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Biomedical subjects

T Yano

Publications and source records attributed to T Yano.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

The influence of enhanced postoperative inflammation by the intrapleural administration of streptococcal preparation (OK-432) on the prognosis of completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is not clear whether postoperative inflammation affects the prognosis of malignant disease. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who underwent a complete resection at the National Kyushu Cancer Center from 1989 to 1996. For the treatment of prolonged air leakage after a pulmonary lobectomy, 25 patients received an intrapleural injection of OK-432, a lyophilized preparation of the heat- and penicillin-treated Su-strain of the Streptococcus pyogenes group A3. All patients were males who were older than 50 years of age. As a control, we selected 164 male patients who were older than 50 years of age and not given OK-432 during the same period. RESULTS: The administration of OK-432 in most patients was performed on the 4th day after the operation. Pleural drainage could be terminated in a mean of 5.5 days after the intrapleural administration of OK-432. In the control group, the serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level reached a peak on day 4 after the operation and returned to almost a normal level on day 14 after the operation. In the OK-432 group, the peak CRP level, which was significantly higher than that in the control group, was observed on day 7 after the operation and the elevated CRP level was maintained until 28 days after the operation. The mean level of CRP in the OK-432 group was significantly higher than that in the control on days 7, 14, and 28 after the operation. No significant difference was observed in the disease-free survivals between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the above findings, postoperative prolonged inflammation does not seem to affect the progression of subclinically residual tumor cells.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Molecular cloning and protein analysis of divergent forms of the complement component C3 from a bony fish, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio): presence of variants lacking the catalytic histidine.

Unlike mammals, some bony fish species have been reported to possess multiple forms of the complement component C3. To explore the structural and functional diversity of bony fish C3, we have isolated eight distinct cDNA clones encoding C3 from a single carp (Cyprinus carpio). The eight sequences were grouped into five C3 types, designated C3-H1, C3-H2, C3-S, C3-Q1 and C3-Q2, each sharing 80-86 % amino acid sequence identity with the others. A striking amino acid substitution was noted at the position corresponding to the catalytic histidine, which is conserved in C3 from all the animals analyzed to date and provides the thioester with the ability to bind covalently to hydroxy groups on the target cells or to be hydrolyzed quickly; C3-S, C3-Q1 and C3-Q2 have serine, glutamine and glutamine residues, respectively, in place of the histidine which is conserved in C3-H1 and C3-H2. On the other hand, five distinct C3 forms, named C3-1 to C3-5, were purified from the serum of a single carp. N-terminal sequencing and covalent binding to [3H]glycine identified C3-1 as the translated product of C3-S, while C3-2 was that of C3-H1, and C3-5 that of C3-H2. C3-1 showed a hemolytic activity threefold higher than that of C3-2, whereas C3-5 was inactive, suggesting that the thioester catalytic mechanism is not a necessary determinant for C3 activity and that C3 lacking the catalytic histidine plays a significant role in the complement system of carp and probably other bony fish.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Direct influences of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6) on the proliferation and cell-surface antigen expression of cancer cells.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g. interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6 produced by surgical intervention or non-specific immunotherapy may directly affect both the growth and the metastasis of tumour cells. It is therefore important to clarify the direct influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on tumour cells in order to obtain a better knowledge of anti-tumour therapy. Four human lung cancer cell lines were used. The tumour cells were incubated for 72 h in the presence of various concentrations of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, or IL-6 and then the proliferative response was assessed by an MTT assay. After 14 days of culture with each pro-inflammatory cytokine, the cell-surface antigen expressions (HLA-class I, HLA-class II, CEA, sialyl Lewis(x)) were assessed by an immunocytochemical staining method. Among the various combinations of tumour cells (PC-9, PC-12, QG-56, QG-95) and cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), only TNF-alpha significantly exhibited an antiproliferative effect against PC-9 cells. However, various modulations of the cell-surface antigen expression by the cytokines were observed. The HLA-class I antigen expression of PC-9 was augmented by either TNF-alpha or IL-1beta. Furthermore, IL-1beta was able to induce CEA in PC-9, QG-56, and QG-95 cells while TNF-alpha was able to enhance the expression of sialyl Lewis(x)in QG-95 cells. Although the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the growth of tumour cells was only slight, some modulations of the cell-surface antigen expression were notable. The augmentation of HLA-class I expression can thus improve the immunogenicity of tumour cells while the induction of CEA or sialyl Lewis(x)may therefore be associated with the promotion of metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of carp (Cyprinus carpio) interleukin-1 beta, high affinity immunoglobulin E Fc receptor gamma subunit and serum amyloid A.

Suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) is a powerful means to identify genes of cytokines and other genes that express small amount of mRNA. In this study, cDNA of normal fish (carp) head kidney cells (HKC) was subtracted from pooled cDNA of HKC and peritoneal cell (PC) obtained from fish which had been injected with sodium alginate (SA) and scleroglucan (SG) 3-48 h earlier. This subtraction produced 248 clones of cDNA fragments. After sequencing some of the fragments of interest were used as probes, and yielded full-length cDNAs homologous to mammalian interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), the gamma subunit of high affinity Fc receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RI gamma) and serum amyloid A (SAA); these were cloned and sequenced. Carp IL-1 beta shows 21.8-24.7% amino acid identities to mammalian mature IL-1 beta, and lacks a signal sequence, which is consistent with mammalian IL-1 beta. Carp Fc epsilon RI gamma, which was the first cloned non-mammalian Fc receptor subunit, shows 39.3-40.4% amino acid identities to mammalian Fc epsilon RI gamma, and contains the immunoreceptor tyrosin-based activation motif characteristic of the signal transduction subunit of antigen- and Fc-receptors. Carp SAA is most similar to mammalian acute phase responsive type SAA with 53.0-55.3% amino acid identities. Both SA-elicited and SG-elicited PC expressed higher amounts of IL-1 beta and SAA mRNA compared to saline-injected fish HKC and PC, indicating that these proteins are associated with inflammatory responses, similar to mammalian homologues. Fc epsilon RI gamma was constitutively expressed in leucocytes and not immunopotentiator-responsive, but this indicates that Fc receptor including Fc epsilon RI gamma subunit is likely functional in the carp immune system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of new TNM lung cancer classification.

OBJECTIVE: A new staging system for lung cancer was proposed by the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer in 1997, with Stages I and II subdivided and T3N0M0 assigned as stage IIB. We studied the usefulness of this new classification. METHODS: Subjects were 753 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer undergoing pulmonary resection and follow-up data were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A significant difference was seen between stage IA and IB survival--70.4% vs 52%. No significant difference was seen between survival for T3N0M0, T1N1M0 and T2N1M0--35.3%, 42.3%, and 43.8%--at 5 years. We found, however, that the prognosis for T3N2M0 tumors--6.5% 5-year survival--is too poor to be grouped with other N2 diseases having a better prognosis--23.9% 5-year survival. Significant differences were also seen in the survival of T3N0 or T3N1 patients by organ and diseases involving the rib, diaphragm, or mediastinum may be classified as T4. CONCLUSION: The new staging system predicts patient outcome fairly well and the modification is well grounded. It appears, however, to be appropriate to subdivide T3 tumors by invaded organs and T3N2M0 disease may be better classified as stage IIIB. The classification of pulmonary metastasis appears to require further improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Multiple forms of alpha2-macroglobulin from a bony fish, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio): striking sequence diversity in functional sites.

