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Biomedical subjects

T Yao

Publications and source records attributed to T Yao.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Long-term follow-up of 2529 patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer: survival rate and causes of death.

We investigated 2529 patients with peptic ulcer diagnosed from 1963 to 1975 to determine the prognosis relative to life span and causes of death. During the follow-up period of 9-23 yr, 486 patients (19.2%) died, 2025 (80.1%) were alive, and the fate of 18 (0.7%) was unknown. No significant differences were found between these numbers and the numbers expected from the sex- and age-matched general population at 1-20 yr after the initial diagnosis for patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, or both gastric and duodenal ulcer, or for all ulcer groups combined. The survival rate for the surgically treated patients did not differ from the expected survival rate. The number of deaths from peptic ulcer (observed/expected = 18/5.47) was statistically high and the number from cerebrovascular disease was significantly low. Our results show that for patients with a peptic ulcer, the prognosis relative to life span is as good as that of the general population and surgery has little influence on the prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Villous tumor of the colon: correlation of histologic, macroscopic, and radiographic features.

Forty-six patients with villous or tubulovillous tumors of the colon were examined to study the correlation between histologic and macroscopic or radiographic features and to define more accurately villous tumors of the colon. There was good correlation between the histologic and macroscopic or radiographic features. As villous elements became more prominent on histologic studies, the macroscopic appearance was more villous and granular but less nodular on the surface. Reticular and/or granular patterns with a feathery margin were more frequently seen on radiographs in cases of dominant villous elements. The macroscopic and radiographic characteristics of villous tumor frequently appeared when villous elements composed over 75% of the whole tumor on histologic studies. The authors propose that villous tumor of the colon can be accurately diagnosed when villous elements compose over 75% of the tumor.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Immunological studies on Crohn's disease. VII. Reduced immunologic activity in monocytes.

Studies done in our laboratories showed that monocytes in Crohn's disease (CD) have an increased phagocytic activity determined using chemiluminescence assay. To further elucidate the pathogenesis of CD, we studied the monokine production activity and the proportion of HLA-DR(+) monocytes in the peripheral blood of 16 Japanese with CD. In contrast to the phagocytic function, an impaired monokine production activity and a decreased percentage of DR(+) monocytes were evident. The number of DR(+) monocytes showed a negative correlation to CRP. These findings provide additional information on the monocyte function in CD and indicate that monocyte dysfunction may be closely linked to the pathogenesis of CD.

Biological Products↗
PubMed1987

Frequent overexpression, but not activation by point mutation, of ras genes in primary human gastric cancers.

To define the extent of involvement of ras oncogenes in human gastric cancers, we surveyed for the presence of ras oncogenes, activated by either point mutations within their coding sequences or overexpression of ras protein p21, by the combined use of several analytic techniques. Primary gastric cancers were first analyzed by deoxyribonucleic acid transfection assay using NIH/3T3 cells as recipients and by restriction enzyme analysis, which detects point mutations at codon 12 of the H-ras gene. None of seven tumors analyzed scored as positive. Furthermore, none of them had ras p21 with altered electrophoretic mobility on immunoprecipitation and Western blotting, confirming the absence of ras oncogenes activated by point mutations in these tumors. However, in 6 of 7 tumors, the amounts of p21 exceeded that in human placenta. Amplification of the K-ras gene was found in 1 of 11 (including the 7 described above) gastric cancers. Immunohistochemical analysis of ras p21 expression in these 11 tumors was then carried out using the anti-ras p21 monoclonal antibody RAP-5. All cancers showed more reactivity with RAP-5 than did normal mucosa adjacent to the cancers, indicating increased expression of ras p21. These results indicated that transformation of the stomach mucosa from the normal to the malignant phenotype is rarely associated with activation of ras genes by point mutations, but is frequently associated with enhanced expression of ras p21.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Anatomical involvement and clinical features in 91 Japanese patients with Crohn's disease.

