Biomedical subjects

T Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to T Uchida.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[Releasing properties of water soluble drug in internal water phase of W/O/W multiple emulsions].

A stable water/liquid paraffin system water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsion was prepared by the two-step procedure of emulsification using a variety of nonionic emulsifying agents, such as Span 80 and Tween 20. After comparison of the releasing properties of such water soluble drugs as cefadroxil, cephradine, 4-aminoantipyrine and antipyrine which were entrapped separately in the inner aqueous phase of the W/O/W multiple emulsion, a large difference was observed. It was ascertained that the difference in these releasing properties was due to no physical rupture by the microscopic observation and the results of the release test of W/O/W multiple emulsion with two kinds of drugs entrapped simultaneously in an inner aqueous phase. This reason was presumed to be dependent on permeation in the oily phase of the drug itself. It was proved that the differences of releasing properties tended to depend on the molecular weight and were closely related to the drug concentration of outer aqueous phase of W/O/W multiple emulsion containing the drug in both aqueous phases prepared as an experimental model. Therefore, two possible mechanisms for the releasing of drugs in W/O/W multiple emulsion may be interpreted as follows: the first is that the mixed and inversed micelles formed by Span 80 and Tween 20 agents in the oily phase act as a carrier of drugs, and the second is that drug molecules diffuse through small pore existing in very thin lamella of the emulsifying agents partially formed in the oil layer owing to the fluctuation of the thickness.

Ampyrone↗

PubMed1991

Induction of kinetic cell death and its underlying mechanisms.

Using a modified Langendorff system, we established an experimental model of kinetic cell death in the rat heart. After calcium (5.5 mM) was loaded for 20 min and 10(-7) mol isoproterenol was then delivered to the perfusion medium, the hearts developed tonic contracture. Histological examination of the myocardium revealed widespread kinetic cell death. Stimulation of alpha-adrenoceptors with phenylephrine did not induce kinetic cell death, even after calcium loading. In our kinetic cell death model in the rat, the outflow of creatine phosphokinase into the perfusion medium was increased after isoproterenol application, with a peak occurring at 45 min. The peak transient increase in the intracellular calcium ion concentration (the Ca-transient) was measured using Fura2/AM, and was found to be augmented by increasing the calcium concentration of the perfusion medium. These results suggest that in the presence of an increased intracellular calcium concentration, even slight stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors can easily induce myocardial injury.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Immunocytochemical and immunochemical detection of a 32 kDa nonamelogenin and related proteins in porcine tooth germs.

Porcine tooth germ was investigated immunochemically and immunocytochemically using antibodies against a synthetic N-terminal peptide fragment from a 32 kDa nonamelogenin found in the inner (old) secretory enamel. In immunochemical preparations, these antibodies reacted to many proteins of differing molecular weights, especially to 140 kDa, 89 kDa, 56 kDa, 45 kDa, and 32 kDa proteins. Analysis of the layers of enamel suggested that the 140 kDa and/or 89 kDa proteins, both of which were found in newly formed enamel, were the parental proteins secreted by the ameloblasts, and that they were degraded to produce 32 kDa and other low molecular-weight proteins associated with progressive mineralization. In immunohistochemical preparation, immunoreactivity at the differentiation stage was detected initially over the amorphous dense material or fine fibrils around calcified globules in predentin, while the stippled material was devoid of immunoreactivity. The amorphous dense material seemed to give rise to a continuous layer of initial enamel. At the matrix formation stage, the immunoreactivity of immature enamel just beneath the putative secretory face of the Tomes' processes was intense. From the surface of the enamel matrix to a depth of about 100 microns, immunoreactivity of prism sheaths was weaker than that of enamel prisms, producing a reverse honeycomb pattern. In the enamel matrix deeper than 100 microns, immunoreactivity was weak and homogeneously distributed. The Golgi apparatus and secretory granules of the secretory ameloblasts showed immunoreactivity. These results suggest that the likely parent proteins of the 32 kDa nonamelogenin protein, i.e., the 140 kDa and/or 89 kDa proteins, play a significant role in the calcification of the enamel matrix.

Ameloblasts↗

PubMed1991

Utilization and metabolism of [U-14C]4' galactosyllactose (O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1----4)- D-glucopyranose) in rats.

