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Biomedical subjects

T Tsuji

Publications and source records attributed to T Tsuji.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The effect of reactive oxygen species on the biosynthesis of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in cultured human dermal fibroblasts.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility that the biological changes observed in connective tissue matrix components of photoaging skin may be induced by an alteration of biosynthesis in fibroblasts damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We investigated the effect of ROS induced by xanthine and the xanthine oxidase system on the biosynthesis of connective tissue matrix components, collagen and glucosaminoglycans (GAGs) in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. ROS decreased collagen production and increased GAGs synthesis. Interestingly, these changes were consistent with the biological alterations of connective tissue matrix components observed in photoaging skin. Moreover, catalase and alpha-tocopherol completely prevented the ROS-induced alterations of collagen and GAGs biosynthesis, whereas superoxide dismutase had no effect on the ROS-induced changes. These results suggest that ROS may be one of the factors which cause the biological changes of connective tissue matrix components observed in photoaging skin.

Catalase↗
PubMed1993

Human erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) polymorphism: analysis of blood and bloodstains by an immunodetection method and frequency of the EPB3* Memphis variant.

The erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) variant, band 3 Memphis (EPB3*Memphis), was detected by immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody to the 41 kDa cytoplasmic N-terminal domain of band 3 without protease treatment of erythrocytes. EPB3*Memphis was also detected by immunoblotting from 3-month-old bloodstains subjected to alpha-chymotrypsin treatment. A population genetic study using this method indicated that the EPB3 variant would be useful for forensic work in Japan, since the frequency of this variant in Japanese (Wakayama prefecture) is relatively high (0.159).

Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte↗
PubMed1993

Localization of hepatitis C viral RNA and capsid protein in human liver.

In the livers of patients whose sera contained antibodies to C100-3 antigen (anti-HCV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, the presence of HCV RNA and HCV capsid protein (CP) antigen was demonstrated by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. It was found that occasional hepatocytes in four of ten livers from patients whose sera were positive for both anti-HCV and HCV RNA hybridized with antisense as well as sense oligonucleotide DNA probes, whereas the probes did not hybridize with livers from patients whose sera were negative for anti-HCV and HCV RNA. Monoclonal antibody against a synthetic oligopeptide with amino acid sequence of HCV CP reacted with occasional hepatocytes in six of 14 livers from patients whose sera contained these HCV markers, but not with livers from patients whose sera were negative for both of them. These results suggest that HCV proliferates within hepatocytes since both antisense and sense probes hybridized with cytoplasm of the hepatocytes and that the virus matures in the cytoplasm as the capsid proteins were also found in the hepatocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Parotid swelling. Does it affect serum isoamylase level?

Serum levels of total amylase and P-type, and S-type isoamylase were measured in 57 patients with chronic parotid swelling (41 men and 16 women; mean age 60.4) and the same number of age- and sex-matched control individuals without parotid swelling (41 men and 16 women; mean age 60.3). None of the three enzyme measurements differed significantly between patients with parotid swelling and control subjects. It is concluded that chronic enlargement of parotid glands does not affect serum isoamylase level.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

ABO blood grouping of bloodstains by sandwich ELISA using monoclonal antibody specific for human red cell band 3.

ABO blood grouping of human bloodstains was performed by a sandwich ELISA using a species-specific monoclonal antibody to the amino-terminal cytoplasmic domain of human red cell membrane band 3. In a blind trial, all A, B and O bloodstains (a 1 cm long thread) and AB bloodstains (a 1.5 cm long thread) were accurately typed by this method. Even when bloodstains were contaminated by other body fluids (e.g., semen and saliva), only the ABO blood group epitopes on band 3 of the red cell membrane were detected. Thus, identification of human blood and ABO blood grouping of bloodstains which were contaminated by other body fluids could be simultaneously performed by this method.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1993

Clinical significance of low or negative titer of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen during the course of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in adolescents.

Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was measured by radioimmunoassay in 127 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers (ASC; mean age 19) who had normal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and 16 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CH; 19). All 16 CH patients, who were positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and 5 ASC cases who were negative for both HBeAg and its antibody (anti-HBe), had high anti-HBc titers. Anti-HBc titers in 27 (56.3%) of the 48 HBeAg-positive ASC and 18 (24.3%) of the 74 anti-HBe-positive ASC were relatively low. Two of the ASC were HBeAg-positive/anti-HBc-negative. In a follow-up study of the 19 HBeAg-positive ASC with low or negative anti-HBc titers, 5 had abnormal serum ALT levels and increased anti-HBc titers. In contrast, in the other 14 of these subjects, serum ALT levels remained normal and the low anti-HBc titers remained unchanged and/or decreased. The serological profile of HBsAg-positive/low or negative anti-HBc titer and increased anti-HBc titer with abnormal serum ALT levels are not necessarily exceptional in HBeAg-positive adolescent ASC. It is suggested that anti-HBc is associated with the liver damage that occurs before adolescence in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A method for safe pancreaticojejunostomy.

