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Biomedical subjects

T Umeda

Publications and source records attributed to T Umeda.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Tyrosine phosphorylation of 100-130 kDa proteins in lung cancer correlates with poor prognosis.

To search for the signalling pathways in lung cancer relevant to its aggressive behaviour, we studied tyrosine phosphorylated proteins in lung cancer cell lines and surgical specimens. We found that the profiles of protein phosphorylation were closely matched among these cell lines and cancer tissues of different histological origins, and 100-130 kDa proteins were the major components of phosphorylated proteins. In surgical specimens, approximately half of the cases showed tyrosine phosphorylation of these proteins in a tumour-specific manner, and phosphorylation of these proteins showed good correlation with the survival length of patients after operation. By immunoprecipitation with specific antibodies, we found that p125FAK, p120 and beta-catenin were the major components of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in the surgical specimens. These results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of these proteins may play a role in tumour relapse and is available as a clinical marker.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Flavonoid-mediated tumor growth suppression demonstrated by in vivo study.

Many of flavonoids as well as bioflavonoids extracted from higher plants, which were earlier revealed to have tumor cell growth suppression activity in vitro, were examined for their effect on tumors in vivo. Balb/c mice were inoculated i.p. with syngeneic tumor cells, meth/a, and then provided with flavonoids dissolved in their drinking water during the course of their survival time. Many flavonoids were effective in prolonging the survival period. Furthermore, flavonoids that did not show suppressive activities in the in vitro experiments were effective in the in vivo assay. The data suggested that sugar bonded to the A ring, which suppresses tumor growth inhibition in vitro, plays an important role. Many aglycones that were effective in the in vitro assay on the tumor growth suppression were not effective in the in vivo assay. The reason for this seems to be that most aglycones are unstable and thus break down in vivo. No acute nor chronic toxicity of flavonoids was observed in the mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Influence of OH group and sugar bonded to flavonoids on flavonoid-mediated suppression of tumor growth in vitro.

Many flavonoids extracted from higher plants, synthesized or purified flavonoids, and their aglycones showed anti-tumor activity. Using purified or synthesized flavonoids, we studied the effect of the chemical structure of 2-benzoic flavone on the growth of human tumor cells (HCT-15 in vitro. The type of sugar combined with the A phenol of flavonoids played an important role in the tumor suppression; i.e., glucose attachment at the A phenol caused suppression of tumor cell growth, but other sugars such as rhamnose and lutinoside at that position did not suppress the growth of the cells. OH groups bonded to the B phenol also had a great effect on the growth. Flavonoids with OH groups conjugated to the 3', 4', and 5' of B phenol were stronger in anti-tumor effect than those with the OH groups attached at the 3' and 4' or 4' only, although anthocyanins were generally more effective than the other flavonoids.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1996

The effect of thoracic epidural anesthesia on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in dogs: an analysis of the pressure-flow curve.

The aim of the present study was to examine whether hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is preserved during one-lung ventilation combined with thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) in dogs. Using a separately ventilated left lower lobe (LLL) in situ, the pressure-flow (P-Q) curve was obtained. The HPV response was assessed by the shift of the P-Q curve, changes in blood flow diversion rate (FDR) and decrease in PaO2 during hypoxic gas ventilation of LLL. In the control group (n = 7), the shift of P-Q curve, changes in FDR, and decrease in PaO2 remained constant during four consecutive hypoxic stimulations. In the TEA group (n = 6), the P-Q curve shifted to the left during hyperoxia, but the magnitude of the shift during hypoxia was unchanged. FDR and decrease in PaO2 were significantly reduced compared with baseline values (P < 0.05 with analysis of variance). TEA reduced heart rate, cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, and mixed venous oxygen tension. Our results suggest that TEA did not affect the primary pulmonary vascular tone at baseline or during lobar hypoxia, but enhanced the diversion of blood flow and arterial blood oxygenation during lobar hypoxia. This enhanced HPV response probably reflects hemodynamic changes, such as decreased cardiac tension, due to sympathetic nerve activity blockade by TEA.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy with elevated plasma PTHrP, TNF alpha and IL-6 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

A case of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is reported. An 82-year-old male underwent surgery for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the left hand in 1992. He subsequently developed clouding of consciousness with remarkable hypercalcemia, a high parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) level, and elevated plasma cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6)]. Diagnosis of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) was made on the basis of these findings. He died of renal insufficiency due to this hypercalcemia in spite of several replacement therapies and chemotherapies. The PTHrP might have derived from the SCC and have been responsible for the HHM in conjunction with IL-6 and TNF alpha.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Clinical application of basic arginine amidase in human male urine.

