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Biomedical subjects

T V Persaud

Publications and source records attributed to T V Persaud.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Pregnancy and progeny in rats treated with prostaglandin in F2alpha.

The effects of prostaglandin F2alpha on pregnancy and embryonic development were investigated in pregnant rats. The animals were treated with the prostaglandin at a dose of 50 microgram s.c., on gestational days 9 to 11 or 12 to 15. Compared to the controls, only intrauterine growth was significantly altered. The number of viable offspring recovered near term was not affected by the treatment, and the incidence of fetal resorptions and malformations was not significantly increased when compared with the controls. However, the placenta revealed extensive areas of degeneration that are found in placental insufficiency. Also, the fetal adrenal cortex showed morphological changes indicative of intrauterine distress.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1978

Teratogenic effect of windowing eggs at early stages of avian development.

The chick embryo is widely used as an experimental model for embryological and teratological studies. Treatment may be iether across the intact shell or through a window cut in the shell above the embryo. However, it is apparent from the present investigation that merely windowing eggs at early stages of development is highly teratogenic. Abnormal development can be attributed to the presence of an introduced air space above the early embryo. Obliteration of this artificial air space by three different methods significantly reduced the teratogenic response.

Air↗
PubMed1978

Prenatal toxicity of simultaneously administered ethanol and pentobarbital in the rat.

The use and abuse of drugs has reached epidemic proportions among individuals of child-bearing age. The frequency with which alcohol and pentobarbital are used in our society increases the probability that they will be taken simultaneously. Experiments were designed to investigate the prenatal toxicity of alcoho and pentobarbital interaction in the rat. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were treated intraperitoneally with one of three doses of ethanol (0.56 to 1.4 g/kg) in combination with 5, 15, or 25 mg/kg pentobarbital on days 9 through 12 of gestation. Maternal and fetal toxicities were evaluated and compared with the results of previous studies using the same doses of ethanol and pentobarbital. In pregnant rats treated with combinations of the two drugs, there was no consistent pattern of response. With respect to the offspring, there was no evidence that combinations of ethanol and pentobarbital, at the dose levels used here, had any more deleterious effect on fetal development than either drug acting independently.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Prostaglandin F2alpha distribution in pregnant rats.

Studies on the placental transfer and distribution of 3H-PGF2alpha in rats on day 14 of gestation revealed that the isotope and/or its metabolites readily crossed the placenta. Notable levels of radioactivity were present in the embryos as well as in the placentas. The highest concentration of radioactivity was detected in the amniotic fluid. Maternal liver, kidney, and gut also showed significant uptake of the isotope.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

A quantitative study of the effects of acetylsalicylic acid on spermatogenesis and organs of the rat.

Although the occurrence of prostaglandins in the male reproductive organs is consistent, their physiological role in fertility and reproduction is not known. The influence of acetylsalicylic acid, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, on the male reproductive tract was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats of proven fertility. Acetylsalicylic acid dissolved in phosphate buffer was administered once a day at two dosages (300 mg/kg body weight and 150 mg/kg body weight) over a period of 12 days and a period of 6 days. The animals were killed 24 hours after the final treatment and the testes, epididymides, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, kidneys, and adrenal glands were removed and placed in Bouin's solution. Subsequently, the tissues were cleaned and weighed and the testes were prepared for quantitative study under the light microscope. Organ weights were not significantly altered in the animals that were treated with acetylsalicylic acid. Cell counts indicated that there was a significant increase in the mean number of preleptotene spermatocytes and spermatids in those animals treated with the drug for 6 days at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. Treatment at the same dosage for a period of 12 days produced a significant decrease in the mean numbers of preleptotene and pachytene spermatocytes and spermatids. The mean diameter of the seminiferous tubules was also significantly decreased in the latter group of animals. In the group of animals treated with ASA for 12 days at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight the mean diameter of the seminiferous tubules was significantly increased. No clear conclusion as to the effect of the drug on spermatogenesis or the various organs could be drawn.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Influence of alcohol on the reproductive system of the male rat.

Twelve male rats were treated with alcohol by an oral self administration technique. The testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles, kidneys, spleen, and liver were recovered from each animal. All organs were weighed and prepared for histological studies. Organs from experimental animals, with the exception of the liver, weighed significantly less than the corresponding controls. The testes of alcohol-treated animals revealed the following changes: thickened capsule, atrophic seminiferous tubules and damaged germinal epithelium, in addition to multinucleated giant cells, fragmented spermatozoa, and desquamated spermatocytes in the lumen of the tubules. Atrophic ductules containing very few spermatozoa were observed in the epididymides of these animals. The seminal vesicles were small and lined by degenerated epithelium. The serum testosterone levels were significantly reduced in alcohol-treated animals, compared to the controls. The present investigation indicates that alcohol adversely affects spermatogenesis and testicular function.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1978

Pentobarbital intoxication in the pregnant rat.

