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Biomedical subjects

T Wada

Publications and source records attributed to T Wada.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Diffuse form of primary leptomeningeal gliomatosis. Case report.

Primary leptomeningeal gliomatosis is rare, and the diffuse form is even rarer with only three cases reported in the literature. A fourth case is described in this report. Computerized tomography (CT) findings showed hydrocephalus with enhancement of the cerebral cisterns, and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid obtained by lumbar puncture showed many atypical cells. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of leptomeningeal tumor was made. There was some improvement in neurological and CT findings following radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Relation of blood glucose levels to the changes in plasma levels of various hydrolytic enzymes in diabetic patients.

Plasma levels of various hydrolytic enzymes in diabetic patients, as diagnosed by their blood glucose levels, were compared with those of control subjects. Most of the levels of the aminopeptidase activities examined were significantly increased, while those of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and esterase decreased, in diabetic patients. The results of multivariate analysis suggest that the increased aminopeptidase activities are related rather to secondary organ lesions than to the primary pancreatic lesion. It seems that the blood glucose level is not necessarily a good indicator of metabolic abnormalities underlying this pathological condition.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1985

Influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, foroxymithine, on dynamic equilibrium around the renin-angiotensin system in vivo.

To understand the in vivo actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, a prolonged study was performed in rabbits over a half year, using one of such inhibitors, foroxymithine. During the initial 2 months of the inhibitor administration, the serum level of ACE was suppressed. Thereafter, probably triggered by the consequent sharp rise in the plasma renin activity (PRA) level, the ACE level regained its initial value. Thus the close correlation between the levels of PRA and ACE seen in the control animal was entirely broken by this inhibitor. A multivariate study indicated that the inhibitor drastically changed the normal networks of peptide metabolism in vivo. These results are compatible with the notion that the ACE inhibitor blocks the regulatory mechanisms of the renin-angiotensin system in vivo.

Angiotensin I↗
PubMed1985

Impaired production of interleukin-2 after surgery.

The capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) to produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) was studied serially before and following operation in patients undergoing various surgical procedures. In patients who had major surgery, significant decrease in IL-2 activity was observed 1, 3 and 6 days after operation as compared to that before surgery, although there was no significant change throughout the post-operative course in patients undergoing minor surgery. IL-2 activity returned to the pre-operative level by the 8th post-operative day. However, it remained significantly depressed 8 days after surgery in patients who had undergone major surgical procedures of more increasing severity. Distribution of T cell subsets, especially OKT4 positive cells, did not differ significantly from the pre-operative value throughout the post-operative course. However, the depressed production of IL-2 3 days after surgery could be abolished when adherent cells were removed from PBM by plastic adherence procedures. These results indicated that adherent cells, but not quantitative change in T cell subsets, might be responsible for the depression of IL-2 production after surgery.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1985

Systemic changes in hydrolytic enzyme activities in mice affected with murine leprosy.

In order to investigate the behavior of hydrolytic enzymes in chronic infections, the activities of 17 hydrolytic enzymes were tested in limb muscles, heart muscle, spleen, liver, and kidney of lepromatous mice infected with Mycobacterium lepraemurium (M. lepraemurium) and their controls. Typical increases in those enzymatic activities were seen in spleen and liver, where pathological changes were the most pronounced, especially at the 11th week after the inoculation of the bacilli. At the 16th week, the enzymatic changes became less remarkable probably because of the decreased viability of tissues in these organs. The enzymatic changes observed could not be explained as due to bacterial enzymes. These findings are compatible with the notion that the increases in hydrolytic enzyme activities are related to tissue damage caused by murine leprosy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Therapy for recurrent breast cancer].

A multimodal treatment strategy for recurrent breast cancer is described. Occasionally, there are a few patients who have no other detectable distant metastases at the time of locoregional recurrence or of appearance of solitary lung metastasis. In such cases, curative results may be obtained with surgical treatment. In cases too extensive for surgical resection, irradiation is the treatment choice for local control. Radiotherapy is also helpful for painful bone lesions. The important basis for the multimodal approach to recurrent breast cancer is a well-balanced combination of local therapy with surgery or irradiation and systemic polychemoendocrine therapy or polychemotherapy followed by maintenance therapy, to improve the quality of life and survival of patients. Concerning the combined chemoendocrine therapy, many investigators have reported an improved effect with simultaneous or sequential use, but not all of these studies have confirmed the advantage of combination therapy over endocrine- or chemo-therapy alone, either in response rate or survival time. Further prospective randomized studies correlating ER status are needed to evaluate this approach. Immunotherapy used as a maintenance therapy may prolong the duration of remission and survival time.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Experimental study on intrahepatic gas tensions measured by mass spectrometry: effect on temporary occlusion of the afferent hepatic circulation].

