Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Yano

Publications and source records attributed to T Yano.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Pituitary function in patients with Rathke's cleft cyst: significance of surgical management.

The pituitary function of patients with Rathke's cleft cyst before and after surgery was investigated to clarify the significance of surgery and operative indications. The authors have treated 19 patients with Rathke's cleft cyst. There were panhypopituitarism in 2 patients (11%), amenorrhea and/or galactorrhea in 3 (16%), diabetes insipidus in 4 (21%), and visual disturbance in 9 (47%). All the patients underwent systematic endocrinological examination and were found to have various degrees of pituitary dysfunction. Panhypopituitarism was endocrinologically confirmed in 2 patients. Hyperprolactinemia was observed in 4. These patients underwent aspiration of the cyst contents and biopsy of the cyst wall. Postoperative follow-up endocrinologic evaluation performed more than 3 months after surgery showed improvement in pituitary function in 9 out of 13 patients (69%). Amenorrhea and/or galactorrhea recovered or improved in 100% of patients and visual disturbance improved in 89%. However, diabetes insipidus and panhypopituitarism did not improve postoperatively, in any patient. The results of the present study indicate that the incidence of pituitary dysfunction in patients with Rathke's cleft cyst is higher than suspected and in most cases surgical intervention improves pituitary function and the clinical status of the patient. Therefore, surgical treatment is recommended even when the patient has only mild symptoms or signs, including pituitary dysfunction, to prevent irreversible panhypopituitarism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Inhibitory effects of antagonists of bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) and somatostatin analog (RC-160) on growth of HT-29 human colon cancers in nude mice.

Nude mice bearing xenografts of HT-29 human colon cancer cell line were treated for 4 weeks with somatostatin analog (RC-160), bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) antagonists (RC-3095 and RC-3440). In three separate experiments somatostatin analog RC-160 (50 micrograms/day) released from microgranules significantly reduced tumor growth. Bombesin/GRP antagonists, RC-3095 and RC-3440 injected subcutaneously (s.c.) twice daily at a dose of 10 micrograms had the greatest and consistently significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth. RC-3095 given once daily s.c. at a dose of 20 micrograms was less effective. RC-3095 also inhibited metastatic tumor growth after intrasplenic injection of HT-29 cells in nude mice. Specific binding sites of somatostatin, bombesin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were detected on intact HT-29 cells or on the membranes from HT-29 tumor xenografts. The inhibitory effects of bombesin antagonists on tumor growth were consistently linked with a significant down-regulation of EGF receptors. Bombesin/GRP antagonists and somatostatin analogs could be considered for the development of new hormonal therapies for colon cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Disorder in ultrastructure of basement membrane and mechanical junction in human esophageal cancer.

The ultrastructure and clinical significance of the basement membrane (BM) are still unclear in esophageal cancer. In this report, we examined the ultrastructure of the BM and microstructures related intercellular adhesion in squamous cell carcinoma of human esophagus using a transmission electron microscope, and investigated their clinical significance. BM was absent in 38% of the examined cases and the frequency or the presence of the microstructures of cancer cells of the infiltrating margin (CCIM) was negatively related to the presence of BM (BM-P); CCIM of BM-P tumors often had smaller number per cell of desmosomes and cytoplasmic processes. These results indicate that CCIM of BM-P tumor are in an 'inconvenient status' for tumor cells to form a firm group. In the intercellular space between CCIM and BM or surrounding stromal cells, all of the CCIM of BM-P tumors had hemidesmosomes, but not those of BM absent (BM-A) tumors. Though no statistical significant difference was found in our clinical observation between BM-P and BM-A tumors, the present study suggested that a considerable proportion of cancer cells have abnormal intercellular adhesiveness via a mechanical mechanism related to the presence or absence of BM.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1994

Effect of vitamin E on 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced lung tumorigenesis in mice.

