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Biomedical subjects

T Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to T Uchida.

At least 1,135 records · Page 63Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Staging of bladder tumors by angiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography].

Accurate clinical staging of bladder tumors is of utmost importance for selecting the most suitable treatment measure for each clinical case. We evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of pelvic angiography, transabdominal ultrasonography, transurethral ultrasonography and computed tomography for estimation of the extent of bladder tumor infiltration. During the past 12 years, we experienced 232 bladder tumor cases. Among them, 30 patients were evaluated with pelvic angiography, 52 with transabdominal ultrasonography, 14 with transurethral ultrasonography and 84 with computed tomography. Pelvic angiography enabled correct diagnosis in 24 of the 30 patients (80%), transabdominal ultrasonography in 8 of the 52 patients (15%), transurethral ultrasonography in 7 of the 14 patients (50%) and computed tomography in 62 of the 84 patients (74%). Combined examination with transurethral ultrasonography and computed tomography seems to be the most reliable method for estimation of the extent of bladder tumor infiltration.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[The antitumor activity of intraperitoneally- or orally-administered etoposide in animals and its administration-schedule dependency].

The antitumor activity of etoposide against a wide variety of transplantable tumors in mice and rats was examined. Etoposide exhibited antitumor activity by both i.p. and p.o. administrations but a much larger effect was obtained in the former case. In addition, the effective dose of etoposide was much less in i.p. administration. In order to further investigate this large difference of etoposide effect the level of etoposide in the blood was followed after administration of 3H-etoposide via i.p. and p.o. routes. Although the maximum levels for both were seen 10 to 20 min after administration, the level in i.p. administration was much higher than that in p.o. administration. For instance, the level seen for i.p. administration at 8 mg/kg was comparable to that for p.o. administration at a much higher dose of 128 mg/kg. The administration schedule dependency of etoposide antitumor activity was examined using L1210 leukemia as the target tumor. When etoposide was administered alone on day, 1, the effect was the smallest obtained in i.p. as well as in p.o. administrations among the schedules examined in this study. Under other schedules where etoposide was administered i.p. and p.o. once a day for 3, 5 and 9 consecutive days from day 1 and on every other day, that is, days 1, 3 and 5, higher antitumor effects were seen.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin for treatment of bladder tumor].

The patients with bladder tumor (11 tumor) were given intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy. The concentration of BCG solution varied from 80 to 240 mg in 40 ml of normal saline. The intravesical instillation therapy with this solution was repeated 6 times at a week interval. Seven of the tumors showed excellent response and had completely disappeared upon endoscopic examination. All of the highly responded tumors were small papillary lesions of low grade and low stage of malignancy. Regarding side effects, irritable bladder occurred in 70%, elevation of body temperature of over 37 degrees C in 40% and gross hematuria in 30% of the patients. Among them, one patient was treated with INH (0.3 g/day) for 2 weeks with satisfactory remission of the symptoms. Though the number of cases and follow up period are not satisfactory enough, topical therapy with BCG can be said to be an effective therapeutic measure against early stage urotherial tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[A clinical study of renal cell carcinoma].

Eighty two cases of renal cell carcinoma, treated at our Department between July, 1971 and May, 1984, are reviewed. The highest incidence of this disease was seen in the 5th decade and the average age of the patients was 58.8 years. Male patients predominated over the female patients, the ratio being 1.6: 1. According to Robson's classification, thirty eight cases were in stage I, five cases in stage II, nine cases in stage III and thirty cases in stage IV. The overall survival rate at one, three and five years was 77, 58 and 48%, respectively. The most common symptom was macroscopic hematuria, followed by asymptomatic, lumbago and palpable mass. The site of distant metastases was most frequently in the lung, followed by the bone, liver and lymph node. There were no remarkable differences in the prognosis of stage I patients, between the group treated with preoperative renal arterial embolization and non-treated group. No remarkable difference was seen between the survival rate of the stage IV patients treated by nephrectomy and these not treated by nephrectomy. Renal arterial embolization was an effective therapeutic measure for patients with non-resectable stage IV renal cell carcinoma (p = 0.0647, compared with non-treated group).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 by ammonium chloride and chloroquine.

Multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strain HF in Vero cells was inhibited by ammonium chloride and chloroquine. A series of one-step growth experiments showed that the maturation of intracellular virus was prevented immediately after the addition of weak bases in the late stage of infection, indicating that the site of inhibition by weak bases is some step in the maturation process of HSV-1.

Ammonium Chloride↗
PubMed1984

Affinity chromatography of protein kinase C-phorbol ester receptor on polyacrylamide-immobilized phosphatidylserine.