Unlike mammals, bony fish possess multiple genes encoding the complement component C3, a member of the alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M) protein family, presumably expanding the diversity of immune recognition. To examine whether the alpha2M gene has also duplicated and diverged in the bony fish lineage, cDNA cloning of alpha2M from a pseudotetraploid teleost, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), was conducted and resulted in the isolation of three distinct alpha2M sequences from a single individual, indicating the presence of multiple alpha2M genes in this species. The deduced amino acid sequences contained a post-translational cleavage signal, predicting a C3-like two-chain structure, as in lamprey alpha2M. Two distinct alpha2M proteins were purified from carp serum; both proved to be Mr 380,000 dimers, the subunits of which are composed of disulfide-linked alpha chains (Mr 93,000) and beta chains (Mr 85,000), as reported for the alpha2M from plaice, another teleost species. The presence of an internal thioester in the alpha chain was demonstrated by its autolytic fragmentation and direct incorporation of [14C]methylamine. Interestingly, the three forms of carp alpha2M exhibited outstanding sequence diversity in the bait region which displays target sequences for various proteases, and in the C-terminal region of the alpha chain assigned as the receptor-binding domain, while an Asn residue at the position corresponding to the catalytic His in C3 was completely conserved in the carp alpha2Ms, as in most alpha2Ms of other animals. The possible functional significance of the sequence diversity is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

A novel truncated isoform of the mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (MASP) from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

The mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) play crucial roles in activation of the lectin pathway of the complement system. Mammals and Xenopus possess two distinct MASPs, MASP1 and MASP2, with different substrate specificity. Recently, a truncated form named MAp19 or sMAP, composed of N-terminal C1r/C1s/Uegf/bone morphogenetic protein (CUB)-1 and epidermal growth factor domains of MASP2, has been shown to be generated by alternative polyadenylation and splicing from the MASP2 gene. In the present study, we isolated cDNA encoding a novel MASP-related protein, designated MRP, from carp. MRP is distinct from MAp19/sMAP in containing two additional domains, CUB-2 and short consensus repeat (SCR)-1, followed by a unique C-terminal 21 amino acids, but resembles it by also lacking the serine protease domain, suggesting that carp MRP is a functional homologue of human MAp19/sMAP. Analyses of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified carp genomic DNA, from CUB-2 to SCR-2 of MASP, indicated that carp possess duplicated MASP genes, designated MASP-A and MASP-B, both of which contain an exon encoding the MRP-specific C-terminal stretch between the exons coding for SCR-1 and SCR-2 domains. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that both MASP genes of carp produce the two MASP isoforms, MASP and MRP, through alternative polyadenylation and splicing. The conservation of MASP isoforms that lack the catalytic domain in both carp and human implies that they meet an essential requirement in the MBL-MASP complex of the lectin pathway.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Rib metastasis appearing 8 years after surgery for lung cancer: report of a case.

A 39-year-old man underwent a right upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection for right lung adenocarcinoma on March 7, 1988. He was referred for an evaluation of a systemic bone scintillation scan on October 29, 1996. A hot spot at the right fourth rib was recognized. After performing needle aspiration cytology, a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was made. This case was considered to be rib metastasis occurring 8 years after surgery for lung cancer. In general, regular follow-up examinations are performed for at least 5 years after surgery; however, surgeons should also keep such late metastatic cases in mind.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Multiple "mirror" aneurysms involving intracavernous carotid arteries and vertebral arteries: case report.

BACKGROUND: Bilateral intracavernous carotid artery aneurysms are rare. Moreover, the proportion of vertebrobasilar aneurysms in association with multiple aneurysms is extremely low. We describe a rare case of "mirror" aneurysms on the bilateral intracavernous carotid and bilateral vertebral arteries. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 54-year-old male suffered from ophthalmic pain and oculomotor palsy on the left side. Cerebral angiography disclosed a giant left cavernous aneurysm and large asymptomatic aneurysms on the right intracavernous carotid artery and bilateral vertebral arteries. The cavernous sinus syndrome on the left side was successfully treated by left carotid artery ligation. However, 2 years later, severe subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) occurred. Computed tomography revealed thick clots densely distributed in the basal cisterns and third and fourth ventricles, indicating that the SAH originated from one of the vertebral artery aneurysms. Consciousness disturbance progressed rapidly, leading to cardiopulmonary arrest. CONCLUSION: The literature contains no case of mirror intracranial aneurysms involving both intracavernous carotid and vertebral arteries. Multi-staged surgical techniques with optimal combinations of direct clipping, ligation or trapping, and endovascular embolization may be essential for patients with multiple aneurysms to avoid SAH.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed2000

Direct IFNluence of interferon-gamma on proliferation and cell-surface antigen expression of non-small cell lung cancer cells.

