Identification of hematopoietic stem cells by the SE-9000 automated hematology analyzer in peripheral blood stem cell harvest samples.
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Antigens, CD34↗
Biomedical subjects
T Yamane
Publications and source records attributed to T Yamane.
Effects of volume loading on pulmonary venous flow and its relation to left atrial functions.
Although pulmonary venous (PV) flow is closely related to left atrial (LA) pressure dynamics, few investigators have discussed it in relation to LA functions, i.e., reservoir, conduit, and booster pump functions. We examined changes in PV flow rate, LA dimension, and left ventricular filling volume in 11 dogs, and assessed the effects of multistaged volume loading on PV flow and LA functions. Systolic PV flow rate (S) increased significantly and reached a plateau, reflecting a limited LA reservoir function. Diastolic PV flow rate (D) increased significantly with an increase in LA pressure. S/D ratio increased non-significantly from 0.87 +/- 0.07 before volume loading to 0.96 +/- 0.08 until S reached a plateau and then decreased to 0.76 +/- 0.08 (p < 0.05) because of a significant increase in D without an increase in S at the higher stages of volume loading. During atrial contraction, increases in LA active shortening and left ventricular filling volume were limited, indicating a limited LA forward ejection. The difference between PV flow rate just before and at the end of atrial contraction increased and correlated positively with left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (r = 0.57, p < 0.01). PV flow varies according to the degree of volume loading and reflects LA functions, which exhibit limited increases in response to volume loading.
Animals↗
[A case of infected subdural hematoma complicating chronic subdural hematoma in a healthy adult man].
The authors report a case of so-called "infected subdural hematoma" as a complication of chronic subdural hematoma. The patient was a 55-year-old man who had sustained a small laceration of the forehead in a traffic accident on March 29, 1995. No fractures were detected on skull roentgenograms, and general and neurological examinations failed to reveal any abnormal findings. In early August 1995, the patient began to experience headaches, and on August 5 he developed a fever of 38 degrees C. On August 8 he suffered a left motor seizure and was admitted to our hospital. Laboratory studies revealed a peripheral leukocyte count of 10,800/mm3 and a C-reactive protein level of 18.1 mg/dl. Computed tomography scans showed a thick right fronto-parietal subdural low density mass and a thin left frontal subdural low density mass. An emergency operation was performed via a single right fronto-parietal burr hole. A chronic subdural hematoma containing slightly yellowish, bloody, purulent fluid was found beneath an outer membrane. The hematoma was irrigated with physiological saline containing antibiotics, and a drain was inserted into the subdural space. A subdural membrane was also present on the left but it contained no pus. Aggressive antibiotic therapy was performed, and the patient was discharged without any neurological deficit. Histologically the membrane was determined to be the outer membrane of a typical chronic subdural hematoma. Enterococcus faecalis, which has rarely been reported to cause infection of the central nervous system, was detected in a bacterial culture of the pus. Systemic investigation showed no evidence of otorhinologic or other focal infection. The above clinical findings suggested that hematogenous seeding of a chronic subdural hematoma had occurred in this patient. Subdural empyema arising from hematogenous seeding to a pre-existing subdural hematoma by an infection is very rare, but this type of complication must be kept in mind not only in the elderly, infants, and compromised hosts, but in patients without complications as well.
Chronic Disease↗
[Chronic myelogenous leukemia expressing two bcr-abl chimeric mRNA; a case report].
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) expresses two types of bcr-abl chimeric mRNA. One is b3a2 type in which bcr exon 3 binds to abl exon 2, the other is b2a2 type that bcr exon 2 binds to abl exon 2. Either bcr-abl is normally expressed, but both types of bcr-abl mRNA can be expressed at the same time in a patient. We report here a rare case of CML expressing two types of bcr-abl mRNA and discuss the possibility that this double expression would help to monitor the clinical course of CML.
Adult↗
In vitro expansion of mature neutrophils from isolated peripheral blood stem cells.
Hematopoietic stem cells, CD34 positive cells, were isolated from the peripheral blood of three patients with malignant lymphoma, and were cultivated in suspension for 14 days in the presence of cytokines, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-3 and stem cell factor. The stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation into mature neutrophils was most effective when all these cytokines were used in combination. Mature neutrophils differentiated in vitro gained the ability to ingest latex spheres and to produce hydrogen peroxide in response to phorbol myristate acetate. These findings raise the possibility that the prolonged neutropenia following high dose chemotherapy could be ameliorated by the transfusion of autologous neutrophils expanded and differentiated in vitro.