O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1----4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl- (1----4)-D-glucopyranose (designated as 4'GL) are produced from lactose with Cryptococcus laurentii OKN-4. Excretion and metabolism of 4'GL in rats were examined using a radioisotope technique. [U-14c]4'GL was synthesized from [U-14C]lactose by Cryptococcus laurentii OKN-4. The 14CO2 in expired air was counted after oral administration of [U-14C]4'GL or [U-14C]lactose in conventional rats, rats treated with antibiotics and germ-free rats. The rate of 14CO2 excretion from conventional rats given [U-14C]4'GL was slower than that from those administered [U-14C]lactose. When [U-14C]4'GL was orally administered to rats given antibiotics, there was a 2-h delay in 14CO2 excretion, as compared to conventional rats. In germ-free rats, total excretion of 14CO2 from [U-14C]-4'GL decreased to about one-third of that of conventional rats during a 24-h period. Radioactivities in the serum, liver, and carcass of the [U-14C]4'GL oral administration group were lower than those of the [U-14C]lactose oral administration group. Radioactivities in the feces and urine however, were higher in [U-14C]4'GL group than in [U-14C]lactose group.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Study on evaluation of masticatory function of complete denture wearers--factors influencing masticatory function and proper test foods for evaluation].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the masticatory function and proper test foods for the evaluation of the masticatory ability of complete denture wearers. One hundred and forty-five edentulous patients participated in this study. The basal seat area, the present and new dentures and the maximal bite force of each patient were divided into several sections and scored. The masticatory ability of the patients was evaluated by the questionnaire on the masticatory aspects of 100 foods. The following conclusions were drawn from the data: 1. The score of the basal seat area, the quality of the dentures and the maximal bite force were associated with the masticatory ability. 2. The masticatory ability of the fifties were higher significantly than the other age groups. 3. The change of the masticatory ability when the patients wore new dentures was small in the fifties and the eighties. 4. The rate of change of the masticatory function between the present dentures and the new dentures was associated with the physical properties of foods.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1991

[Primary carcinoid tumor of the testis with metastasis to the upper vertebrae. Report of a case].

A case of primary carcinoid tumor of the right testis with metastases to the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and epidural is reported. A 53-year-old man was first recognized as being with dysthesia of the left arm and shoulder in April 1986. In June, 1987, he was admitted to the Neurology service, complaining of sudden occurrence of abasia. Myelography and computerized tomography demonstrated an epidural mass and several high density areas in the vertebral bodies of Th1 and Th2. The patient underwent laminectomy from C7 to Th2. At operation, the neurosurgeons noticed a tumor mass in the right scrotum and requested our consultation. Thus right high orchiectomy was performed. Pathological examination including Grimerius' and Fontana-Masson's stain revealed carcinoid tumor of the right testis associated with metastases to the spinal column. Postoperatively, tumor maker studies revealed elevation of blood 5-hydroxytryptophan and marked increase of urinary 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid excretion. They showed remarkable decreases after a course of PVB chemotherapy. The patient has been under our observation as an out-patient for the past 27 months with metastases. This is the first case of primary carcinoid tumor of the testis with metastases so far reported in the domestic literature.

Carcinoid Tumor↗

PubMed1991

[A case of retrovesical embryonal cell carcinoma].

We report a case of an extragonadal germ cell tumor in the retrovesical region. The patient complained of a perineal and micturition pain. Urethrography, CT and MRI showed a retrovesical tumor protruding into the bladder. Alfa-fetoprotein was increased to 12,170 ng/ml. Bilateral testes did not contain any palpable mass by careful palpation. No tumor was detected by ultrasonography, either. Clinically, he was diagnosed as having a retrovesical extragonadal germ cell tumor associated with paraaortic lymph-nodes and bilateral pulmonary metastases. Although he was treated by combination chemotherapy (PVB and VAB-6 regimen) and irradiation, he died of carcinomatosis about 6 months after the admission. There was no evidence of tumor in bilateral testes on autopsy. This case was a second case of extragonadal germ cell tumor originating from the retrovesical lesion in the literature.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

The nature of in vivo cell-killing of deoxyspergualin, and its implication in combination with other antitumor agents.

