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Biomedical subjects

T Vijayakumar

Publications and source records attributed to T Vijayakumar.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Total hemolytic complement (CH50) and its fractions C3 and C4 in the sera of patients with localized juvenile periodontitis.

The total hemolytic complement activity (CH50) and its fractions C3 and C4 levels were determined in the sera of 21 subjects with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP). Total hemolytic complement activity was expressed as number of CH50 units per ml of blood, while C3 and C4 levels were assessed by radial immunodiffusion and expressed as mg%. The values were compared with an equal number of age- and sex-matched periodontally healthy controls. The results indicate a significant increase in CH50, C3, and C4 levels in the sera of patients with LJP. The study reveals the participation of complement system in the pathogenesis of LJP, and its assessment may assist in understanding the relative importance of complement activities in the disease process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Anti-HHV-6 antibodies in normal population and in cancer patients in India.

The prevalence and titre of IgG antibodies to human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) were assayed in the serum samples from normal subjects and patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and oral cancer (OC) using immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques. This forms the first study on the sero-prevalence and titre of antibodies to HHV-6 in India. There was no considerable difference in the prevalence (76%) and titre (10-160) of the antibodies in normal population from those reported for normal adults in other parts of the world. All the HL and ALL patients studied showed no significant elevation in the antibody titre, though a slight increase in the prevalence (95%) was noted. Antibody titre and prevalence were found highly elevated in OC. OC remained totally unstudied for the presence of anti-HHV-6 antibodies, and this is the first report of elevated levels of the antibody in this cancer. The role of HHV-6, if any, in the pathogenesis of OC is worth investigating.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1992

Chromosomes in Hodgkin's disease--analysis of involved lymph nodes.

Chromosome studies carried out using lymph nodes of 47 patients with Hodgkin's disease gave analyzable metaphases in 22 patients of which 16 (72.7%) showed chromosome abnormalities. The modal chromosome number ranged from near-diploidy to near-tetraploidy. Chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21 and 22 were involved in trisomy and tetrasomy whereas chromosome 17 was involved in monosomy. Structural abnormalities like deletions of chromosomes 1(p13), 6(q24) and addition of chromatin material to chromosomes 11(q13) and 14(q32) were also detected. The involvement of chromosomes 2, 5, 12, 18 and 21 in numerical abnormalities, and chromosome 14(14q+) in structural aberrations was found to be more frequent in Hodgkin's disease. No clinical correlation could be defined between the various chromosome abnormalities and prognosis of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Tissue binding pattern of plant lectins in benign and malignant lesions of thyroid.

N-acetyl D-galactosamine specific lectins were isolated from the seeds of Jack Fruit (Artocarpus integrifolia) and Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) and D-galactose specific lectin was isolated from peanut (Arachis hypogaea). These lectins were conjugated to Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP) and were used to study the lectin binding properties of benign and malignant lesions of the thyroid. For comparison of the results 10 normal fresh autopsy specimens were included in the study. The Peanut lectin (PNL) and Jack fruit lectin (JFL) conjugates showed positive binding with the cells in different lesions, while Winged Bean Lectin (WBL), despite its having a common inhibitory sugar, showed no binding even after neuraminidase treatment. These lectins revealed difference in the composition of glycoconjugates of benign and malignant thyroid cells. The HRP conjugated JFL and PNL may be of use in distinguishing carcinomatous tissues from benign tissues which makes them potential tools in the differential diagnosis of thyroid lesions.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Cell-mediated and humoral immune response in diabetic patients with periodontitis.

Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses were assessed in 50 patients with type II or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 50 nondiabetic patients with periodontitis. The values were compared with those of 50 age and sex-matched control subjects. The cell-mediated immunity assessed by enumerating the total and high-affinity rosette-forming cells of the patient did not show any significant variation from that of the normal control subjects. The humoral immune response was assessed by estimating serum immunoglobulins G, A, M, D, and E by single radial immunodiffusion. Except IgD, all other immunoglobulins were found to be elevated significantly in both diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. The alteration in humoral immune response may be the cause or the effect of periodontitis. The defective host response reported in diabetic patients may be responsible for the increased incidence of periodontitis in diabetic patients as compared to nondiabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Total hemolytic complement (CH50) and its fractions (C3 and C4) in the sera of diabetic patients with periodontitis.

The total hemolytic complement activity (CH50) and its fractions C3 and C4 were determined in 50 patients with Type II or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 50 nondiabetic patients with periodontitis. The values were compared with those of 50 age and sex matched controls. An elevation of CH50 was observed in both the diabetic and nondiabetic patients, compared to controls. The diabetic patients with periodontitis showed a significantly higher complement activity compared to nondiabetic patients with periodontitis. The C3 and C4 values were significantly elevated in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients when compared with the control group. The elevation being more pronounced in diabetic groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Jack fruit lectin binding pattern in carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

A lectin was isolated and purified from the seeds of Jack Fruit (Artocarpus integrifolia) using a column of immobilized N-acetyl D-Galactosamine. The Jack Fruit lectin (JFL) was conjugated to horse radish peroxidase (HRP). The purified conjugate was used to study the binding properties of tissues from carcinomas of the uterine cervix. The binding to cancer tissues was compared with that of normal controls. The carcinomatous cells showed varying degrees of binding towards JFL in contrast to normal controls which generally had uniform binding. The nature and intensity of binding of the lectin with the cancer tissues suggest that this lectin may be used as a diagnostic marker in carcinoma of uterine cervix.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1990

Circulating immune complexes in localised juvenile periodontitis.