Adult↗
A preliminary study of HLA class II alleles in Thai patients with non Hodgkin's lymphoma.
The HLA class II alleles were analyzed by the PCR-SSP technique in the DNA samples obtained from 27 Thai patients with non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). It was found that (1) the incidence of HLA-DRB1*15 and HLA-DRB1*09 was slightly decreased (P > 0.05). On the other hand, the incidence of HLA-DQB1 alleles was the same as control. However, further study is suggested in order to conclude the close relationship between the presence of certain HLA class II alleles and susceptibility to NHL in Thai patients.
Adult↗
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils in saliva and blood: a comparative study of morphology, function and phenotype.
The morphology, phagocytic activity, production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1; CD11a/CD18), complement receptor type 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), p150,95 (CD11c/CD18), and platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1; CD31) by oral polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are assessed and the results compared with those of blood PMN. There were no differences in the morphology and phagocytic activity between oral and blood PMN. H2O2 production was measured following stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and N-formyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP) as indicators of bactericidal activity. There was a significant difference in the H2O2 production by the two groups when stimulated with FMLP; the level of H2O2 production by oral PMN was significantly higher than that by blood PMN. However, there was no significant difference in H2O2 production between oral and blood PMN when stimulated with PMA. The percentage of CD11a- and CD11c-positive concentrated oral PMN was significantly lower than that seen in blood PMN, as was the percentage of CD31-positive cells. Higher H2O2 production by oral PMN following stimulation with FMLP may result in enhanced bactericidal activity. Low expression of CD31 may lead to the accumulation of PMN in the mouth by blocking their return to the bloodstream. These phenomena may be necessary for oral PMN to protect periodontal tissues from bacteria in the mouth.
Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
Inhibition of mucosal lipid hyperoxidation by green tea extract in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colonic carcinogenesis.
Phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) measured using a chemiluminescence detector to examine colonic mucosal lipid hyperoxidation increased after injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and green tea extract (GTE), which we previously showed inhibited carcinogenesis and oxidative DNA damage in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the hyperoxidation of membrane phospholipids reflected well the degree of DNA damage and carcinogenic alteration, and may be a useful intermediate biomarker for initiation of carcinogenesis.
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
Inhibitory effects and toxicity of green tea polyphenols for gastrointestinal carcinogenesis.
BACKGROUND: Recently, and epidemiologic study showed a lower risk of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis in green tea drinkers. An experiment on two-stage skin carcinogenesis in mice showed that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), one of the main constituents of green tea, inhibited tumor formation. METHODS: The inhibitory effects of EGCG and green tea extract (GTE) on N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroguanidine (ENNG)-induced duodenal carcinogenesis in the mouse, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced carcinogenesis of the glandular stomach in the rat, and azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat were examined. The toxicity of GTE was assessed experimentally and GTE was applied clinically in normal volunteers to determine the effective dose and to assess its harmful effects. RESULTS: EGCG and GRE inhibited chemical carcinogenesis of the gastrointestinal tract in rodents. Judging from the epidemiologic and experimental findings, it was determined that 1 g per day of GTE might be an effective dose. GTE was not toxic and no harmful effect was found during its clinical use. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that EGCG and GTE are useful in preventing gastrointestinal carcinogenesis, and the clinical usefulness of GTE, which has no harmful effects and is inexpensive, should be studied further.
Animals↗
Functional linkage of the cardiac ATP-sensitive K+ channel to the actin cytoskeleton.
The role of the cytoskeleton in the rundown and reactivation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensitive K+ channels (KATP channels) was examined by perturbing selectively the intracellular surface of inside-out membrane patches excised from guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. Actin filament-depolymerizing agents (cytochalasins and desoxyribonuclease I) accelerated channel rundown, while actin filament stabilizer (phalloidin) or phosphatidylinositol biphosphate (PIP2; inhibitor of F-actin-severing proteins) inhibited spontaneous and/or Ca2+-induced rundown. When rundown was induced by cytochalasin D or by long exposure to high Ca2+, channel activity could not be restored by exposure to MgATP, but application of F-actin with MgATP could reinstitute channel activity. The processes of rundown and reactivation of cardiac KATP channels may thus be influenced by the assembly and disassembly of the actin cytoskeletal network, which provides a novel regulatory mechanism of this channel.
Actins↗
Spatial and temporal expression of P-glycoprotein in the congenitally hydrocephalic HTX rat brain.