The mode of in vivo cell-killing by 15-deoxyspergualin (NKT-01) was assessed by measuring change of whole body radioactivity of mice inoculated with 125I-iododeoxyuridine-labeled P388 leukemia cells. Although NKT-01 showed strong life prolonging effect on P388 leukemia-bearing mice, significant excretion of 125I was not observed within 4 days after the start of treatment with NKT-01. Thereafter, the remaining 125I was reduced gradually and reached about half of control level on day 7. Colony forming ability in soft agar media of peritoneal tumor cells taken after completion of 5-day treatment with NKT-01 was markedly reduced to less than 3%. These results suggested that life prolongation of NKT-01 was produced both by a cytostatic effect, which lasts for an extraordinarily long period, and by a subsequent cytotoxic effect. Cell cycle distribution analysis using flow cytometry showed the cytostatic action of NKT-01 caused G0/G1 arrest of the tumor cells. Therefore, the drug-sensitive cycling population of the tumor cells was reduced, and combination with other antitumor agents was antagonistic, if they were administered simultaneously or consecutively with NKT-01. In contrast, if the other drugs such as cyclophosphamide, cisplatin and cytosine arabinoside, were administered prior to NKT-01, a synergistic combination effect was obtained. This synergism might be due to prolongation of the period of cell cycle perturbation caused by other drugs (such as G2 arrest by cisplatin) by the cytostatic effect of NKT-01. Although the precise mechanisms of the cytostatic action of NKT-01 remain unclear, it might play an important role in the combination with other antitumor drugs.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Dioxamycin, a new benz[a]anthraquinone antibiotic.

A new antibiotic, dioxamycin (1) was isolated from the culture broth of the strain MH406-SF1, which was closely related to Streptomyces xantholiticus. This antibiotic was purified by countercurrent chromatography, column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The molecular formula of 1 was determined to be C38H40O15 by HRFAB-MS. The structure was determined by spectral analysis of 2D NMR; 1H-1H COSY, 13C-1H COSY, long range 13C-1H COSY (HMBC) and NOESY. The antibiotic is active in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria and some tumor cells. Dioxamycin is a benz[a]anthraquinone antibiotic related to capoamycin.

Anthraquinones↗

PubMed1991

Purification and some properties of soybean saponin hydrolase from Aspergillus oryzae KO-2.

We had investigated the enzymatic hydrolysis of soybean saponins and selected soybean saponin hydrolase from Aspergillus oryzae KO-2. We attempted purification of this enzyme for further characterization. This enzyme was purified 1500-fold using ammonium sulfate fractionation and Sephadex G-200 gel filtrations. The enzyme was electrophoretically homogeneous and a glycoprotein by PAS staining. By gel filtration, the molecular weight of enzyme was 158,000 and SDS-PAGE showed the enzyme to have a tetrameric structure composed of heterogeneous subunits of 35,000 and 45,000. The enzyme activity was stable at temperatures below 40 degrees C and stable from pH 5.0 to 8.0. The optimum pH was pH 4.5 to 5.0 and the optimum temperature was 50 degrees C. The Km and Vmax for soyasaponin I were 0.48 mM and 9.8 mumol/hr mg protein, respectively. After hydrolysis with the enzyme, soyasapogenol B and alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1----2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl (1----2)-D-glucuronopyranoside were released from soyasaponin I.

Aspergillus oryzae↗

PubMed1991

Effect of sodium bicarbonate and deoxycholic acid on the gastric mucosa of the rabbit.

Deoxycholic acid (DC), a secondary bile acid and one of those most toxic to the gastric mucosa, is precipitated and becomes inactive in the acidic lumen of the rabbit stomach. We sought to determine whether or not oral administration of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and DC injure the rabbit gastric mucosa. Rabbits were divided into six groups. Group 1 was given 10 ml of 10% NaHCO3 followed by 50 ml of 20 mM DC orally every day. These animals had diarrhea and three of five died on the fourth or fifth day. Therefore, the two remaining animals were killed on the fourth day. Animals in group 2 were given 10 ml of water followed by 50 ml of 20 mM DC, those in group 3 were given 10 ml of 10% NaHCO3 followed by 10 mM DC, those in group 4 were given 10 ml of water followed by 50 ml of 10 mM DC, and those in group 5 were given 10 ml of 10% NaHCO3 followed by 50 ml of the DC solution. Group 6 was not treated. Although all animals in the group 2 and one of three in group 3 had diarrhea, they were alive and were killed after eight or nine days. Gross and histological examinations showed that the degrees of gastric mucosal damage in groups 1 and 2 were more severe than in groups 3 and 4. Mucosal damage in group 3 was more severe than in group 4. The gastric mucosa in group 5 was similar to that in untreated animals (group 6). These data suggest that when the gastric lumen is alkalinized by NaHCO3, DC causes more severe damage to the mucosa than it does when the lumen is acidic.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Statistical analysis of the prostatic cancer patients detected from 1985 to 1989 in and around Gunma prefecture].

