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Biomedical subjects

T Tursz

Publications and source records attributed to T Tursz.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Second laparotomy in cancers of the ovary treated with chemotherapy. 17 cases (author's transl)].

Seventeen cases of stage III and IV cancer of the ovary with widespread, non-removable lesions were treated with 6 courses of combined chemotherapy including cis-diaminedichloroplatinum, and this was followed by a "second look" laparotomy. Complete remission was obtained in 4 cases by chemotherapy alone and in 9 cases by chemotherapy and second surgical operation. The remissions have been maintained under new courses of chemotherapy, suggesting that a number of patients can recover from stage III and IV cancers of the ovary.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

[Management of cancers of the testis. Results in 61 cases and current trends (author's transl)].

Progress in the management of dysembryoma and choriocarcinoma of the testis has been achieved by more effective chemotherapy (particularly since CDDP was introduced) and by precise timing of surgery, occasional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In their study, the authors have divided the 61 cancers treated into three stages, depending on whether the lesions were limited to the testis (7 patients with choriocarcinoma and 4 with dysembryoma), had invaded the lymphnodes (16 patients with choriocarcinoma and 9 with dysembryoma) or were disseminated (15 patients with choriocarcinoma and 10 with dysembryoma). The prospects of cure are about 90% for stage 1,75% for stage II and 50% for stage III.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[A reserve chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease (author's transl)].

In 22 patients suffering from Hodgkin's disease with visceral lesions resistant to MOPP chemotherapy, the authors have tried a reserve treatment combining adriamycin, vinblastin, bleomycin and DTIC ("ABVD therapy"). On day 1 patients were given a one-hour infusion of DTIC 200 mg with adriamycin 40 mg and vinblastin 10 mg. This was followed 3 to 6 hours later by bleomycin 15 mg i. m. On days 2, 3 and 4, DTIC 200 mg was infused alone, and a treatment similar to that of day 1 but without DTIC was repeated on day 15. There were six courses of treatment altogether. The patients were followed-up for 6 to 24 months. Complete remission without relapse was obtained in 32% of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Carcinomas of the nasopharynx. Relationship between histological type and anti-Epstein-Barr virus serology (author's transl)].

This study was aimed at the comparison of values of anti-Epstein-Barr virus serology in different groups of patients suffering from carcinoma of the nasopharynx (NPC), classified according to histological type defined by the new classification of the WHO. A group of patients with other tumours of the upper respiratory and digestive tract was used as a control. Antibody levels were high in patients with undifferentiated carcinomas whilst they were low in the controls. In patients with differentiated carcinomas antibody levels were most often equivalent to those of the controls, even though high values were sometimes seen. These findings would appear to offer evidence that the new histological classification of NPC is well founded, and to a certain extent reflect the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic classifications already seen for these two types of carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Natural killer and killer cell activities in patients with primary immunodeficiencies or defects in immune interferon production.

Natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity (NCMC) against K-562 target cells was explored in patients with various primary immunodeficiencies. (a) NCMC was present in 2 patients lacking detectable B cells. Conversely, NCMC was depressed in 2 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency presenting a normal number of circulating B cells. These data exclude a major role for B cells in NCMC. (b) NCMC was depressed mainly in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency or with defects affecting cellular immunity, which suggests a major role in NCMC for cells of T lineage. (c) Four patients with various clinical features associated with a lack of immune interferon production exhibited a strikingly depressed NCMC. Interferon thus appears as a major in vivo activator of natural killer (NK) cell activity. (d) Eight patients exhibiting a depressed NK cell activity had a normal killer (K) cell activity against L1210 cells in the presence of rabbit anti-L1210 antiserum. These data are consistent with the assumption that NK and K cell activity are mediated through two distinct cellular mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Dissociation of natural killer cell activity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in kidney allograft recipients receiving high-dose immunosuppressive therapy.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of normal subjects and of kidney allograft recipients treated with immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine and prednisone) were tested for natural killer (NK) cell activity against K562 cells, and for killer (K) cell activity against L-1210 cells in the presence of rabbit anti-L-1210 antiserum. It was found that the natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity (NCMC) was abolished in the immunosuppressed patients while the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) remained normal. Furthermore, no correlation was observed between both activities in the treated group, whereas a strong positive correlation did exist in the control population. Uremic routinely hemodialyzed patients tested for NK cell activity did not exhibit any significant difference with the control group. These data indicate that NCMC and ADCC are different functions, apparently correlated in normal population but discriminated by immunosuppressive medical treatment. The abrogation of NCMC in patients in whom the risk of malignancy is highly increased strengthens the concept of a crucial role of NK cells in the in vivo surveillance toward malignancies.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1980

[Cis-diamminated-dichloroplatinum (CDDP) in the chemotherapy of testicular dysembryomas and choriocarcinomas (author's transl)].

Cis-diamminated-dichloroplatinum is an effective drug in the treatment of testicular dysembryomas and choriocarcinomas. It may obtain results in cases resistant to combinations of drugs already known as being effective against such tumours. It is thus worthy of integration into treatment protocols for forms of these tumours with a poor or reserved prognosis (cases with metastases or lymph node involvement or with chorial participation).

Choriocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Absence of allogeneic restriction in human T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity to Epstein-Barr virus-infected target cells. Demonstration of an HLA-linked control at the effector level.

Peripheral T lymphocytes from patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) are sensitized in vivo against the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The expression of HLA-A, B, or C molecules at the target cell surface is necessary for the cytotoxic reaction because (a) EBV-positive Daudi cells lacking HLA-A, B, and C determinants are resistant to anti-EBV T-cell lysis, (b) cytolysis of EBV-positive target cells can be consistently inhibited by anti-HLA-A, B, and C and anti-beta 2 microglobulin antibodies. However, no evidence for allogeneic restriction in this system was apparent as (a) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from one given individual could exert a cytotoxicity of a similar magnitude on different EBV-positive target cells, regardless of the number of HLA-A or B specificities shared by the effectors and targets; (b) CTL from IM patients were able to kill target cells without any HLA-A or B antigen in common; and (c) T5-1 variants lacking one or two HLA antigens at the A, B, or D locus are killed to the same extent as the parental cells. 7 of the 9 IM patients with detectable circulating anti-EBV CTL carried the HLA-A1 antigen, whereas none of the 16 IM patients lacking detectable peripheral CTL were HLA-A1 positive (mean specific lysis of T5-1 target cells by T cells from HLA-A1 positive patients: 29.3 vs. 0.6% in HLA-A1-negative patients) (P less than 10(-9)). These data suggest an HLA-A1-linked gene control of the magnitude of the anti-EBV CTL response. Thus, the HLA region appears to act at two different level sin the T-cell-mediated lysis of EBV-infected cells by controlling first, the development of anti-EBV and second, the expression of HLA-A, B, and C molecules involved as recognition structures at the target cell surface.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1978

[Placental tumors resistant to usual chemotherapy: treatment with cis-diaminedichloroplatinum (2 case reports)].

As cis diaminedichloroplatinum is active in testicular choriocarcinoma, it was logical to try it for placental choriocarcinoma. This drug has been shown very active on two cases of placental choriocarcinoma resisting to methotrexate and actinomycine D. As cis diaminedichloroplatinum is a very toxic drug, it will be given only in the cases resisting to other and less toxic antimitotics.

Adult↗