Basic human urinary arginine amidase (or esterase, called BHUAE) which is only found in male urine, was measured from normal volunteers between the age of 4 and 70 years using D-valyl-L-leucyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide as a substrate. BHUAE increases during early adolescence, between 8 to 17 years of age. Then, BHUAE decreases in the twenties and takes a certain range of value in the mature age group, between the late thirties and fifties. In patients with prostate cancer, a significant increase in BHUAE was demonstrated in comparison with the healthy male group (control) over 55 years old. On the other hand, patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy showed no significant elevation of this enzyme activity. It would appear that the measurement of BHUAE in urine can be used as a marker of prostate cancer in an advanced age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Magnesium metabolism in hyperthyroidism.

Changes in magnesium metabolism, along with those in sodium, were investigated in 17 patients with Graves' disease (14 females and 3 males, mean +/- SD, 44.8 +/- 12.2 years) and their relationship to plasma levels of thyroid hormones were assessed before and after treatment. Each patient was studied in hyperthyroid state and euthyroid state after treatment. Each patient was studied in hyperthyroid state and euthyroid state after treatment with methimazole. Treatment with methimazole increased the magnesium concentration both in erythrocytes (2.00 +/- 0.18 vs. 2.08 +/- 0.24 mmol/l cells, P < 0.05) and in serum (0.72 +/- 0.12 vs. 0.84 +/- 0.11 mmol/l, P < 0.001) but both urinary output and fractional excretion of magnesium decreased significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). The erythrocyte sodium concentration decreased with treatment (10.7 +/- 2.6 vs. 8.1 +/- 1.1 mmol/l cells, P < 0.001) but the serum sodium remained unchanged (140.9 +/- 1.9 vs. 140.9 +/- 2.1 mmol/l, NS). Urinary excretion of sodium also decreased with treatment (P < 0.05), but only changes in indices of magnesium metabolism (decrease in renal fractional excretion, rise in serum level) correlated significantly with those of the thyroid functions with treatment. These observations clearly indicate that in Graves' disease, the magnitude of magnesium metabolism alteration is closely related to the extent of the increase in thyroid hormones in plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A clinical study of recurrent breast cancer].

In a recent 14-year period from December 1978 to December 1993, 180 patients with breast cancer were treated at the hospital, and out of these 180 patients, 38 patients (21.1%) who had a recurrent breast cancer were clinically evaluated. The first recurrence occurred in the local skin in 13 patients, regional lymph node in 1, bone in 13, lung in 4, liver in 4 and in other areas in 3. Histologically, the incidence of scirrhous carcinoma recurrence was higher than that of papillotubular carcinomas. There was no recurrence in mucinous carcinomas. The frequency of recurrence became higher in accordance with TNM classification, namely, 6.7% in Stage I, 23.7% in Stage II, 37.5% in Stage IIIa, and 47.1% in Stage IIIb cancers. An increasing tendency in the recurrence rate was also noted with an increase of tumor diameter or lymph node metastasis. Otherwise, there was no difference in cumulative survival after recurrence between TNM classification. There were no correlations between the estrogen receptor and incidence of recurrence or 5-year survival rate. The disease free interval (DFI) was less than 2 years in about 60% of the recurrent cases. DFI of bone metastasis was longer than for the other sites of recurrence. The survival rate increased according to prolongation of DFI. After through evaluation of these results, one should pay close attention to follow-up after mastectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Emphysematous cystitis: a case report].

