Biomedical subjects
T W Steele
Publications and source records attributed to T W Steele.
Abdominal pain following intravenous benzyl penicillin administration.
The occurrence of abdominal pain (in three patients) and lower chest pain (in one patient) either during or immediately after the intravenous administration of high doses of benzyl penicillin is reported. All four patients were diagnosed as having bacterial endocarditis and had been receiving between 8 and 18 mega units of the drug per day for 2--3 weeks, when the symptoms were first noticed. A skin rash also appeared in each case, at this time. Both the rash and abdominal pain disappeared when an alternative antibiotic was substituted for the penicillin.
Enterocolitis due to Yersinia enterocolitica in South Australia.
From August 1976 to July 1977, all faecal specimens (3298) sent to the Enteric Department of the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide were selectively cultured for Yersinia enterocolitica. Yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from three patients with diarrhoea, one of whom acquired her infection overseas. These organisms were not isolated from faecal or lymph node material collected from a limited number of sheep and pigs found to have enteritis at the time of slaughter. Enteric infection due to Yersinia enterocolitica does not appear to be common in Australia and selective culture methods using cold enrichment techniques do not appear to be justified especially in laboratories handling specimens derived mainly from adults.
Campylobacter enteritis in South Australia.
Campylobacter jejuni was isolated on coproculture from 13 of 224 patients with suspected infectious diarrhoea whose faecal specimens were examined during a three-month period. These organisms were not isolated from 530 specimens received from asymptomatic and healthy individuals. Diarrhoea and cramping abdominal pain generally lasting two to three days were the major symptoms, though occasional patients had a more prolonged illness. Ingestion of campylobacter resulted in enteric infection with increasing numbers of campylobacter in the stool. Clinical laboratories should attempt to isolate these organisms from patients with diarrhoea.
Isolation of Campylobacter fetus subspecies jejuni.
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Proteus contaminates liquifilm tears.
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The rational use of antibiotics in general practice.
Many antibiotics produce serious adverse effects which, though uncommon, may be lethal or carry a high morbidity. This article provides a rational basis for the choice of antibiotics in common infections involving various anatomical sites. Short notes on the more useful antibacterial agents, dosage, major side effects and contraindications are included.
Cephalothin prophylaxis assay during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Efficient use of prophylactic antibiotics in surgery demands their presence in adequate serum concentration at the time of maximal potential contamination. This cover should extend from the moment of incision until at least the time of removal of large tubes and intravenous connulas. Critical cardiac contamination may occur during the bypass procedure while the operation within the cardiac chambers is being done. This is a special danger in valve replacement with prostheses. The antibiotic regimen of the Cardiothoracic Unit was studied in 12 consecutive patients and was generally found to provide adequate antibiotic coverage throughout the surgical procedure, including the bypass procedure. In all patients, a reinforcing cephalothin dose on completion of bypass ensured adequate circulating cephalothin levels for the completion of surgery. Clearance of the cephalothin from the blood of patients was found to decrease markedly during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Possible nephrotoxicity of aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Analgesic nephropathy. Changes in various parameters of renal function following cessation of analgesic abuse.
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Hypercalciuria and reduced daily excretion of citrate, potassium and hydrogen ions induced by excess intake of analgesics in rats.
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Salicylates and papillary necrosis.
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Renal function in analgesic nephropathy.
Comprehensive one-day renal function tests in 20 patients with a history of analgesic abuse showed varying degrees of chronic renal failure in all. There was no evidence of a selective defect in proximal tubular function, while a defective concentrating mechanism, usually considered necessary for the diagnosis of analgesic-induced renal damage, could be demonstrated in only 16 patients. A urinary acidification defect associated with a concentrating defect was found in nine cases and was thought to reflect specific collecting duct dysfunction. Urinary ammonium excretion was reduced in 13 subjects, owing to a reduced number of functioning nephrons or inadequate acidification, or both. Low citrate excretion was frequently encountered, and this, as well as defective urinary acidification, may play some part in predisposing patients with analgesic nephropathy to intrarenal calcification and progressive renal failure.