Pregnant rats were treated intraperitoneally with low doses of pentobarbital (5, 15 or 25 mg/kg) on days 9 through 12 of gestation. There was no significant differences in fetal weight, length, or placental weight. Other than minor ossification delays, there were no external, skeletal or visceral abnormalities and no treatment-related variation in fetal mortality. Microscopic examination of various maternal and fetal tissues revealed no major deleterious effects of short-term pentobarbital intoxication.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1977

Pathogenesis of developmental defects induced in the rat by amniotic sac puncture.

The morphogenesis of developmental defects induced by aminotic sac puncture was studied at the gross and microscopic levels. In fetuses recovered from 15 min to 48 h after amniocentesis, a pattern of hemorrhagic lesions, excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid, followed by tissue necrosis and leading ultimately to the reduction of amputation of distal limb segments and morphological changes in the head, was observed. These changes were indicative of venous stasis, hypervolemia and embryonic oxygen deficiency. Intrauterine compression of the fetus and the obstruction of the fetomaternal circulation were considered to be the primary etiological factors in amniocentesis-induced anomalies which included hemorrhagic lesions, limb reductions and amputations, deformities of the head and abdominal regions, generalized edema and postural moulding.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1976

Cytotoxicity of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid fulvine to pancreatic acinar cells in the rat. Light microscopic, histochemical and ultrastructural studies.

Veno-occlusive disease of the liver is caused by the hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid fulvine which is found in the plant Crotolaria fulva. Histological, histochemical and electronmicroscopic studies carried out in Wistar rats showed that an aqueous solution of fulvine produced an acute pancreatopathy with interstitial oedema and secondary hypoxic dystrophy of the acinar cells, when administered at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Experimental studies on the influence of male alcoholism on pregnancy and progeny.

Chronic alcoholism was induced in male albino rats by an oral self-administration technique. Obvious signs of intoxication, withdrawal symptoms and reduced reproductive performance, as well as decreased serum glucose and serum testosterone levels, were observed in these animals. Notable differences were detected in prenatal mortality, mean litter size and sex ratio between the offspring of male alcoholic rats and the corresponding controls. In the alcohol-treated group the placental index was markedly reduced. However, the mean growth index showed no significant differences between the experimental and control groups.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Pregnancy and progeny in rats treated with prostaglandin A.

The effects of long-acting prostaglandin A1 upon pregnancy and fetal development were investigated in Long-Evans rats. The animals were treated by the intrauterine route either on gestational day 14 with 25 mug PGA1 or with 50 mug on day 17 of gestation. The incidence of fetal resorptions was significantly increased compared to the controls following treatment on gestational day 17. A significantly high incidence of nonspecific malformations was also induced in the offspring as a result of the treatment. There were no significant differences between experimental and control fetal and placental weights. The total protein content of fetal liver following treatment with PGA1 was not significantly reduced. Microscopic examination of placentas showed a consistent decrease in the thickness of the decidua basalis following treatment with 25 mug PGA1 on day 14 of gestation. The ovaries and umbilical cords showed no changes. In addition, treatment of rats daily with 200 mug PGA1, administered subcutaneously, on gestational days 9-12 or 12-15 did not affect the development of the conceptuses.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

Non-teratogenicity of prostaglandin F2alpha in the chick.

Chick embryos were exposed to prostaglandin F2alpha (10, 40 or 100 mug) at 48 and 72 hours incubation. Compared to the controls there was no significant increase in the incidence of embryonic death and developmental defects.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Experimental amniocentesis and teratogenesis. 1. Evaluation of the intra-amniotic route of treatment in teratological studies.

Experiments were designed to evaluate the usefulness of the intra-amniotic route of administration of test-substances in teratological studies. Particular attention was given to the differences in fetal parameters of growth and development and the incidence of fetal mortality between treated and untreated offspring which might be induced as a result of the treatment. Amniocentesis on gestational days 14, 15 or 16 produced a high incidence of fetal mortality and a significant reduction in the weights and crown-rump lengths of treated offspring. With increasing gestational age at the time of treatment and by reducing the volume of solvent injected, fetal mortality was decreased.

Amnion↗