Oxidative stress may play a partial role in chemically induced tumorigenesis in mice. Herein, we investigated the preventive effect of vitamin E on 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO)-induced oxidative damage on pulmonary nuclei and lung tumorigenesis in mice. At 4 weeks after 4NQO injection, the levels of nuclear thiobarbituric acid substances (TBARS) and DNA single strand breaks (DNA-SSB) in the lungs of mice treated with 4NQO were significantly higher than those in the control mice. The 4NQO-induced oxidative stress on the nuclei and DNA-SSB were significantly inhibited by vitamin E treatment. The nuclear alpha-tocopherol level in the 4NQO-treated group was significantly lower than that in the control, but the plasma alpha-tocopherol level in the former was slightly lower than that in the latter. Vitamin E feeding compensated the decrease of the level in the nuclei and plasma. The feeding on excessive vitamin E for 23 weeks after 4NQO injection could partly reduce the lung tumor incidence as well as lung tumor multiplicity in mice. These findings suggest that vitamin E could partly suppress 4NQO-induced lung tumorigenesis in mice, probably through the inhibition of 4NQO-induced oxidative damage on the nuclei.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1994

Fibromuscular dysplasia as a cause of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

A 53-year-old woman presented with abdominal discomfort and was diagnosed using ultrasonography to have an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Aortography revealed a saccular aneurysm 4 cm in diameter of the infrarenal aorta with a 'string of beads' appearance. The renal and other visceral arteries appeared to be normal. Resection and graft replacement was performed because of the possibility of rupture. Histological examination of the specimen revealed the most common type of fibromuscular dysplasia, namely medial fibroplasia. Fibromuscular dysplasia should be considered as a potential cause of abdominal aortic aneurysm in female patients with no atherosclerosis risk factors.

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal↗
PubMed1994

[Lymphocyte phenotype and cytokine mRNA expression of steady-state asthma BALF cells].

Recently, the roles of inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of asthma have been emphasized. To elucidate the roles of T lymphocytes in local inflammatory sites in asthma, we examined T cell phenotypes with flow cytometry and carried out cytokine message amplification phenotyping (MAPPing) of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells taken from patients with steady-state asthma (n = 11). The percentage of CD4+ T cells in total lymphocytes correlated significantly (r = 0.784, p < 0.005) with that of lymphocytes in total CD45+ BAL cells. The positivities of T cell activation markers (CD25, HLA-DR) in CD4+ T cells were inversely correlated with the ratio of CD3+ T cells to total CD45+ BAL cells (CD25, r = 0.648, p = -0.059, HLA-DR, r = -0.741, p < 0.05). Most CD4+ T cells were of the CD45 RO+ "memory" phenotype. With cytokine MAPPing, IL-2 or IFN gamma were detected in only 2 of 11 patients, but IL4 or IL-5 were detected in 8 patients. These results suggest that non-activated TH2 type memory CD4+ T cells accumulate in local inflammatory sites of the bronchi of patients with steady-state asthma, and that these cells releases cytokines (IL-4, IL-5) when activated by some stimuli, which can lead to an asthma attack.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The first site of recurrence after complete resection in non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Comparison between pN0 disease and pN2 disease.

In the present study, we assessed whether the pattern of postoperative recurrence of non-small-cell lung cancer differed between patients with pathologic N0 disease and those with pathologic N2 disease. We reviewed 231 patients with pathologic N0 disease and 63 with pathologic N2 disease, who had undergone a complete resection from 1980 to 1990, and investigated the first recurrence sites. Seventy-two patients with pathologic N0 disease and 52 with pathologic N2 disease were found to have had postoperative recurrence. Both pathologic N0 disease and pathologic N2 disease recur frequently in distant organs, and the ratio of distant metastasis to local recurrence did not differ between the two diseases. The brain, lung, and bone were the common initial metastatic sites in both pathologic N0 disease and pathologic N2 disease. The brain was the most frequent site of distant metastasis in patients with pathologic N0 disease, whereas, on the other hand, pulmonary metastasis was observed more frequently than brain metastasis in those with pathologic N2 disease. Despite histologic types, the presence of different patterns of initial metastatic sites between pathologic N0 and pathologic N2 diseases was observed. Our results suggest that the sites of metastasis after resection depend largely on such anatomic factors as drainage routes. Namely, in contrast to pathologic N0 disease, pathologic N2 disease has an additional drainage route, which is from the N2 nodes to the superior vena cava (pulmonary circulation). Therefore, the frequency of pulmonary metastasis may increase in patients with pathologic N2 disease.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1994

The correlation between tumor size and lymphatic vessel invasion in resected peripheral stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. A potential risk of limited resection.