The purpose of the present study is to examine spatial and temporal expression of P-glycoprotein in the brain of congenitally hydrocephalic HTX rats. P-glycoprotein has been reported not only as a drug efflux pump but also one of the factors that restricts brain edema. We examined the rat brain from postnatal day 1 to 60 using light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, Western immunoblot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods with monoclonal antibody specific for P-glycoprotein. Immunohistochemically, the positive anti-P-glycoprotein reactivity was found in capillaries of the normal control rat cerebrum. In the hydrocephalic HTX rat brains, it was also found in the capillaries, but only very weak to no reactivity was found in the capillaries of the spongy changes and cystic wall in the subcortical and lateral periventricular white matter. Immunoelectron microscopically, the reaction product was found exclusively on the luminal surface of the capillary endothelium in control rats. A tracer study with intracardiac perfusion of lanthanum chloride showed that lanthanum penetrated the tight junctions and passed through the intercellular space. In the Western immunoblot analysis, P-glycoprotein of 170 kDa was detected clearly in most normal control rat brains but it was not found in the hydrocephalic HTX rat brains. Moreover, mdr1 P-glycoprotein gene expression in the subcortical white matter was examined by RT-PCR. It was detected in all normal control rat brains, but not found in the hydrocephalic HTX rat brains. The results suggested that the absence of P-glycoprotein expression in the capillaries of deep subcortical and lateral periventricular white matter of hydrocephalic HTX rats led to a deficiency of the blood-brain barrier and might be related to vasogenic edema and to the formation of the spongy changes and cystic cavities.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
Clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer in the elderly.
The clinicopathological features of 380 elderly patients 70 years of age or older with gastric cancer were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records between 1969 and 1993. They were then compared with 1134 middle-aged patients between 40 and 69 years. The elderly constituted 18.4% of all gastric cancer patients 20 years ago but now comprise 24.4% of all patients in the most recent decade, despite the overall decrease in the rate of gastric cancer. The distinguishing histological features of gastric cancer in the elderly were an intestinal type of cancer, expansive tumour growth and synchronous multiplicity of the lesions. Elderly patients had a similar rate of tumour extension but had poorer survival as compared with the middle-aged patients. Post-operative death within 30 days after surgery was also higher in the elderly than in the middle-aged patients.
Adolescent↗
Multiple primary cancers with microsatellite instability: report of a case.
We report here a patient who developed a variety of tumors both synchronously and metachronously over a 2-year period. The involved organs were the uterus, ureter, and small and large intestines. The patient underwent open surgery 3 times and polypectomies 6 times. Postoperative histopathologic analysis showed 2 adenomas and 8 carcinomas. Genetic analysis revealed microsatellite instabilities at the tested loci in all 10 tumors, indicating that replication errors played an essential role in the tumorigenesis. Early identification of microsatellite instability could be useful for predicting development of additional primary cancers.
DNA, Neoplasm↗
Proliferation marker MIB-1 correlates well with proliferative activity evaluated by BrdU in breast cancer: an immunohistochemical study including correlation with PCNA, p53, c-erbB-2 and estrogen receptor status.
The proliferative activity of 30 cases of non-treated invasive ductal breast carcinoma was evaluated by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), proliferation marker (MIB-1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and the relation between these proliferation markers and histological subtype and histological grade were investigated. In addition, the association of these proliferation markers with overexpression of p53 protein, c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, estrogen receptor (ER) status and clinicopathologic findings were also examined. The BrdU labeling index (LI), MIB-1 score and PCNA labeling rate (LR) correlated with the histological grade. However, there was no statistical difference in proliferative activity among the histological subtypes. A linear strong correlation was demonstrated between BrdU LI and MIB-1 score (r = 0.732). Significant correlation was also found between BrdU LI and PCNA LR (r = 0.446); however, the relation between MIB-1 score and PCNA LR was weak. BrdU LI and MIB-1 score correlated positively with tumor size, TNM stage and overexpression of p53, and negatively with the presence of ER. PCNA LR correlated only with p53. These results indicate that MIB-1 is closely associated with BrdU in clinicopathologic findings and is a more useful tool for evaluating cell proliferation than PCNA. However, it will be necessary to consider the clinical significance of MIB-1 immunohistochemistry cautiously until further widespread clinical and pathological studies are performed.
Adult↗
Histological grade in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast correlates with the proliferative activity evaluated by BrdU: an immunohistochemical study including correlations with p53, c-erbB-2 and estrogen receptor status.