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare condition in which gas-forming organisms produce gas in the bladder wall and lumen. We present a case of emphysematous cystitis with neurogenic bladder. The patient was a 78-year-old man who complained of dysuria and lower abdominal soft mass. Urine culture yielded Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis. A plain X-ray film of upright position showed a large air-fluid level. The gas was demonstrated in the bladder wall and lumen on CT scan. These findings were compatible with that of emphysematous cystitis. The symptoms were improved and the intraluminal gas had disappeared on radiography after treatment with antibiotics. We reviewed 20 cases of emphysematous cystitis reported in the Japanese literature and reported clinical characteristics of 21 patients including ours here.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Bidirectional regulation of osteoclast function by nitric oxide synthase isoforms.

Nitric oxide (NO) produces rapid osteoclast detachment and contraction in vitro, and this effect is accompanied by a profound inhibition of bone resorption. Work by others has confirmed these findings in vivo: inhibition of NO synthase [NOS; L-arginine, NADPH: oxygen oxidoreductase (NO-forming), EC 1.14.13.39] in normal rats is followed by increased bone resorption reflected by a marked loss in bone mineral density. In our present study, immunocytochemistry and Northern blotting show the presence of the constitutive calcium-sensitive NOS isoform (cNOS) in normal rat osteoclasts and in the human preosteoclast cell line (FLG 29.1). The inducible NOS isoform (iNOS) was also clearly demonstrable in the rat cells especially after treatment with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and bacterial wall products [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], while a basal level of transcript was detected in the untreated human preosteoclast line. However NADPH-diaphorase activity was intense only in neonatal rat osteoclasts attached to bone, perhaps reflecting either enhancement of cNOS activity by calcium or increased amounts of the inducible isoform in activated osteoclasts in situ compared with isolated neonatal rat osteoclasts. These actively resorb devitalized bone but the untreated cells contain relatively low levels of NOS; they are extremely sensitive to inhibition by NO. The iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine markedly enhances in vitro resorption by activated NOS-rich chick osteoclasts and by normal rat osteoclasts treated with LPS or IFN-gamma. In contrast, the nonselective NOS inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibits resorption by untreated neonatal rat osteoclasts. Thus, osteoclast function may require intermittent calcium-stimulated increases in NO production by cNOS against a basal inhibitory background activity of the iNOS isoform. However, bone resorption depends on precursor replication and on the activity of the mature cells, and we found that the NO donor 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) (50 microM) profoundly depressed replication in the human preosteoclast line. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that NO maintains a central control of bone resorption in both avian and mammalian species by exerting a powerful tonic restraint of osteoclast numbers and activity. The presence of NOS in human cells implies a similar function in man and that conventional views of calcium homoeostasis and skeletal metabolism will need substantial revision. Since NO also influences behavior of the osteoblast, the bone-forming cell, in vitro, a similar effect in vivo might imply a general influence on bone remodeling.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Determination of (+)- and (-)-nicardipine concentrations in human serum and their correlation with the antihypertensive effect after oral administration of racemic nicardipine.

Serum (+)- and (-)-nicardipine concentrations were determined after oral administration of racemic nicardipine, and the relationship between the concentration of each enantiomer and the percentage change in blood pressure was investigated. Serum concentrations of (+) and (-)-nicardipine were assayed separately by a method combining high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GS-MS). Linear relationships were found with serum concentrations of 0.25-80 mg x ml(-1) for both enantiomers of nicardipine with correlation coefficients of greater than 0.999. A single oral dose of 40 mg racemic nicardipine was given to 15 patients with essential hypertension. Serum (+)-nicardipine concentration was 2-3 times higher than the concentration of (-)-nicardipine 1, 2, and 3 after drug administration. The logarithmically transformed value of the serum (+)-nicardipine concentration was inversely correlated with the percentage change in systolic blood pressure, the correlation being statistically significant 1 and 2 h after drug administration, and also inversely correlated with the percentage change in diastolic blood pressure 1, 2 and 3 h after drug administration. However, the logarithmically transformed value of serum (-)-nicardipine showed no significant correlations with the percentage change in either systolic or diastolic blood pressure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Development of an isolated perfusion circuit with double bypass using automatic blood pumps.

