[Microsatellite instability and mismatch repair system].
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Apoptosis↗
Biomedical subjects
T Uchida
Publications and source records attributed to T Uchida.
TMC-52A to D, novel cysteine proteinase inhibitors, produced by Gliocladium sp.
New cysteine proteinase inhibitors, TMC-52A, B, C, and D, were isolated from the fungal fermentation broth. On the basis of a taxonomical study, the producing strain, F-2665, was characterized as Gliocladium sp. Spectroscopic analyses and chemical degradation have shown TMC-52A to D to be epoxysuccinyl peptides. TMC-52A to D strongly inhibited cysteine proteinases, in particular, cathepsin L with IC50 values of 13 nM, 10nM, 10nM, and 6nM, respectively.
Cathepsin L↗
Dynamic viscoelastic properties of models composed of posterior denture teeth and denture base resin.
The purpose of this investigation was to compare the dynamic viscoelastic properties of various models composed of denture teeth and heat-cured denture base resin. The specimens were porcelain and resin teeth mounted in denture base resin. Compressive dynamic stiffness and phase differences were measured with a viscoelastic spectrometer. Measurements of the viscoelastic frequency spectrum based on the fast Fourier transform of displacement to applied random forces were analyzed with a spectrum analyzer. The stiffness of the specimens was independent of the frequency. The stiffness of the porcelain specimens was higher than that of the resin ones measured under the same conditions. The phase lag of the specimens was dependent on the frequency. The phase lag of the porcelain specimens was lower than that of the resin ones measured under the same conditions. This study suggested that the acrylic resin teeth had greater toughness and higher shock-absorbing ability than the porcelain teeth, and that the porcelain teeth were more brittle than the acrylic resin ones, whether the teeth were isolated or in dentures.
Acrylic Resins↗
[Fatal pulmonary thromboembolism in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria].
A 38 year old woman with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria was admitted to our hospital because of hemoptysis. Pulmonary infarction was diagnosed by the perfusion lung scan. In spite of the administration of prednisolone, dextran, low molecular weight heparin, and warfarin, she died of pulmonary infarction and secondary pulmonary hypertension. Autopsy revealed thromboembolism of both pulmonary arteries and hepatic central vein thrombosis. Recent understanding of the pathogenesis and incidence of thromboembolism in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria was discussed.
Adult↗
Ovalbumin coupled either with murine red blood cells or liposome induces IgG but not IgE antibody production.
Ovalbumin (OVA) was coupled with murine red blood cells (MRBC) using glutaraldehyde. The OVA-MRBC conjugate induced anti-OVA IgG antibody in mice at almost the same level as OVA in alum. However, no IgE antibody production specific for OVA was observed in OVA-MRBC-injected mice. A significant increase in IGG2a production was obtained with OVA-MRBC immunization, whereas the production of IgG1 predominated in OVA in alum immunization. Am OVA-liposome conjugate induced IgE-specific unresponsiveness in mice in the same manner as OVA-MRBC. Similar results were obtained when antigens other than OVA, such as tetanus toxoid or diphtheria toxoid, were coupled to liposome. These results show the potential of antigen-liposome conjugates for the development of vaccine that induces sufficient IgG antibody production without IgE synthesis.
Alum Compounds↗
[Leukocyte differentiation by MICRO21 system using neural networking as a type of artificial intelligence].
NeuralVision is a type of artificial intelligence that has the ability to identify specific microscopic objects. The MICRO21 system uses neural networking to analyze the features of blood cells; color, shape, size, and density, just as a technologist would. The basic nucleated blood cell processing procedure of the MICRO21 is divided into three general categories; location, segmentation, and classification. Classification takes place using the Neural Network and is fine tuned during post-processing. We evaluated the performance of the MICRO21 automated differential vs. manual differential method. The intra-assay of leukocyte differentiation by MICRO21 was fairly good in normal samples with normal leukocyte counts. The neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils count correlated well between MICRO21 and visual count. Post-processing was performed after the Neural Network has initially classified the cell, in which the confidence levels of MICRO21 to visual count was 87%. By post-processing, coincidence ratio of cell-by-cell by MICRO21 and visual count has been improved to 97%. Based on the above, MICRO21 is an effective and efficient system for locating, storing and displaying images of white blood cells, in which the technologist could determine specific characteristics of cells in each laboratory. Furthermore, the system may be applied to any blood cell and would be important from the perspective of cytological and morphological analysis, such as blood cells in bone marrow and body fluid, in the future.
Artificial Intelligence↗
Protective effect of rebamipide against ammonia-induced gastric mucosal lesions.