In order to clarify the anti-tumor activity of IFN-gamma, we investigated the direct IFNluence of IFN-gamma on both the growth and cell-surface antigen expression of tumor cells. In the present study, four human lung cancer cell lines were used; two squamous cell lines (QG-56, QG-95) and two adenocarcinoma cell lines (PC-9, PC-12). In all four tumor cell lines, mutations were detected in exon 7 of the p53 gene by a PCR-FSSCP analysis. The proliferation of QG-56 or QG-95 was inhibited by IFN-gamma in a dose-dependent manner with about 70% inhibition at 1000 JRU/ml while that of PC-9 was slightly inhibited with maximally 25% inhibition at 1000 JRU/ml. The growth of PC-12 was not inhibited at all. In QG-56, QG-95 and PC-9, the fraction of cells in G1 phase increased while the fractions of cells in both S and G2/M phases decreased after exposure to IFN-gamma (200 JRU/ml) for 72 h. The growth inhibition by long-term exposure to IFN-gamma was irreversible in QG-56. After culture in the presence of IFN-gamma (200 JRU/ml) for 14-16 days, tumor cells were examined for expression of various antigens, including HLA-class I, HLA-class II, and CEA. In all cell lines but PC-12, 100% of cells expressed HLA-class I after incubation with IFN-gamma. Both HLA-class II and CEA were also induced in those cell lines. The proportion of HLA-class II-positive cells or that of CEA-positive cells varied among the cell lines. Of the three antigens, the degree of HLA-class II expression paralleled that of growth inhibition by IFN-gamma treatment. These results suggested that in various function of IFN-gamma against tumor cells, the anti-proliferative effect might be closely linked with the induction of HLA-class II probably through a similar posttranscriptional process, independent of the function of p53 gene.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed2000

The role of sialylated Lewis antigens on hematogenous metastases of human pancreas carcinoma cell lines in vivo.

Previous studies have shown that sialyl Lewis a (SLea) and sialyl Lewis x (SLex) correlated to hematogenous metastasis of human cancers. Although SLea/SLex and E-selectin act as a set of adhesion molecules in vitro, it is not clear whether the in vivo correlation is exclusively mediated by the adhesion function. To address this issue, we investigated whether or not the role of SLea/SLex antigens on hematogenous metastasis to the liver in SCID mice was exclusively mediated by adhesion by using antibodies for these antigens and SLea/SLEx-negative, human pancreas adenocarcinoma cell line PCI-6. The absence of SLea/SLex expression was supported by the absent flow cytometric detection of the antigens as well as by the absent attachment augmentation to activated endothelial cells. PCI-6 cells are xenotransplantable to nude and SCID mice and produce vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) in a significant amount. PCI-6 cells, 1 x 10(6), were injected into the spleens of SCID mice, and resultant liver metastases were evaluated six weeks later. We observed an inhibitory effect on the establishment and growth of metastatic colonies when anti-SLea or anti-SLex antibody was administered. This indicates that SLea/x antigens have an important in vivo role, even in the metastasis of SLea/SLex-negative tumor cells. This implies that there may be an in vivo function of SLea/x antigens other than that of the attachment between tumor and endothelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Progressive facial hemiatrophy after epileptic seizures.

Intractable complex partial seizures developed in a 3-year-old female with normal intracranial findings on computed tomography. Frontal paramedian band-like depression of the skin gradually developed thereafter, and progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg syndrome) was diagnosed. Computed tomography scanning at 5 years of age revealed multiple parenchymal calcifications and low-density areas in the white matter of the frontoparietal lobes. Epileptic seizures, one of the major neurologic complications of progressive facial hemiatrophy, could precede the succeeding neurocutaneous changes.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and neovascularisation in non-small cell lung cancer.