In 24 mongrel dogs, a mass spectrometer was utilized to measure intrahepatic pO2 and pCO2 levels subjected to various degrees of inspired oxygen concentration, or interruption of the afferent hepatic circulation. The mean intrahepatic pO2 and pCO2 levels in dogs breathing 70% O2 were 46.0 +/- 13.3(SD) mmHg and 27.4 +/- 13.0mmHg, respectively. Progressive rise of the intrahepatic pO2 and pCO2 was observed with increase in the arterial pO2 and pCO2 when the hepatic circulation was kept constant. When the hepatic artery was interrupted, mean intrahepatic pO2 fell rapidly to 20% of the control value, and mean intrahepatic pCO2 rose to 200%. Rather wide dispersion of the values among the experimental animals during the hepatic artery interruption was speculated to reflect the variety of collateral hepatic arterial supply and various degrees of congestion of portal blood flow. Transient decrease in the mean intrahepatic pO2 was observed following interruption of the portal vein. Intrahepatic pO2 rapidly fell to zero and pCO2 increased in a lineal fashion when the total hepatic circulation was interrupted. The latter rose to 453% of the control value 30 minutes after interruption, then the rate of rise gradually decreased until a plateau was reached one hour later. This decrease in the rate of rise in intrahepatic pCO2 was regarded to reflect the reduction of energy production through the anerobic pathway due to irreversible hepatic parenchymal degeneration. It is suggested that the measurement of intrahepatic gas tensions under various conditions by a mass spectrometer technique is useful for evaluating changes of intrahepatic microcirculation and dynamic aspects of anerobic metabolism of the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy of hepatic carcinoma using a totally-implantable Infusaid pump].

Three patients with primary carcinoma of the liver and 11 patients with metastatic carcinoma of the liver were treated by hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU and Mitomycin C (MMC), using a totally-implantable, percutaneously-refillable infusion pump: INFUSAID 210, 400. The infusion cannulae were placed into the hepatic arteries under direct vision on laparotomy, and the pumps were placed in subcutaneous pockets. The implanted pumps were well tolerated in these patients, who received chemotherapy as outpatients; the only adverse effects noted were related to 5-FU and MMC toxicity. The cumulative duration of successful infusion exceeded 104 months (for individual patients: range 2 to 20 months; average 7.4 months). Complications associated with conventional intraarterial chemotherapy (artery thrombosis, catheter sepsis and dislodgement, pump infusion variation and pump failure) were not seen with the INFUSAID delivery system. The pump is refilled every two weeks via percutaneous puncture. All therapy was given on an outpatient basis. Pump acceptance and tolerance was 100%. Our study using this infusion pump to deliver 5-FU and MMC has shown response rates of 66% (2/3) for primary carcinoma of the liver with cirrhosis and 82% (9/11) for metastatic carcinoma of the liver. The average survival for the primary and metastatic carcinomas of the liver were 6.0 months and 8.4 months respectively. Utilization of the totally-implantable INFUSAID pump provides a convenient, cost-effective, and safe administration technique for patients with primary and metastatic carcinomas of the liver.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Surgical treatment of fusiform thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm with Marfan's syndrome. A report on reconstruction of 4 major abdominal visceral branches].

A fusiform thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm involving celiac, superior mesenteric and renal arteries was successfully replaced in a 53-year-old female with Marfan's syndrome who also had annuloaortic ectasia, dissecting aneurysm of descending aorta and bilateral subclavian arterial aneurysms. Exposure of the aneurysm was obtained with a thoracoabdominal incision by reflecting the abdominal viscera to the right. First the limbs of a 24 X 12mm dacron bifurcated prosthesis were attached to common iliac arteries in an end-to-side fashion. Then renal arteries were anastomosed end-to-end to the branches previously attached to the body of the prosthesis. With the temporary bypass from left subclavian to left limb of the dacron graft, reconstruction of the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries was performed by direct suture of orifices to the opening made in the graft. Proximal anastomosis between descending aorta and the graft was made in an end-to-end fashion. The dissecting lesion of the proximal descending aorta was wrapped by dacron mesh. The immediate postoperative course was uneventful except transient hepatitis and pneumonia. The patient was discharged 49 days after operation. One month later, however, she died suddenly. Autopsy could not reveal the exact cause of death. Retrograde revascularization combined with Crawford's method was useful in shortening the occlusion time.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1985

Urinary polyamines as a tumor marker.

We recently established a new simple enzymatic assay method for measuring total urinary polyamines. To evaluate the clinical usefulness of measuring total urinary polyamines as a tumor marker, we have applied this method to the assay of polyamines in the urine of cancer patients. Elevation above 3 SD of the normal mean was found in 116 of the 181 patients with cancer (stomach 49/72 [68.1%], colon 22/32 [68.8%], lung 16/24 [66.7%], blood 15/27 [55.6%], liver 3/14 [21.4%], gallbladder 4/4 [100%], and esophagus 7/8 [87.5%]). Total urinary polyamine levels were determined before and after surgery in 36 patients with gastrointestinal cancer (stomach 22 and colon 14). Urinary polyamine levels fell to within the normal range after successful surgery in 23 of 30 patients who had showed elevated levels of urinary polyamines before surgery. Our data indicate that the determination of total urinary polyamines by our new assay may be useful as a tumor marker.

Humans↗