We investigated the protective effect of rebamipide against ammonia-induced gastric mucosal lesions. Participation of prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide in the action of rebamipide was also examined. Rebamipide was administered intraperitoneally (10-100 mg/kg) to male Wistar/ST rats (150-325 g) fasted for 24 hr. Thirty minutes later, 1% NH4OH (1 ml) solution was given intragastrically. One hour later, the length of the mucosal lesions was measured (lesion index), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was determined by radioimmunoassay. A 1% NH4OH solution caused gastric mucosal lesions with hemorrhagic necrosis and submucosal edema. PGE2 synthesis was not affected by NH4OH but was significantly increased by rebamipide. Rebamipide decreased the severity of NH4OH-induced gastric mucosal lesions in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with indomethacin (5 mg/kg, subcutaneously) did not affect the protective effect of rebamipide; however, pretreatment with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 1-10 mg/kg, intravenously), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, attenuated the protective effect of rebamipide in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneous administration of L-arginine (100 mg/kg) and L-NNA completely restored the protective effect of rebamipide, whereas D-arginine was inactive. These results suggest that nitric oxide contributes significantly to the protective effect of rebamipide against ammonia-induced gastric mucosal lesions.
Alanine↗
Rebamipide prevents recurrence of gastric ulcers without affecting Helicobacter pylori status.
Rebamipide, a gastroprotective drug developed in Japan, accelerates ulcer healing and reduces recurrence of experimental gastric ulcers. We examined the effects of rebamipide, given during healing of human gastric ulcers infected with Helicobacter pylori, on the quality of ulcer healing and ulcer recurrence. Sixty H. pylori-positive patients with gastric ulcers were randomly allocated to three treatment groups: group O (N = 20) received 20 mg of omeprazole every day for eight weeks, group OR (N = 20) received the same dose of omeprazole and 300 mg of rebamipide three times a day for eight weeks, and group OA (N = 20) received the same dose of omeprazole for eight weeks and 1500 mg of amoxicillin three times a day for the first two weeks. After this treatment was completed no other medication was given. Endoscopic examinations were performed at the end of therapy (for healing rate), one month later (for rate of H. pylori eradication) and every three months for follow-up (for ulcer recurrence rate). At the end of therapy, biopsy specimens were taken from the gastric ulcer scar and examined under the microscope for neutrophil and mononuclear cell infiltration. The ulcer healing rate of the three groups was almost the same; H. pylori in group OA was 65% and that of the other two groups was 0%. The number of patients with a flat ulcer scar pattern (good quality of ulcer healing) was increased and the neutrophil infiltration was significantly improved in groups OR and OA compared to group O. The ulcer recurrence rate was significantly lower in group OA and group OR than in group O. In conclusion, rebamipide is almost equipotent to amoxicillin plus omeprazole for the reduction of ulcer recurrence. The decreased recurrence rate by rebamipide may be due to improvement of the quality of ulcer healing, reflected as in the suppression of inflammatory cell infiltration in the scar, which results from either cure of H. pylori infection and/or treatment with a gastroprotective drug such as rebamipide.
Aged↗
Effect of rebamipide on Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer.
This study was designed to assess whether the gastroprotective drug, rebamipide, aids in eradication of H. pylori. One hundred twenty patients, endoscopically diagnosed with gastric or duodenal ulcers and H. pylori infection, were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. Sixty patients received 40 mg of omeprazole twice a day, 1500 mg of amoxicillin three times a day, and 300 mg of rebamipide three times a day (group OAR); the other 60 patients received the same dosage of omeprazole and amoxicillin but no rebamipide for two weeks (group OA). All patients subsequently received an H2-receptor antagonist for six weeks. At the end of the treatment, endoscopy was performed to assess the status of the ulcers as well as the extent of H. pylori infection. In the intent-to-treat (73.3 vs 51.7%, P = 0.014) and per-protocol analyses (75.9 vs 55.3%, P = 0.021) the cure rates for H. pylori infection in group OAR were found to be significantly higher than those in group OA. Our findings suggest that rebamipide aids in curing H. pylori infection. This drug does not induce formation of resistant colonies and has few side effects.
Adult↗
[A case of exfoliative esophagitis showing like "double-lumen"].
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Aged↗
[B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia].
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B-Lymphocytes↗
[T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia].
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Adult↗
[Myeloblastoma (chloroma)].
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Adolescent↗
[The frequency and development of tissue iron deficiency in 6 iron deficiency anemia patients with plummer-vinson syndrome].
The physical signs of tissue iron deficiency include smooth and red tongue, angular stomatitis, koilonychia, and pica. The incidence of these conditions is unknown in Japan. We evaluated the frequency and development of tissue iron deficiency in 353 patients with iron deficiency anemia. The frequency of tissue iron deficiency was 6.8%; papillary atrophy of the tongue, 5.4%; abnormal nails, 5.4%; angular stomatitis, 1.1%; Plummer-Vinson syndrome, 1.7%; and pica, 0.06%. These findings were compared with the date collected by Wintrobe and Beveridge. The development and incidence of tissue iron deficiency correlated significantly with the severity of iron deficiency anemia.