We attempted to clarify whether a correlation exists between tumor size and the incidence of lymphatic vessel invasion in peripheral non-small-cell lung cancer without regional lymph node metastasis. The study included 212 resected non-small-cell lung cancers classified as pathologic stage I disease and located on the periphery of the lung. The incidence of lymphatic vessel invasion was relatively correlated with the maximum diameter of the tumor as follows: 25% (1/4) for tumor size 1.0 cm or less, 40% (19/48) for size 1.1 to 2.0 cm, 49% (28/58) for size 2.1 to 3.0 cm, and 57% (58/102) for tumor size 3.1 cm or more. The incidence of lymphatic vessel invasion of tumors measuring 3 cm or less in greatest dimension was 44% (48/110). The degree of lymphatic vessel invasion of 20 resected tumor samples measuring 3 cm or less in greatest diameter with hilar lymph node metastasis was also examined for comparison. This figure was as high as 85%. These observations suggest that even small peripheral tumors without any regional lymph node metastasis have a relatively high rate of lymphatic vessel invasion and thus pose a potential risk of local recurrence after a limited resection, especially in a wedge resection of the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Coronary intervention in patients less than 40 years of age].

Forty-eight patients less than 40 years of age who underwent coronary intervention (coronary artery bypass grafting, CABG or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, PTCA) were identified and compared with a control group (patients more than 40 years of age who underwent coronary intervention). In addition, the treatment of hyperlipidemia after coronary intervention was studied in patients who required re-intervention and in those who were event free. There were no early nor late deaths and good early results were obtained in young patients, but late follow-up demonstrated that a re-intervention rate in young CABG patients was significantly higher than that in patients aged over 40 years (23.3% vs 9.3%), while in PTCA patients it was also higher in younger patients than in older patients (5.6% vs 1.3%). However, early results in PTCA patients showed the restenosis rate in young patients was significantly lower than that in older patients (7.7% vs 40.7%). Event free curve showed that earlier re-intervention was necessary for PTCA patients than for CABG patients. Hyperlipidemia was not well controlled by treatment in either group. The use of arterial grafts will improve the late results of younger patients. The patency of grafts and the quality of life of young patients should be the focus of future investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Postrecurrent survival of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer undergoing a complete resection.

The postrecurrent survival of 215 patients who had undergone a complete resection of non-small-cell lung cancer was examined on the basis of various factors, which included gender (female, male), age (< 65, > or = 65), the pathologic stage of disease at the time of operation (I, II, III), histologic type (squamous cell, nonsquamous cell carcinoma), type of operation (pneumonectomy, other), the selection of adjuvant treatment before recurrence (no treatment, mild chemotherapy, intensive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy), recurrent site (local, distant), and the disease-free interval (< or = 365, > or = 365 days). A univariate analysis of the postrecurrent survival showed that the significant factors influencing the survival consisted of gender, pathologic stage, recurrent site, selection of adjuvant treatment, and the disease-free interval. Namely, female patients or patients who had pathologic stage I disease, local recurrence, no adjuvant treatment, or a disease-free interval of more than 365 days would be expected to have a prolonged survival after recurrence. Of the five significant factors, only two factors (gender and the selection of the adjuvant treatment) were found to be predominant postrecurrent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. These observations suggest that the biologic behavior of a recurrent tumor may therefore be influenced by gender and adjuvant treatment before recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Oral complication of sublabial transsphenoidal approach and advantage of endonasal transsphenoidal approach].

In order to know the exact incidence of oral complications due to the sublabial transsphenoidal approach, the authors meticulously heard the complaints of 46 patients, who had undergone the approach more than 3 months before. The incidence of the patients who had one or more complaints concerning the oral region was 52.2%. Dysesthesia of the upper lip was most frequent (37%), followed by upper lip pain (17.4%). These complaints were more marked in two patients who had undergone operations using the sublabial approach twice. Among the nine patients with dentures, the dentures had to be remade in three patients because of gigival atrophy several months after the use of the sublabial approach. With a view to overcoming these complications, the authors adapted the endonasal transsphenoidal approach in 13 patients. There was no inconvenience during surgery while this approach was being used, and there were no postoperative oral complications. Among three patients using dentures, there were none who needed remodeling of their dentures. In nine patients, the tension reducing incision was made in the bottom of the columella, which caused no cosmetic problem. Furthermore, the time consumed for approaching the sphenoid sinus was less than that required when using the sublabial approach. In conclusion, the following type of patient is believed to be an appropriate candidate for endonasal approach. A patient who has a relatively smaller sellar lesion and 1) An acromegalic patient whose nostril is relatively large, 2) An elderly patient using dentures, 3) A patient who has undergone previous transsphenoidal surgery, or 4) A patient whose columellar crease is hidden.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenoma↗
PubMed1994

[A case report of surgical treatment for coronary aneurysm following repeated PTCA].

