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Biomedical subjects

T Walter

Publications and source records attributed to T Walter.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of iron therapy on phagocytosis and bactericidal activity in neutrophils of iron-deficient infants.

Phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity of neutrophils were measured in 10 iron-deficient infants age 6-23 mo. All infants had hemoglobins less than 11 mg/dL with low saturation of transferrin and serum ferritin but were otherwise in good health. Neutrophil function and iron status were assessed at 0, 3-5, 15, 30, and 90 days of oral iron therapy. Phagocytosis was unaffected in iron deficiency and remained unchanged during therapy. Bactericidal capacity was severely impaired prior to treatment. After 3-5 days of ferrous sulfate administration, there was no significant improvement. At day 15 it returned to normal ranges and remained so at days 30 and 90. The sequence of events suggests that iron does not have a direct effect upon circulating neutrophils but, rather, that it is required during the development of neutrophils in the bone marrow.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1984

Effect of early iron deficiency on reactivity of the rat parietal association cortex.

The effect of early iron deficiency on the reactivity of the rat parietal association cortex was studied by determining excitability thresholds, fatigability and extension of the responsive field to direct cortical stimulation. Iron deficiency during the period of rapid brain growth caused a significant increase of cortical chronaxie values as well as increased fatigability of direct cortical responses, indicating a detrimental effect on the axodendritic synapses. Since the parietal association area plays an important role in brain association processes, a dysfunction of this cortical area could be a causal link between early iron deficiency and behavioral or learning deficits.

Anemia↗
PubMed1983

Effect of mild iron deficiency on infant mental development scores.

To evaluate the effects of short-term iron therapy on developmental test scores of infants with varying stages of iron deficiency, 37 infants, all 15 months of age, were tested with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development before and 11 days after beginning a trial of orally administered iron therapy. They were separated into three groups according to iron status: 12 controls, with normal iron nutrition; 11 with mild anemia, i.e., hemoglobin less than 11.0 gm/dl but greater than 8.5 gm/dl; and 15 with iron deficiency without anemia, i.e., Hgb greater than or equal to 11.0 gm/dl but at least one abnormal biochemical measure of iron nutrition (transferrin saturation, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, or serum ferritin). The Mental Development Index was significantly lower in the anemic infants before treatment, as compared with that of normal controls. Improvement with iron therapy was also significant in those with anemia and in nonanemic patients with two or more biochemical indicators of iron deficiency. The rise in Mental Development Index was associated with improvement in attention span and cooperativeness. These findings suggest that mild iron deficiency has an effect on infant behavior that is rapidly reversible with iron therapy.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1982

Effect of hydrocortisone on the growth of human bone marrow fibroblasts.

Fibroblast-like cells may be grown from human bone marrow. Adherent cultures show a logarithmic phase of growth lasting 6 d. Hydrocortisone (1 x 10(-8) M) decreases cell growth in 40-60% when measured as cell number and DNA synthesis. Fibroblasts bind the hormone by a high affinity, saturable process showing a Kd of 2.2 x 10(-8) M and an average binding capacity of 92 fmol/mg protein. These findings suggest the involvement of glucocorticoids in the regulation and differentiation processes in bone marrow stromal cells.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1980

Efficacy of three projective techniques in differentiating brain damage among subjects with normal IQs.

Obtained substantial differentiation between brain-damaged (N = 25) and non-brain-damaged (N = 25) groups of average intelligence with the WAIS, Rorschach and Hand Test. The use of projective tests in diagnosing neurological impairment was encouraged, but it was cautioned that brain damage and IQ are heavily interrleated, sometimes in complex ways, and that reliable signs of organicity may vary with the Ss level of intelligence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

G6PD San Francisco: a new variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase associated with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia.

Congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia in an adult male of Scandinavian ancestry was associated with virtual absence of G6PD activity in red cells. Characterization of G6PD purified from leukocytes using standard WHO techniques revealed diminished electrophoretic mobility, marked lability on heating at 46 degrees C, normal pH optimum and utilization of alternate substrates (2-deoxy G6P, D-amino NADP), elevated Km NADP, and striking susceptibility to NADPH inhibition. The variant G6PD, which appears to be unique, has been designated G6PD San Francisco. An unusual feature of the variant enzyme, susceptibility to inactivation by brief periods of dialysis, could be prevented by addition of 200 microM NADP to the dialysis solution. In red cells, where G6PD activity was essentially absent, regeneration of reduced glutathione was totally curtailed in vitro, while in leukocytes, where residual G6PD activity was approximately 60% of normal, hexose monophosphate shunt activity, oxygen consumption during phagocytosis, and bacterial killing were unimpaired. Thus, instability of the variant enzyme rather than its unfavorable kinetics appeared to be an important determinant of abnormal cell function.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Differentiation of brain damage among low IQ subjects with three projective techniques.

Using a battery of three projective techniques (Rorschach, Hand Test, Bender-Gestalt) only slight discrimination was found between low IQ subjects classified according to the presence or absence of brain trauma (exogenous vs endogenous), while substantial discrimination was obtained between the same subjects categorized in terms of "lower" (60-74) and "higher" (75-89) FS WAIS IQ. All four groups used in this study had been first equated on sex and age. Results were interpreted as supporting the position that some sort of brain impairment underlies most or all retardation. Question was raised concerning the efficacy of projective techniques for diagnosing organicity in subjects of average or better intelligence.

Adolescent↗