Adult↗
[Multi-parametric analysis for leukemic immunophenotyping].
We have investigated whether immunophenotyping measured by laser flow cytometry could be corresponding to FAB classification of acute leukemias, using multi-parametric analysis. Sixty-one patients with acute leukemias have been evaluated, including 23 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemias (ALL) and 38 patients with acute myelogenous leukemias. In principal component analysis, positive cell surface antigens could be classified into groups along to the cell lineage and differentiation. In discriminant analysis, the sensitivity by immunophenotypic method to FAB subtypes was 75%, whereas the specificity was over 90%. In cluster analysis, patients have been classified into 4 groups, which essentially corresponded to ALL, M1/M2, M3 and M4/M5. Based on those multi-parametric analysis, a new flow chart has been established, resulting that the sensitivity and the specificity was improved to over 90% and 95% respectively. These results suggest that the classification of acute leukemia using the flow chart could be useful tools for diagnosis of subtypes of acute leukemias.
Antigens, Surface↗
Improved technique of heterotopic cervical heart transplantation in mice.
BACKGROUND: The method for mouse vascularized heart transplantation have been described using suture and cuff techniques. Technical problems have limited its widespread use. Here, we describe our method of modified cervical heterotopic transplantation with the cuff technique. METHODS: By using a smaller Teflon cuff (external diameter 0.6 mm, internal diameter 0.4 mm) and superfine-tip forceps, it became possible to directly pull the edge of the carotid artery and evert the proximal end of the artery over the cuff. Similarly, the external jugular vein could be easily everted over a 22-gauge cuff with this direct pulling method. RESULTS: By these modifications, the operation time was reduced. It usually takes 20 min for the donor harvest, 15 min for preparation of the cervical vessels, and 15 min for anastomosis. All procedures from the donor harvest through skin closure of the recipient mice can be completed within 1 hr, and ischemic time is within 25-40 min. CONCLUSIONS: This method can be used to investigate cyclophosphamide-induced tolerance and mechanisms of reperfusion injury.
Anastomosis, Surgical↗
The effects of heme pocket hydrophobicity on the ligand binding dynamics in myoglobin as studied with leucine 29 mutants.
To examine the effects of heme pocket hydrophobicity on the ligand binding in myoglobin, some artificial mutants of human myoglobin have been prepared, in which less hydrophobic amino acid residue (Ala, Gly, Ser) is located at the Leu29 (10th residue of the B helix) position. CO rebinding rates for the mutants were markedly decelerated, while the 1H, and 15N NMR spectra of the mutants show that the structural changes around the heme iron for these mutants are rather small. The kinetic and structural properties of the mutants indicate that the ligand binding rate depends on the hydrophobicity inside the heme cavity for these mutants in addition to the volume of the side chain at the 29-position. On the basis of the IR stretching frequency of liganded CO, invasion of water molecules into the heme pocket in the mutants is suggested, which would be induced by the decrease in the hydrophobicity due to the amino acid substitution. A slight red shift of the position of the Soret peak for the serine mutant L29S also supports the reduced hydrophobicity inside the heme cavity. We can concluded that, together with the kinetic properties of the mutants, the hydrophobicity of the heme pocket is one of the key factors in regulating the ligand binding to the heme iron.
Amino Acid Substitution↗
A novel high-molecular mass mammalian ethanolamine kinase.
The present report describes, for the first time, a mammalian kinase highly specific for ethanolamine (Km = 41 microM). Ethanolamine kinase catalyzes the initial step in the CDP-ethanolamine pathway for phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis. Although plant and protozoan kinases are known to exhibit remarkable specificity for ethanolamine, no equivalent mammalian kinase has been characterized previously. The easily shocked (eas) mutant of Drosophila has been characterized and found to lack ethanolamine kinase activity while still possessing normal choline kinase activity (Pavlidis, P., Ramaswami, M., and Tanouye, M.A. (1994) Cell 79, 23-33). The gene compensating this mutation encodes a sequence resembling that of choline kinase. In the present report, the eas gene product, expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion protein, is found to have highly specific ethanolamine kinase activity. Anti-eas antibody revealed a protein with a molecular mass of approximately 86 kDa in rat tissues and human HeLa cells by Western blotting, but did not bind rat choline kinase isozymes. Rat liver kinase activity specific for ethanolamine was separated chromatographically and by an immunological procedure using anti-choline kinase antibody, associated with the 86 kDa protein, and immunoprecipitated by anti-eas antibody. This 86 kDa protein is characterized as ethanolamine kinase. Relations with previously reported kinases are discussed.
Animals↗