This study determined the quantity and type of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in the sera of 15 patients with localised juvenile periodontitis (LJP). There was a significantly higher level IgG and IgM in LJP patients as compared with the controls. The possible role of CIC in the pathogenesis of juvenile periodontitis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in patients with localized juvenile periodontitis.

Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses were assessed in 21 patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP), and in an equal number of control subjects. The cell-mediated immunity, assessed by enumeration of total rosette forming cells [TRFC] and high affinity rosette forming cells [HARFC], was found to be depressed in LJP patients compared to controls. Estimation of serum immunoglobulins G,A,M,D and E levels were done using single radial immunodiffusion. All the immunoglobulins except IgD were found to be elevated significantly in LJP patients. The defective immune response found in LJP patients may be the cause or effect of the disease process. Further investigations are necessary to determine whether these defects are genetically controlled.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Chromosome abnormalities in squamous cell carcinoma of the human oral cavity.

Cytogenetic studies carried out in tissues of 75 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity gave satisfactory results in 12 cases. Remarkable variation characterized the modal chromosome numbers of these tumors, ranging from marked hypodiploidy to tetraploidy. Chromosomes which were lost belonged to group A whereas chromosomes which were gained belonged to groups C, D, E, F and G. Marker chromosomes were present in three cases. There was no correlation between the chromosome abnormalities observed and the clinical stages of the disease. The pattern of chromosome abnormalities ranging from marked hypodiploidy to tetraploidy observed in oral cancer tissues suggests an association of DNA oncogenic virus possibly Herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) with oral cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Serum levels of iron and proteins in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).

Serum proteins, serum iron and total iron binding capacity were estimated in 50 patients with oral submucous fibrosis and 50 patients with oral leukoplakia. The values were compared with that of 50 age- and sex-matched controls. A significant depression in hemoglobin and serum iron was observed in both groups of patients, whereas total iron binding capacity showed significant change only in the oral submucous fibrosis patients. Serum protein values were significantly lower in all the patients. The role of iron deficiency anemia in the causation of this premalignant lesion is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Circulating immune complexes in diabetic patients with periodontitis.

Circulating immune complexes were estimated in the sera of 50 patients with Type II or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 50 nondiabetic patients with periodontitis. The values were compared with that of 50 age- and sex-matched controls. There was a significant rise in circulating immune complexes (CIC) in both the groups of patients compared to controls. The levels of CIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients with periodontitis compared to nondiabetics. The study shows that the circulating immune complexes may have a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease in diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Total hemolytic complement (CH50) and its fractions (C3 and C4) in the sera of patients with premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity.

Total hemolytic complement (CH50) and its fractions (C3 and C4) were estimated in the sera of 50 patients with oral leukoplakia, 50 patients with oral submucous fibrosis and 50 oral cancer patients. The values were compared with that of 50 normal controls. No significant alterations in the values of CH50, C3 or C4 were observed in the sera of patients with either leukoplakia or oral submucous fibrosis whereas the values were found to be altered significantly in oral cancer (P less than 0.001). In the case of oral submucous fibrosis the mean complement levels were slightly lower than those of normal controls and leukoplakia. Age and sex had no influence either on the total complement activity or its fractions (C3 and C4). The serum complement levels may be useful as a biological marker for the early detection of tissue dysplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

An alternative pathogenetic pathway for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).

Oral submucous fibrosis is a potent pre-cancerous condition which occurs almost exclusively in Indians but cases have been reported from several countries. The definite aetiology of OSMF is still unknown and there is no known treatment for it. Chilles, tobacco use, vitamin deficiencies and betel quid chewing have been implicated. Ramanathan is of the view that OSMF seems to be the Asian version of sideropenic dysphagia. He suggests that OSMF appears to be an altered oral mucosa following prolonged period of chronic deficiency of iron and/or vitamin "B" complex especially folic acid. This changed state of the oral mucosa subsequently appears to develop more easily a hypersensitivity to oral irritants such as spices especially chillies and to the betel quid. We hold that the hypersensitivity caused by local irritants and the resultant persistent juxta epithelial inflammatory response noted in OSMF (in a host system already primed by an intrinsic genetic defect) act as the initiating factor leading to a defective inflammatory--reparative response, culminating in fibrotic healing. The role of iron and "B"complex together with others may be contributory (promotor) to this pre-existing pathologic response of the lamina propria.

Anemia↗
PubMed1989

Ackerman's tumour (Verrucous carcinoma) of the oral cavity: a histopathologic study of 426 cases.

Salient histopathological features of four hundred and twenty six (426) cases of verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity reported jointly by the Department of Oral Pathology, Dental College and Department of Pathology, Medical College, Trivandrum, during the period from January 1975 to December 1984 were evaluated. They constituted 5.27% of 7,988 primary malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity detected during the period. Locally aggressive behaviour with bone, muscle and salivary gland invasion occurred in 53% of cases. Examination of the neighbouring areas of the lesion, which showed some light on the natural evolution of the disease, is described. The gradual transformation of a hyperplastic verrucous lesion into carcinoma is appraised. Evidence suggestive of a distant metastatic spread of the tumour could not be detected.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1988

Circulating immune complexes as an immunological marker in premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity.

Circulating immune complexes and their immunoglobulin contents were estimated in the sera of 50 patients with oral leukoplakia, 50 patients with oral submucous fibrosis and 50 oral cancer patients. The values were compared with that of 50 normal controls. The circulating immune complexes and their immunoglobulin contents were found to be elevated significantly both in oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer. This study seems to be of help in monitoring the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis to oral cancer.

Adult↗