Isolated perfusion of the liver is a useful and promising therapeutic method for various hepatic diseases. However, conventional techniques using a roller pump require a large priming volume and cannot run at the low flow rate without complications. These disadvantages do not allow the use of conventional techniques in smaller pediatric patients. The authors solved these problems successfully for the first time by using unique sac-type air-driven automatic blood pumps with an oxygenator primed with a blood volume of 65 ml in the total circuit. The usefulness of these blood pumps for liver perfusion was evaluated in small animals weighing 3.5-6.0 kg. A hepatic perfusion circuit was established between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava. The blood pumps worked well without any trouble, and stable flow could be maintained. No hepatocellular damage or anaerobiosis of the liver was observed at a hepatic perfusion flow rate of 20 ml/min/kg. Isolated liver perfusion using these blood pumps can be applied in infants and young children.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

Plasmacytoma of the testis.

Extramedullary plasmacytomas of the testes are extremely rare tumors, especially when occurring in the absence of precocious or concurrent diagnosis of multiple myeloma. This is a case report of an 83-year-old man with a solitary plasmacytoma of the left testis. Immunoperoxidase studies, performed on histologic specimens after radical orchiectomy, showed a monoclonal staining of intracellular immunoglobulin for IgG-lambda type. He has been well for more than 14 months with no evidence of local recurrence or multiple myeloma.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A study on the effects of physical load on high school baseball players during midsummer games].

This study attempted to measure the physical load on high school baseball players during games played under extremely hot and humid conditions in the summer. The factors used to determine physical load were the following: body weight, oral temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and serum biochemical elements. These were measured before and after the game. One hundred twenty-six baseball players from 7 high schools participated in this study. All the games were played under conditions of high temperature 34 degrees Celsius dry-bulb, 26 degrees Celsius wet-bulb, 41 degrees Celsius black-globe, 30 degrees WBGT, which are likely to cause heat-related illnesses. The results were as follows. 1) The physical load of baseball players during the game showed a 1.8 percent decrease in average body weight due to perspiration, a 0.35 degrees C increase in oral temperature and an increase in the heart rate. Examination of the serum biochemical elements showed that muscle deviation ferment changed due to muscular activity and blood condensed due to perspiration. The physical load levels of baseball players were influenced more by extreme heat than by exercise during the game. 2) The group of starting players showed higher body weight loss, oral temperature, heart rate, blood condensation and muscle deviation ferment levels than the group of players on the bench due to the difference in the length of exposure to summer heat and the amount of physical exertion. The changes in physical load levels during the game for the group of starting players were greater than those for the group for players on the bench. 3) Considering the changes in body weight, blood condensation and muscle deviation ferment, we can say that physical loads of players differed according to their positions, the pitcher having the greatest load, followed in descending order by the catcher, infielders, and outfielders. It has been recommended that high school baseball players should take different kinds of rest depending on their positions in order to recover from fatigue as soon as possible after a game.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Suppression of tumor cell growth by anthocyanins in vitro.

Bioflavonoids, extracted from flower petals, were examined for their growth inhibitory effect on cells in culture. They were found to significantly suppress the growth of the cultured cells. Anthocyanins tended to show greater inhibitory effect than other flavonoids. Commercially synthesized or purified aglycones of flavonoids were also studied for their suppression of tumor cells. The anthocyanins were more effective than other flavonoid aglycones, although the aglycones were easily inactivated under the culture conditions.

Anthocyanins↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of p53 expression and DNA ploidy pattern in esophageal cancer].

DNA ploidy pattern analyzed by cytofluorometry and p53 protein expression using immunohistochemical method were studied in 35 cases of esophageal cancer. p53 protein were positive in 19 cases (54%), and DNA aneuploidy pattern were detected in 26 cases (74%). There was no relationship between DNA ploidy pattern or p53 expression and clinico-pathological factors. DNA aneuploidy or p53 positive cases were significantly poor prognoses in five-year survival rate. DNA aneuploidy and p53 positive cases were worst in four groups. It is effective for evaluation of biological malignancy and detection of post operative schedules to study not only clinico-pathological factors but also DNA ploidy pattern and p53 expression in esophageal cancer.

DNA, Neoplasm↗