An affinity column, prepared by immobilizing phosphatidylserine and cholesterol in polyacrylamide, was utilized in the purification of protein kinase C. Protein kinase activity and phorbol ester binding were monitored by assaying Ca2+ plus phosphatidylserine-dependent phosphorylation of histone H1 and [3H]phorbol dibutyrate binding, respectively. Both activities were present in a cytosolic extract of rabbit renal cortex, eluted together from a DEAE-cellulose column, bound to the affinity column in the presence of Ca2+, and eluted symmetrically upon application of EGTA. Recovery from the affinity column was high (30-50%) and resulted in as much as a 6000-7700-fold purification, depending on the region of the DEAE-cellulose peak that was applied. Following affinity column purification, protein kinase and phorbol ester binding activity eluted symmetrically upon gel filtration, with a molecular weight of approximately 80 kDa. A protein of the same size was present in silver-stained gels following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of affinity column purified samples from the DEAE-cellulose peak. From 2-4 other, smaller proteins were also present, their number and relative amounts depending on the region of the DEAE-cellulose peak used. These data indicate that Ca2+-dependent/binding to a polyacrylamide-immobilized phospholipid provides a useful technique for purification of protein kinase C as well as other, unidentified proteins exhibiting a Ca2+ plus phospholipid-dependent interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Thermophilic DNA ligase. Purification and properties of the enzyme from Thermus thermophilus HB8.

Thermophilic and thermostable DNA ligase was purified to near homogeneity from the extract of Thermus thermophilus HB8. The purified enzyme has an isoelectric point at pH 6.6 and consists of a single polypeptide of about 79,000 in molecular weight on the bases of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis data and an equilibrium sedimentation method. The enzyme requires divalent cations, Mg2+ or Mn2+, and the optimum concentration of these ions being 5-9 X 10(-3) M and 3-6 X 10(-3) M, respectively. The enzyme also requires NAD as a cofactor. The apparent Km for NAD is 1.85 X 10(-8) M and that of (dT)10 is 1.4 X 10(-4) M. The pH optimum is 7.4-7.6 in Tris-HCl and 8.0 in collidine/HCl buffer. The joining reaction is activated by K+ and NH+4 at a concentration of 2-100 mM and inhibited by Na+ above 25 mM. The optimum temperatures of the joining of thymidylate oligomers in the presence of poly(dA) as a template are 27.5 degrees C for p(dT)s, 34.5 degrees C for p(dT)10, and 37 degrees C for p(dT)12-18 and that of cohesive-end DNA restriction fragments is 24-37 degrees C. The nick-closing activity of the enzyme was observed over a wide range of the temperature from 15 to 85 degrees C and the optimum temperature is 65-72 degrees C. The temperature dependency of ligation with HB8 DNA ligase for various substrates was found to shift to a region of 7-10 degrees C higher than that of T4 DNA ligase and the activity of HB8 DNA ligase decreased remarkably below 4 degrees C. The enzyme was stable for 1 week at 37 degrees C, its activity dropped by 50% within 2 days at 65 degrees C.

Cations, Divalent↗
PubMed1984

[Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu-like immunoreactivity-containing nerve elements in the canine pancreas--an immunohistochemical study].

The occurrence and localization of Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu (Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu)-like immunoreactivity in the canine pancreas were studied by immunocytochemistry. For light microscopy, Bouin fixed and paraffin embedded sections were immunostained by the PAP method. For electron microscopy, ultrathin sections of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed and Araldite embedded materials were immunostained by a protein A-colloidal gold method. The results obtained were as follows: In light microscopy, Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu-like immunoreactivity was localized in nerve fibers of autonomic ganglion, in beaded nerve terminals around blood vessels of the exocrine parenchyma and pancreatic islet, in eighty-five out of one hundred and seventy-four ganglion cell somas of intra- and interlobular ganglia, and in ganglion cell somas and nerve fibers of neuro-insular complexes. In electron microscopy, colloidal gold particles representing Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu-like immunoreactivity were concentrated on secretory type granules of the ganglion cell somas and on large cored synaptic vesicles of the nerve terminals around blood capillaries. All the positive immunoreactions disappeared with preincubation of the anti-Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu serum (dilution, 1:4,000) with Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu (10 micrograms/ml). Immunostaining was not affected by preincubation of the antiserum with Met-enkephalin (10 micrograms/ml), Leu-enkephalin (10 micrograms/ml) and Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe (20 micrograms/ml). Out of the three precursors for a variety of opioid peptides throughout the body, i.e. preproenkephalin A, preproopiomelanocortin and preproenkephalin B, only preproenkephalin A contains Met-Enk-Arg-Gly-Leu.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Prolongation of platelet survival in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura by high-dose intravenous gamma globulin.

The mechanism of the increase of platelet counts after the intravenous injection of high dose gammaglobulin was evaluated by measuring platelet survival before and after the injection. The platelet survival after treatment prolonged more significantly than that before treatment. There was no evidence of platelet release from bone marrow to peripheral blood. These findings might suggest the inhibition of platelet destruction by transient blockade of reticuloendothelial system.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity-containing nerve elements in the canine pancreas--a histochemical study].

Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity-containing nerve elements in the canine pancreas was investigated by immunocytochemistry. Anti-Met-enkephalin (Met-Enk) serum used as the primary anti-serum was raised against synthetic Met-Enk conjugated with bovine serum albumin by a glutaraldehyde method. For light microscopic immunocytochemistry, Bouin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections not exceeding 20 micrometers in thickness were stained by the PAP method. For electron microscopy, the fixative used was 4% paraformaldehyde plus 1% glutaraldehyde in a 0.067 M phosphate buffer. Ultra-thin sections of Araldite-embedded materials were stained by a protein A-colloidal gold method. The main localization of Met-Enk-like immunoreactivity-containing nerve fibers and ganglion cell somas was as follows: a) on the surface of ganglion cell somas, b) among nerve fiber bundles in the connective tissue septum, c) around blood vessels in the exocrine parenchyma, and d) in the islet of Langerhans. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry showed that colloidal gold particles representing a Met-Enk-like substance were concentrated on secretory type granules of the ganglion cell somas and nerve terminals around the blood capillaries. Met-Enk-like immunoreactivity was eliminated by preincubation of the primary anti-serum with Met-Enk (nerve fibers: 0.1 X 2(-3) g/l, ganglion cells: 0.1 X 2(-2) g/l of the diluted antiserum, 1:2000) before application to tissue sections. The functional significance of Met-Enk-like immunoreactivity-containing nerve elements in both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Antigen-specific murine T-cell lymphomas. II. H-2 restriction of primary and secondary responses.

A stable clone of C57BL/6 (H-2b) radiation leukemia virus transformed ovalbumin (OVA)-specific murine T-cell lymphoma cells was able to mediate carrier-specific helper activity. The ability of these lymphoma cells to express helper activity for both primary and secondary hapten-specific B-cell responses was analyzed in nonirradiated normal or hapten-primed recipients. The lymphoma cells augmented anti-hapten responses in a carrier-specific manner; no bystander effects were noted. Helper activity was primarily noted in the IgG responses. The genetic restrictions affecting the expression of lymphoma-mediated helper activity were also analyzed. The pattern of restriction indicated that genes in the H-2 complex controlled the expression of helper activity; disparities at the Igh complex failed to influence helper activity. The cellular site of the H-2 restriction was between the antigen-presenting cells and the T-cell lymphoma not between the T and B cells. Precise intra-H-2 mapping of the gene(s) which control expression of lymphoma-mediated helper activity was attempted. Although most of the data were consistent with localization of the gene(s) to the I-A region, anomolous responses were noted in one strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibodies against diphtheria toxin fragment A. Characterization and introduction into living cells.

Monoclonal antibodies against fragment A of diphtheria toxin were isolated and characterized. Three antibodies with similar affinities for fragment A had different effects on the NAD: EF2-ADP ribose transferase activity of fragment A; i.e., antibody DA1 almost completely inhibited the enzymic activity at a molar ratio of one, whereas DA2 inhibited only partially and DA3 had no effect. However, when fragment A176 from the mutant toxin CRM176 (about 1/10 as active as wild type) was used, DA2 proved a more effective inhibitor than DA1. The affinities of these antibodies for the enzymically inactive mutant fragments, A197 and A228, were significantly less manifest than for wild-type fragment A. Binding of the antibodies to whole toxin and the chain termination mutant CRM45 was weak. When DA2 was introduced into Vero cells growing in monolayers, by using the red cell ghost fusion method, the cells became resistant to CRM176. The anti-fragment A antibodies may serve as the basis of a simple method for selection of cells into which other molecules have been co-introduced.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗
PubMed1984

HN glycoprotein of HVJ (Sendai virus) enhances the selective cytotoxicity of diphtheria toxin fragment A-containing liposomes on subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus-infected cells.

Fragment A of diphtheria toxin-containing liposomes (naked liposomes) selectively kill subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus-infected cells (SSPE cells) (Exp cell res 132 (1981) 259) [10]. Fragment A-containing liposomes associated with either hemagglutinating and neuraminidase (HN) or fusion (F) glycoprotein of HVJ (Sendai virus) were prepared. These liposomes did not kill normal cultured cells. Fragment A-containing liposomes associated with HN protein were much more cytotoxic than naked liposomes containing fragment A to SSPE cells. Their cytotoxicity to the SSPE cells was influenced by the duration of incubation and the amount of HN protein. Fragment A-containing liposomes associated with F protein had about the same cytotoxicity on SSPE cells as had naked liposomes containing fragment A. Fragment A-containing liposomes associated with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) were also prepared, but these also had the same toxicity as naked liposomes containing fragment A. The effects of monoclonal antibodies against HN protein on the cytotoxicity on SSPE cells of fragment A-containing liposomes associated with HN were studied. The significance of these results with regard to the actions of HN protein and possible reasons for the selective killing of SSPE cells are discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