Cytotoxicity by NK-like cells from hepatitis B-immune patients to a human hepatoma cell line secreting HBsAg.
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
Biomedical subjects
T W Chin
Publications and source records attributed to T W Chin.
A comparative study of netilmicin-cefoxitin and gentamicin-cefoxitin in surgical patients with serious systemic infection.
A double-blind, randomized study of gentamicin and netilmicin, each in combination with cefoxitin, was done to compare their respective efficacy and toxicity in patients with serious systemic infection. Thirty-seven surgical patients were evaluated for efficacy and 46 patients were evaluated for toxicity. The most frequently cultured organisms were Escherichia coli (15), Klebsiella sp (9), Proteus sp (6), and Bacteroides sp (4). For 23 patients treated with gentamicin-cefoxitin (G-C), the clinical response was favorable in 20/21 (95.2%) evaluable cases, and elimination or marked reduction of 33/34 (97.1%) organisms was achieved. For 14 patients treated with netilmicin-cefoxitin (N-C), the clinical response was favorable in 13/13 (100%) evaluable cases, and 19/20 (95%) organisms were eliminated or markedly reduced. Nephrotoxicity was defined as an increase in serum creatinine to greater than 25% over baseline with an absolute rise of at least 0.5 mg/100 ml to a value greater than or equal to 1.3 mg/100 ml. Based on these criteria, nephrotoxicity was seen in 2/27 (7.4%) patients treated with G-C and in 3/19 (15.8%) patients treated with N-C. Ototoxicity was defined as a greater than 20 dB loss at any frequency. Based on these criteria, ototoxicity was seen in 5/27 (18.5%) patients treated with G-C and 2/19 (10.5%) patients treated with N-C. The data show no significant difference in toxicity and suggest that netilmicin and gentamicin are both highly effective in combination with cefoxitin in patients who have serious infections after surgery.
Adolescent↗
Cimetidine dynamics after single intravenous doses.
Cimetidine dynamics were studied in nine multiple-trauma patients. Mean elimination half-life was 2.27 hr, mean volume of the central compartment was 0.29 l/kg, mean volume at steady state averaged 0.90 l/kg, and mean total body clearance was 9.02 ml/min/kg. After intravenous cimetidine, drug concentrated in gastric fluid reached a peak concentration in 3 hr. Gastric plasma cimetidine ratios after equilibration ranged between 3.0 and 4.3. There was a correlation between cimetidine gastric juice concentration and gastric pH (r = 0.50), but no correlation was found between plasma cimetidine concentration and pH (r = 0.13).
Adult↗
Pharmacokinetics of cimetidine in critically ill children.
The pharmacokinetic behavior of cimetidine has not been described in children, and there is no authoritative guideline on cimetidine dosage for children. Cimetidine pharmacokinetics were studied after a single intravenous dose and during three, incremental rates of continuous infusion in critically ill children. The mean elimination half-life of cimetidine was 1.44 +/- 0.41 hours. Compared to adults, these children had a relatively faster clearance (14.21 +/- 2.85 ml/min/kg) of cimetidine and a larger apparent distribution volume (2.13 +/- 0.63 l/kg). Based on our results, it appears rational to initiate cimetidine at a daily dose of 24 mg/kg in critically ill children.
Age Factors↗
Quinidine pharmacokinetics in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
The clearance of quinidine was evaluated in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The dialysis clearance of quinidine was 0.793 ml/min which represented only 0.61% of the total body clearance (154.21 ml/min) of the drug. The elimination half-life of quinidine was 5.44 hours. Based on our results, dosage adjustment of quinidine does not appear to be necessary for patients undergoing CAPD.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
Prevalence of Legionella pneumophila infection in children and its role in pediatric community-acquired atypical pneumonia.
The infection status of Legionella pneumophila in children and its role in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia were investigated. Because exposure to Legionella pneumophila may be highly variable and there has been no unanimously agreed-upon cut-off values in previous seroprevalence studies, 60 serum samples collected from infants aged 12 to 18 months were examined using immunofluorescence antibody test to determine the cut-off titer which represents past Legionella pneumophila infection. An IFA titer of greater than or equal to 32 was found to be suitable to represent past L. pneumophila infection. A seroepidemiological study of the prevalence of L. pneumophila in 180 children showed the prevalences in children aged 7 to 18 years to be between 28.4 and 35%. Fifty-three paired sera were tested to determine the role of Legionella pneumophila in pediatric, community-acquired, atypical pneumonia. The frequency of confirmed disease was 0% and of presumptive cases was 5.7%. Legionella pneumophila was not a common etiologic agent of pediatric pneumonia in Taiwan.
Adolescent↗