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Biomedical subjects

T V Murphy

Publications and source records attributed to T V Murphy.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Five v ten days' therapy with furazolidone for giardiasis.

In previous uncontrolled studies it has been reported that five days' treatment with furazolidone is effective for giardiasis. Efficacy of five v ten days of treatment was evaluated in a prospective, randomized study of 22 children with giardiasis. Eleven of 12 patients (92%) treated for ten days were cured based on clinical and parasitological response; one patient did not tolerate furazolidone and was treated with quinacrine hydrochloride. Only two of ten patients (20%) treated with a five-day regimen were cured. Of the other eight patients, five had prompt relapse of diarrhea after furazolidone treatment was stopped, diarrhea persisted in two, and diarrhea diminished but Giardia persisted in one. Six of eight patients in whom the five-day regimen failed were re-treated with furazolidone for ten days, and five patients were cured. Therapy with furazolidone for less than seven to ten days cannot be recommended for children with giardiasis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1983

Rifampin prophylaxis v placebo for household contacts of children with Hemophilus influenzae type b disease.

The efficacy of rifampin prophylaxis (20 mg/kg/day in two doses for four days) in eliminating pharyngeal Hemophilus influenzae type b from household contacts of 38 patients with invasive Hemophilus disease was evaluated in a prospective, placebo-controlled fashion. At the end of treatment, rifampin efficacy was 91% in subjects younger than 5 years of age and 100% in those subjects older than 5 years. The H influenzae type b carrier rate of rifampin-treated subjects was significantly smaller than that of placebo-treated subjects one month after prophylaxis. However, 22% to 25% of rifampin-treated carriers younger than 5 years of age were colonized with H influenzae type b, based on cultures obtained one to four weeks after prophylaxis, while approximately 75% of placebo-treated carriers were still positive at this time.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1979

Shigella vaginitis: report of 38 patients and review of the literature.

Thirty-eight cases of Shigella vaginitis were identified in a retrospective review of records kept over the past 14 years. The cases of vaginitis were due to three subgroups of Shigella. Vaginitis varied in severity and duration, persisting for several months in some instances. In 47% of the cases, there was associated bloody vaginal discharge. Only two children had diarrhea temporally associated with vaginitis, but six others had had diarrhea. Many treatment modalities were used. Systemic antibiotic therapy appeared more effective than topical antimicrobials in the few patients who could be evaluated. Review of the literature revealed 32 additional cases, including four in adult women.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Haemophilus influenzae type b disease after rifampin prophylaxis in a day care center: possible reasons for its failure.

Five infants enrolled in a day care center (DCC) developed invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae type b during a 25-week period. The isolates from four patients had identical outer membrane proteins and were biotype 1. Although rifampin prophylaxis was recommended on two different occasions, retrospective surveys demonstrated that 39 and 60%, respectively, of infants failed to receive the agent for various reasons. Pharyngeal cultures were obtained from infants, their families and DCC staff after prophylaxis was given the second time. Forty-seven % of DCC infants had positive cultures, and 59% of their households had at least one carrier of the invasive strain. Rifampin prophylaxis administered a third time to infants and members of their households was unsuccessful in eradicating the invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b strain from DCC infants. The possible reasons for failure of rifampin in this DCC outbreak included incomplete understanding by physicians and health department officials of the factors affecting a DCC outbreak of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease and failure properly to implement rifampin prophylaxis to all contacts and the index cases.

Child Day Care Centers↗