Thirty cases of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were classified to histological subtype according to the General Rules for Clinical and Pathological Recording of Breast Cancer of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society and histologically graded using the Nottingham method and the correlation of histology with proliferative activity was investigated using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). In addition, the overexpression of p53 protein, c-erbB-2 oncoprotein and estrogen receptor (ER) were immunohistochemically examined in order to discuss the relationship with histological subtype and histological grade. Histological grade correlated positively to the BrdU labeling index (LI) and overexpression of p53. High grade carcinoma demonstrated c-erbB-2 more frequently and exhibited a low incidence of ER. However, no significant relationship was found between BrdU LI, overexpression of p53 and c-erbB-2 and histological subtype. These results suggest that the histological grade does represent the proliferative activity of tumor cells and that adding the histological grade to the pathological diagnosis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma may be useful from the clinicopathological aspect concerning tumor behavior.
Adult↗
A quantitative visualization study of flow in a scaled-up model of a centrifugal blood pump.
A quantitative flow visualization study of a scaled-up model of a centrifugal blood pump was performed. Since the size of the scaled-up model was three times as large as the original pump under development, and the kinematic viscosity of the saline solution used as the working fluid was approximately one-third that of the blood, we obtained a similar flow at one twenty-seventh the angular velocity of the original pump. The flow was visualized by seeding the saline solution with neutrally buoyant particles and by illuminating the model with a laser light sheet. Since the gap flow behind the impeller is important for thrombus formation, it was recorded by a high-speed video camera, and the velocity field was evaluated automatically by particle tracking velocimetry. It was shown that in the gap behind the impeller there existed a region where the velocity profile was almost flat which can be called a core region. The results indicated the effectiveness of the present visualization technique for centrifugal blood pumps.
Biomechanical Phenomena↗
Pharmacokinetics of KRM-1648, a new benzoxazinorifamycin, in rats and dogs.
The pharmacokinetics of 3'-hydroxy-5'-(4-isobutyl-1-piperazinyl) benzoxazinorifamycin (KRM-1648) in rats and dogs given a single oral dose of 3, 30, or 100 mg/kg of body weight were studied. In the rats, the concentrations of KRM-1648 in plasma, whole blood, and tissues peaked between 2.0 and 24.0 h, with elimination half-lives ranging from 6.2 to 19.5 h. The peak concentrations and the areas under the concentration-versus-time curves (AUC) for whole blood and tissues were 2 to 277 times higher than those for plasma. The high levels of KRM-1648 in tissues were consistent with its large volume of distribution (in excess of 10 liters/kg). A nonlinear increase in peak concentrations and AUCs for plasma, whole blood, and tissues occurred as the dose was increased and was consistent with the dose-dependent decrease in bioavailability. In the dogs, KRM-1648 levels in plasma and whole blood also exhibited a late time to the peak concentration (ranging from 4.0 to 11.2 h), a long elimination half-life (ranging from 15.2 to 24.0 h), and nonlinear kinetics. KRM-1648 exhibited high levels of plasma protein binding (more than 99%) and a high degree of affinity for lipoproteins in the plasma of both animals. After administration of KRM-1648, measurable levels of its metabolites, 25-deacetyl KRM-1648 in rats and 25-deacetyl KRM-1648 and 30-hydroxy KRM-1648 in dogs, were found in the biological samples tested. Thus, KRM-1648 is characterized by a high tissue affinity, a long elimination half-life, and nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
Animals↗
Growth-Associated Production of Poly(3-Hydroxyvalerate) from n-Pentanol by a Methylotrophic Bacterium, Paracoccus denitrificans.
Paracoccus denitrificans accumulated a polyester in its cells during growth on n-pentanol. The composition of the polyester varied during the cultivation: the level of the 3-hydroxyvalerate unit in the polyester increased, and eventually a homopolymeric poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HV)] accumulated to an amount 22 to 24% of the cell dry weight. Growth-associated polyester synthesis was considerably affected by n-pentanol when its concentration was controlled at several levels. Maximum accumulation of the polyester was obtained at 0.02% (vol/vol). Physical and mechanical characteristics of the P(3HV) were determined and compared with those of other homo- and copolyesters. The P(3HV) was dextrorotatory and had number-averaged and weight-averaged molecular masses of 128,000 and 888,000 Da, respectively, with a rate of polydispersity of 6.93. The level of tensile strength of the P(3HV) was lower, and its extension to break was higher than that of the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) homopolyester.
Journal Article↗