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Biomedical subjects

T Usui

Publications and source records attributed to T Usui.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Primary myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia and cytogenetically abnormal clones in 2 children with Down's syndrome.

2 children with Down's syndrome showed severe anaemia, leucocytosis with blastic cells, thrombocytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. Bone marrow aspirations were near-dry tap and marrow biopsy revealed primary myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM). Their course was short with a blood picture similar to that of leukaemia. They expired 2 months and 21/2 months after diagnosis, respectively. The cases were thought to represent an acute childhood variant of MMM. Cytogenetic study of circulating white cells by 24 h culture without phytophaemagglutinin stimulation revealed aneuploidy in both cases, the first case showing marked aneuploidy with a predominant karyotype of 50,XX,+8,+19,+19,+21 and the second case a mosaic of 47,XX,+G/48,XX+G,+G. The karyotype of phytohaemagglutinin stimulated lymphocytes was 47,XX,+G in both cases. These findings suggest that the abnormal karyotypes are those of circulating blastic cells which are abnormal clones of haematopoietic cells responsible for MMM. In Down's syndrome, MMM might not be so rare as reported.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1981

Stimulation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and sex steroids in the spermatic venous blood after human chorionic gonadotropin injection into human testes.

To study the participation of cAMP in the action of gonadotropin on testicular steroidogenesis in the human testis in vivo, we have measured the concentrations of cAMP, testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, estrone, 17 beta-estradiol, and hCG in the spermatic venous blood of the patients with prostatic cancer after hCG injections into the testis. Five minutes after hCG administration, spermatic cAMP increased to 5 times the pretreated level, and after 30 min, it increased to 20 times the pretreated level. Testosterone increased gradually after hCG injection, and the 2-fold increase was demonstrated at 50 min. Although the pattern of the changes in spermatic 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone was similar to that of testosterone, a statistically significant increase was not observed after hCG administration. Estrogen production was also stimulated by hCG. These results are consistent with the view that cAMP may participate in the action of hCG upon steroidogenesis in the testis of human beings in vivo, as has previously been observed with rat and human testes in vitro.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Studies on the modified foam stability test. Effects of blood and meconium and comparison with Clements' shake test.

Fifty samples of amniotic fluid, obtained from intrapartum women whose period of gestation ranged from 28 to 42 weeks, were evaluated for the presence of pulmonary surfactant activity by means of "modified foam stability test (MFS test)." This test is based on the functional surfactant activity of forming the stable foam when absolute ethanol is added to amniotic fluid and shaken for a short period. The results of the modified foam stability test were well correlated to those of Clements' shake test so far as it was concerned with high titer group. While the four cases showed entirely "negative" in the modified foam stability test when the newborn infant developed respiratory problems, one of them presented "positive" Clements' test. The contamination with blood or meconium within 1%, which implied a little staining by blood or meconium, did not affect the outcome of the modified foam stability test. This test is a valuable and simple screening test for the determination of the presence of pulmonary surfactant activity.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1981

Investigation of the heterogeneity of heterogalactan from the fruit bodies of Fomitopsis pinicola, by employing concanavalin A-Sepharose affinity chromatography.

A heterogalactan was isolated from the hot water extract of fruit bodies of Fomitopsis pinicola by a combination of fractionation procedures including precipitation with ethanol and with Cetavlon, and chromatography on columns of DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-100. Despite its apparent homogeneity on gel filtration, zone electrophoresis, sedimentation equilibration, and immunodiffusion analyses, the neutral component of heterogalactan was further fractionated into unbound, weakly bound, and strongly bound forms by affinity chromatography on a column of concanavalin A-Sepharose CL 4B. The former two polysaccharides fractions eluted with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) were found to be a fucogalactan and a mannofucogalactan, respectively. A more tightly bound fraction (mannofucogalactan) was subsequently eluted with 0.1 M glucose in 1 M NaCl. The results of methylation, complete Smith degradation, and proton and 13C NMR spectroscopic analyses indicated that the three kinds of heterogalactans are all highly branched polysaccharides containing a framework of (1 leads to 6)-linked alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residues, the C-2 positions of which are substituted in different proportions with either single L-fucopyranosyl residues or disaccharide units of 3-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-L-fucopyranose residues.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1981

Effects of anticancer platinum compounds on Escherichia coli strains with normal and defective DNA repair capacity.

The effect of anticancer platinum compounds on isogenetic strains of Escherichia coli with normal or defective DNA repair capacity were studied. Cisdichlorodiammineplatinum (II) causes DNA damage that is repairable by the repair systems of bacteria, and the DNA lesion becomes mutational when processed by the excision repair system. Dinitrato (1R, 2S-cyclohexanediamine) platinum (II) exhibits similar killing activity on E. coli strains with both normal and defective DNA repair capacity. Thus, this compound may cause DNA damage that cannot be repaired by bacteria, or its killing activity may be due to effects other than DNA damage.

Antineoplastic Agents↗