Many recent studies have demonstrated that tumour angiogenesis is a potent prognostic factor for various malignant tumours, but this has not been clearly shown in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The purpose of this study was to re-evaluate the prognostic value of MVD associated with VEGF in patients with NSCLC by comparing the immunohistochemical results obtained for CD34 with those obtained for vWf. Microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were investigated in 108 cases of NSCLC by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between von Willebrand factor (vWf) and CD34 staining for MVD was not strong, and vWf staining did not correlate with VEGF expression, but CD34 staining did. Staining for CD34 significantly correlated with survival in adenocarcinoma, distant metastasis and postoperative recurrence, but staining for vWf did not. CD34 was more sensitive and specific than vWf for staining endothelial cells associated with VEGF expression. It is suggested that research on neovascularisation should be investigated on every histological subtype or should focus on the early stages of NSCLC which are not under the influence of a variety of complications facilitating tumour neovascularisation.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Measurement of the concentrations of glucose and lactic acid in peritoneal dialysis solutions using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), a nondestructive analytical technique, was employed for the simultaneous determination of the concentrations of glucose and lactic acid in peritoneal dialysis solutions. Solutions were placed in a near-infrared spectrophotometer and the absorbance at wavelengths between 400 and 2500 nm was measured at 2 nm intervals. To obtain calibration equations, multiple linear regression (MLR) was carried out on the NIR spectral data and on the glucose and lactic acid concentrations obtained by enzymatic methods using a calibration sample set. The value of the simple correlation coefficient (r) was 0.996 when using a wavelength of 2270 nm for glucose. The value of the multiple correlation coefficient (R) for lactic acid was 0.997 when using wavelengths of 1688 and 1268 nm. To validate the calibration equations obtained, glucose and lactic acid concentrations in a prediction sample set which was not used for calibration were calculated using the calibration equation and compared with the concentrations measured by the enzymatic method. Excellent agreement between the results of the enzymatic method and of NIR was observed for both constituents. Concentrations of glucose and lactic acid in the peritoneal dialysis solutions were analyzed simultaneously by NIR. The procedure for NIR was simple, and the operation time required to determine the concentrations was a few minutes. These results indicate that NIR may be a useful method for monitoring of the production of peritoneal dialysis solutions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Cell kinetic study of normal human bone marrow hematopoiesis and acute leukemia using 7AAD/PY.

We have used the 7AAD/PY method to analyze the cell cycle status of normal human bone marrow hematopoiesis, and found that the cell kinetics differed. There were cells with relatively low levels of RNA in the S-phase (Type I) and a high level in the S-phase (Type 11). T-cells, B-cells, nucleated red cells and CD34+/CD19+ early B-cells in bone marrow were Type I, whereas myelomonocytic subset and CD34+/CD33-dim+ common myeloid cells were Type II. AC133+/CD38-dim cells, which were thought to be lineage-marker negative hematopoietic stem cells, had intermediate amounts of RNA in the S-phase between Type I and II (Type 0). Seventy-four cases of acute leukemia were also analyzed. Most of the T- and B-ALL cases were found to be Type I, most of the ANLL cases were Type II, and there were 10 cases that were Type 0. These findings yielded fundamental information about normal hematopoiesis and acute leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Thrombopoietin activates the growth of megakaryoblasts in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndrome.

The effects of thrombopoietin (TPO) on cell proliferation and differentiation, and the relation between these effects and the expression of c-mpl on leukemia cells were studied in seven acute myelogeneous leukemia cell lines and seven myelogeneous blast cell preparations from patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPDs) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Among the leukemia cells, five preparations of megakaryoblastic leukemia cells from patients and one megakaryoblastic cell line, CMK 11.5, proliferated in response to TPO in vitro. CMK 11.5 and the blastic cells from one patient diagnosed with MDS with myelofibrosis differentiated with increasing expression of CD41a in response to TPO. However, TPO had no effect on the cells lacking megakaryocytic characteristics. Some patients with CMPD and MDS develop acute transformation with blasts demonstrating megakaryocytic features, and some of these cells show growth in response to TPO. Therefore, in vivo administration of TPO should be considered carefully for patients with CMPD or MDS, since TPO may induce leukemic cell proliferation.

Cell Differentiation↗