Prostatic cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the field of urology. The number of patients is increasing rapidly and its importance as a mortal disease is gathering attention. In 1985, we organized a registration system for prostatic cancer patients found in and around Gunma prefecture. In this study, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of the 730 patients registered from 1985 to 1989. The results were as follows. Mean age was 74.0 years old and the number of the patients was the greatest in the eighth decade. Voiding disturbance was the most common chief complaint, followed by pollakisuria, gross hematuria and miction pain. Stage and grade distribution were as follows. Stage A 16.2%, B 21.1%, C 17.0%, D 45.7%, well differentiated 27.4%, moderately differentiated 48.2% and poorly differentiated 24.5%, respectively. A statistically significant relationship between stage and grade was observed. Bone was the most common metastatic site. The highest incidence of bone metastasis was in lumbar vertebra, followed by ribs, ilium, thoracic vertebra and ischium. The value of PAP, ALP and ESR tended to be higher in high stage patients, and that of Hb was lower. Fifty two patients were detected by mass screening. Most of these patients were in an early stage. Most of the patients were treated by hormonal therapy. LH-RH agonists constituted 39.2% of the cases given hormonal therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

[Myelodysplastic syndrome with neoplastic angioendotheliosis: report of a case].

A 62-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of general malaise in May, 1987. No hepatosplenomegary, skin eruption or lymphadenopathy was detected. Laboratory examinations showed mild anemia, thrombocytopenia, normal leukocyte count with no lymphocyte abnormality, hypogranular neutrophils, elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase, increased C-reactive protein and hypoxia. Bone marrow aspirate was normocellular with dysplastic changes in erythroid and megakaryocytic lines which agree with a diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). She was treated with prednisolone which relieved her symptom but she developed high fever, hemiplegia and disturbance of consciousness and died in August, 1987. Necropsy of the kidney revealed large mononuclear cells within the lumen of small blood vessels. Immunohistochemical study of these malignant cells showed positive reaction to the anti-LCA and anti-L26 antibodies. And electron microscopy showed no azure granules in these cells. Then we diagnosed as neoplastic angioendotheliosis (NAE). To our knowledge, this is the first report of NAE with abnormalities in myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages. These results suggest that NAE with MDS originate from a multipotent stem cell.

Female↗

PubMed1991

Diuretic profile of a novel loop diuretic torasemide in rats and dogs.

In the present study, the authors have examined the diuretic action of a novel loop diuretic torasemide and compared it to those of other diuretics, employing normal rats and dogs. Oral administration of torasemide elicited a dose-dependent increase in urine volume and electrolyte excretion, and elevated the urinary Na/K ratio in rats. These effects were more potent than those of the other diuretics furosemide, trichlormethiazide, indapamide and spironolactone. Moreover, torasemide exhibited a similar or higher urinary Na/K ratio than the combination of these diuretics and spironolactone. In a study employing anaesthetized dogs, i.v. injection of torasemide resulted in a higher urinary Na/K ratio in comparison to furosemide, in addition to potent and long-lasting diuretic activity.

Anesthesia↗

PubMed1991

Developmental process of acquired renal cysts and neoplasms in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis: ultrasonographic, morphometric and histopathological studies.