Ninety-three patients with Crohn's disease who had not undergone bowel resection at the time of diagnosis (during the years 1969-1983) were selected for the study, to elucidate whether initial anatomical involvement correlates with clinical manifestations, complications, laboratory findings, and prognosis. Forty-one patients had isolated small intestine disease (44%), 37 ileocolic (40%), 13 colonic disease alone (14%), and two rectal or appendix involvement (2%). Statistically significant symptoms were fever and rectal bleeding with colon involvement, and number of liquid or very soft stools in 1 week with ileocolic or colon involvement. Statistically significant complications included intestinal obstruction with ileocolic disease, perianal fistulas, and arthritis with colonic disease. Increases in ESR, C-reactive protein, and white blood cell in patients with colon involvement were among the statistically significant laboratory findings. Gammaglobulin was significantly higher in patients with ileocolic or colon involvement than in those with small intestine disease. Red cell count and hemoglobin were significantly lower in patients with ileocolitis than in patients with small intestine involvement. Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) was significantly higher in patients with ileocolic or colon involvement than in those with small intestine involvement only. These findings confirm that colonic involvement renders the disease more severe than involvement of the small intestine. Surgery was required for 22 patients (24%) during a 2.8-year follow-up, but the difference among the three groups was not significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

High-performance liquid chromatography followed by peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection of acetylcholine and choline utilizing immobilized enzymes.

A sensitive and selective method for the simultaneous determination of acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) is reported. ACh and Ch were separated on a reversed-phase column, passed through an immobilized enzymes (acetylcholine esterase and choline oxidase) column, and converted to hydrogen peroxide. The generated hydrogen peroxide was detected by the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence reaction. The linear determination ranges were from 10 pmol to 10 nmol. The detection limit for both cholines was 1 pmol.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1986

Transformation of chenodeoxycholic acid to ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with Crohn's disease.

In vivo 7 beta-epimerization of chenodeoxycholic acid to ursodeoxycholic acid and the role of 7-ketolithocholic acid as an intermediate in this biotransformation were studied in 11 patients with Crohn's disease and in 5 healthy volunteers. The incorporation of deuterium into biliary ursodeoxycholic acid and 7-ketolithocholic acid was determined by computed gas chromatography-mass fragmentography after ingestion of a dideuterated chenodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic-11,12-d2 acid. The incorporation of deuterium into ursodeoxycholic acid increased to a peak level at 48 h in the patients with Crohn's disease, but was delayed in healthy volunteers. In 8 patients and 2 healthy controls there were small amounts of 7-ketolithocholic acid in bile. The incorporation of deuterium into 7-ketolithocholic acid was confirmed in only 2 patients and the peak level was noted at 48 h. These observations suggest that 7-ketolithocholic acid is an intermediate of this biotransformation in patients with Crohn's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Clinical features of nongangrenous ischemic colitis. A comparison of stricturing and transient forms.

Forty cases of nongangrenous ischemic colitis were studied to find the different clinical features between stricturing form and transient form. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared between two groups, 15 cases of stricturing form and 25 of transient form, which were diagnosed by follow-up barium enema radiography. The following four items, of the nine studied, were significantly different between the two groups; namely, patients of stricturing form were older in age, had longer time intervals from the onset of disease to disappearance of subjective symptoms and to normalization of white blood cell count and/or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and showed an increase in 1-h erythrocyte sedimentation rate on day 5 or earlier of the disease. Our observations indicate that the age and 1-h erythrocyte sedimentation rate might be useful indicators to differentiate the stricturing and transient forms early after the onset of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ischemic colitis: serial changes in double-contrast barium enema examination.

Serial double-contrast barium enema examinations were performed in 40 patients with nongangrenous ischemic colitis, 15 with the stricturing form and 25 with the transient form. Thumb-printing was observed in 30 cases (75%); it appeared within 9 days after the onset of the disease in patients with the stricturing form and within 6 days in those with the transient form. Thumb-printing disappeared about 10 days after the onset, but it lasted considerably longer in two patients with the stricturing form (21 and 29 days, respectively). Longitudinal ulcers were observed in 24 patients (60%), and healing was confirmed on day 20 or later in patients with the stricturing form and on day 9 or later in those with the transient form. Eccentric deformity was found in 19 patients (48%), sacculation in 12 (30%), and transverse ridging in five (13%). These results indicate that longitudinal ulcers and thumb-printing are both characteristic findings of ischemic colitis. The double-contrast study is useful for visualization of the ulcer.

Adult↗