A 53-year-old man who developed coronary artery aneurysm following repeated percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was reported. At the first coronary angiography, the severity of coronary stenosis was 95% at areas #6 and #7. The first PTCA provided sufficient coronary dilatation, but 3 months later, PTCA was needed again because of the recurrence of stenosis. This second PTCA provided sufficient dilatation, but the coronary dissection remained. Eight months after the second PTCA, the patient suffered from recurrent angina. The repeated coronary angiography showed 95% stenosis of the original lesion and coronary aneurysm formation (4 mm in diameter) at the area of dissection which developed at the former PTCA site. Therefore, coronary artery bypass surgery with left internal thoracic artery to area #8 was performed.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1994

[A case of advanced gastric cancer surviving 3 years and 6 months after resection of Krukenberg's tumor].

Total gastrectomy was performed in a patient with an advanced gastric cancer (stage III). One year and eleven months postoperatively, Krukenberg's tumor was recognized and the prognosis was considered to be poor. A recurrence of ascites was identified. After resection of tumor, CDDP was administered intraperitoneally, and 5-FU tablets were administered orally as a maintenance therapy for a long term. The patient has continued to be in a good condition without any sign of recurrence for three years and six months (ie, five years and five months after previous gastrectomy).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Surgical results and prognostic factors of pathologic N1 disease in non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Significance of N1 level: lobar or hilar nodes.

The surgical outcome of pathologic N1 disease is controversial. To clarify whether pathologic N1 disease is a uniformly intermediate group or a mixed group of potentially early stage disease and advanced stage disease, we reviewed our previous cases with pathologic N1 disease. We retrospectively investigated 78 patients with pathologic N1 disease who had undergone a complete resection with mediastinal lymph node dissection during the period from April 1972 to December 1990. The cumulative postoperative survival at 5 years was 49.2%. No significant difference in the survival was found according to the following variables: sex, primary site, pathologic T factor, histologic type, type of resection, performance of adjuvant therapy. The lobar lymph nodes (Nos. 12 and 13) were only involved in 30 patients (38.5%), whereas the hilar nodes (Nos. 10 and 11) were involved in 48 patients (61.5%). The survival associated with lobar N1 disease was significantly better than that of hilar N1 disease (64.5% versus 39.7% at 5 years; p = 0.014). In lobar N1 disease, the brain was the most frequent site of distant metastasis, whereas the lungs were the most frequent site in hilar N1 disease. It was suggested that pathologic N1 disease is a mixed group of potentially early stage disease and advanced stage disease with regard to the postoperative prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Mixed angioma of the brain: report of two cases].

Clinical features of two patients with mixed angiomas are presented. One patient with a cerebral venous angioma with arterial components was successfully treated with radiation therapy; and the other, who had a common draining vein with cerebellar arteriovenous malformation and venous angioma, was treated with surgical removal of the arteriovenous malformation. These two cases suggested that there is a similarity between the pathogenesis of arteriovenous malformation and venous angioma in the brain.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Local recurrence after complete resection for non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Significance of local control by radiation treatment.

Of 471 patients undergoing a complete resection for non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung between 1972 and 1989, 40 patients (8.5%) had local recurrences without extrathoracic distant metastasis. Excluding 8 patients who had malignant pleural effusion, we selected 32 patients (24 with hilar-mediastinal lymph node, 6 with bronchial stump, and 2 with chest wall recurrence) from the 40 patients and assessed the significance of local control by radiotherapy. The median length of survival after disease recurrence for these 32 patients was 19 months. Of 29 patients given radiation treatment, 16 who responded to the treatment survived significantly longer than nonresponders (median survival time 27 months versus 6 months, p < 0.01). Univariate analyses of survival after recurrences in relation to various factors revealed that sex and disease-free intervals were significant prognostic factors (p < 0.05) other than the effect of radiotherapy. A multivariate analysis showed that the effect of radiotherapy was the predominant prognostic factor. From these results, we conclude that local control with radiation is beneficial in patients with solely locally recurrent tumors in terms of improved survival.

Adult↗