The process of development of acquired cysts and neoplasms in the kidneys of patients receiving hemodialysis was investigated. An ultrasonographic study of 329 hemodialysis patients revealed that the size of the kidney decreased in the first 3 years of dialysis, then increased up to 8 years, and thereafter decreased again. Morphometric and histopathological studies were conducted on 31 kidneys removed from 17 patients. The total number of cysts and total volume of cysts increased over the period of 3 to 8 years, and renal size was positively correlated with total cyst volume during this period. The incidences of atypical hyperplastic cysts and microadenomas increased with prolongation of the dialysis period. Three cases of renal cell carcinoma were observed in the present series, of which two exhibited extensive cystic transformation with numerous neoplastic foci. These findings indicate a close relationship between the extent of acquired cysts, dialysis duration and risk of renal neoplasms.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on flomoxef in mature and premature infant].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of flomoxef (FMOX) in neonates and premature infants were conducted, and the results obtained are summarized below. 1. Plasma concentrations of FMOX at 15 minutes after one shot intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg to 6 cases were in a rang of 33.0-69.9 micrograms/ml and half-lives (T 1/2's) were between 0.68 and 4.89 hours. The plasma concentration of FMOX at 15 minutes after one shot intravenous injection of 40 mg/kg to 1 case was 79.9 micrograms/ml and the half-life (T 1/2) was 2.45 hours. Drug concentrations in plasma upon 1-hour intravenous drip infusion were 71.1-114.0 micrograms/ml and T 1/2's were 1.64-3.41 hours. T 1/2 tended to be couse shorter as ages of babies increased. 2. Urinary excretion rates in the first 6 hours after one shot intravenous injection of FMOX 20 mg/kg to 1 case and 1-hour intravenous drip infusion of FMOX 40 mg/kg to 2 cases were 60.4%, and 27.2 and 55.3%, respectively. 3. Clinical effects of FMOX against 12 cases of bacterial infections were excellent in 6 cases, good in 5 cases and poor in 1 case, thus the clinical efficacy rate was 91.7%. FMOX was also given to 6 cases for prophylaxis and prophylactic effects were observed in all the cases. 4. No adverse effects were observed in the 21 cases examined, but elevations of S-GOT and S-GPT were found in 1 case. The abnormal laboratory test results were probably due to this drug.

Bacterial Infections↗

PubMed1991

[Studies on the changes of adaptation with children in the dental setting. The relationship between the changes of adaptation and various psychological tests].

The purpose of this study was to discover the changes in the adaptation of children to the Dental setting, and to discover the relationship between the adaptation, and the personality of the child, the personality of the mother, as well as the relationship between the mother and child. The subjects were 60 two to six year old children and their mothers who visited at the Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University. The results were as follows: 1) The changes of adaptation were classified in groups of four classes. Four groups: Continuous Adaptability (45.0%) Acquired Adaptability (18.3%) Continuous Inadaptability (16.7%) Extreme Inadaptability (20.0%) 2) The inadaptability groups (Continuous Inadaptability and Extreme Inadaptability) of the two to three year old children did not correlate to the change of adaptation and personality of the child, and the relationship between the mother and child. 3) The extreme inadaptability group with the four year old children showed a connection with the change of adaptation and the various Psychological Tests. Concerning personality, the children showed elements of "dependence" "retrogression" and "maladaptation to school (kindergarten)". Concerning the mother child relationship, there were elements of "anxiety" "dotage" "follow blindly" "disagreement". 4) Nobody showed extreme inadaptability in the group of five to six year old children. Continuous Inadaptability group with the five to six year old children showed scarcely any problems. 5) The Personality of mother did not correlate to the change of adaptation of children in the dental setting.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1991

[Incidental renal cell carcinoma].

We reviewed the cases of incidental renal cell carcinoma that had been treated at the Kitasato University Hospital between July, 1971 and December, 1989. Forty one of the 170 (24.1%) cases were found without any direct signs of renal cell carcinoma. The patients were between 30 and 78 years old (mean 55.0 years) and consisted of 29 males and 12 females. Fifteen cases were detected at the general health check-up and the remaining 26 during the postoperative follow-up for other malignant tumors or other diseases. Twenty three cases were identified by ultrasonography followed by computed tomography (CT) and excretory pyelography in 4 cases each. Especially, the number of patients incidentally found by ultrasonography had increased in the recent 8 years. Urinalysis did not show any microhematuria in 31 of the 37 cases (83.7%), and no tumor mass could be detected by excretory pyelography in 3 cases. We believe that ultrasonography may be valuable as a screening modality for early detection of renal cell carcinoma and should be used as a screening method at the routine health check-up.

Adult↗