroid hormone-like peptide RNA transcripts, which have been observed, arise by both alternative splicing out of exons and use of multiple promoters. The mRNAs, which can potentially be formed from the primary transcript of this gene, could have one of three different carboxyl-terminal coding regions. The use of different exons to encode the different functional domains, 5'-noncoding region, pre-pro-coding region, and mature peptide region is identical to the organization of the human parathyroid hormone gene. This strongly suggests a common evolutionary origin of the two genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Temperature-sensitive release of adriamycin, an amphiphilic antitumor agent, from dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-cholesterol liposomes.

Drugs for temperature-sensitive liposomes have been limited to the hydrophilic drugs, such as methotrexate and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum, with a low affinity for the lipid bilayer. It was, however, of importance to investigate whether the concept of temperature-sensitive liposomes can be extended to amphiphilic or lipophilic compounds, because some useful drugs are amphiphilic or lipophilic. In this study we tried to use adriamycin, an amphiphilic antitumor agent, as a drug for temperature-sensitive liposomes. In the absence of serum, the liposomes prepared from dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine released adriamycin in a temperature-sensitive manner, i.e., they retained the major portion of entrapped adriamycin at a lower temperature 32 degrees C, and released around 70% of the drug at 42 degrees C, a temperature higher than the phase-transition temperature of the phospholipid. However, when serum was present, the liposomes were leaky even at 32 degrees C. To raise the stability of the liposomes, we included various mol% of cholesterol in the liposomal membrane and examined temperature sensitivity and stability of the liposomes in the presence of serum. Our results indicated that the liposomes including 20 mol% cholesterol were considerably stable and exhibited the maximal temperature-sensitive release of adriamycin in the presence of serum.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