We devised a new technique to increase the safety of pancreaticojejunostomy in patients with an extended operation for pancreatic cancer. This new pancreaticojejunostomy was created by end-to-side anastomosis with four layers about 7 cm distal to the jejunal stump. The cut surface of the pancreas was placed on the seromuscular coat of the ventral aspect of the jejunum to cover the posterior surface of the anastomosis, and the anastomosis between the pancreas and the jejunum was created using fibrin glue. The pancreatic duct was intubated with a silicone tube, and its stenting tube was brought out through a opening in the jejunum. The anterior surface of the pancreaticojejunostomy was covered by the proximal jejunum as a serosal patch. We used this technique in seven patients. No patient developed an anastomotic leak or any other complication. The anastomosis is covered by the jejunum and is not open to the peritoneum. This new technique of pancreaticojejunostomy may reduce the risk of pancreatic leak, especially when an extended operation is performed.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Elevated plasma levels of a carbohydrate antigen, sialyl Lewis X, in liver diseases.

A carbohydrate antigen, sialyl Lewis X (SLEX), is an inflammation-associated liver cell antigen, which is increasingly expressed as histological diagnosis progresses. A solid phase radioimmunoassay was developed to determine the plasma levels of this substance which were found to be elevated in about 70% of patients with liver disease, with no significant differences among disease groups. Although the plasma levels of SLEX were not directly correlated with the degree of hepatic SLEX expression, the abnormal values were only found in cases with hepatic SLEX expression. Cirrhotic patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma had comparable values. Plasma levels of SLEX decreased significantly in chronic hepatitis patients successfully treated with IFN, but not in those without a favourable clinical response. Plasma SLEX was carried by some macromolecules with chromatographic and buoyant properties of mucin-type glycoproteins, and others of non-mucin type. These observations suggested that (i) the plasma levels of SLEX increase significantly but non-specifically in liver diseases, (ii) liver cells in the inflammatory lesion are probably the origin of the SLEX-active glycoproteins in the peripheral circulation, (iii) both the increased hepatic synthesis and impaired secretion of the SLEX-positive glycoproteins might be related to the tissue expression and plasma levels of SLEX, and (iv) plasma SLEX might be a useful marker to evaluate the activity of inflammatory liver disease in individual patients and to monitor their treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effects of emergency coronary angioplasty on left ventricular volume after acute myocardial infarction compared with intracoronary thrombolysis.

BACKGROUND: The effects of emergency coronary angioplasty on left ventricular remodeling have not been fully evaluated. We compared the effects of emergency coronary angioplasty on left ventricular volume with those of intracoronary thrombolysis in patients suffering from their first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: A total of 51 patients who had a culprit lesion at site No 6 of the American Heart Association (AHA) classification were analyzed. Patients with re-obstruction of the culprit lesion after reperfusion were excluded from the study. The coronary angioplasty and the thrombolysis groups consisted of 28 and 23 patients, respectively. Left ventricular volume was measured by left ventriculography at 4 weeks after infarction. RESULTS: Clinical and angiographic background factors showed no significant differences between these two groups. The left ventricular end-systolic volume index was significantly smaller in the angioplasty group than in the thrombolysis group (31 +/- 14 versus 45 +/- 14 ml/m2, P < 0.01). Similarly, the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index was significantly smaller in the angioplasty group (64 +/- 13 versus 82 +/- 13 ml/m2, P < 0.01). Conversely, the left ventricular ejection fraction was larger in the angioplasty group than in the thrombolysis group (54 +/- 13 versus 45 +/- 13%, P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the selection of coronary angioplasty was one of the factors significantly associated with a decrease in left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volume. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that emergency coronary angioplasty produces better left ventricular remodeling than intracoronary thrombolysis after AMI.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Cryosurgery and topical fluorouracil: a treatment method for widespread basal cell epithelioma in basal cell nevus syndrome.

A 58-year-old man with basal cell nevus syndrome had variously sized basal cell epitheliomas (BCEs), mostly of the superficial type, on his chest, back, and lumbar areas. BCEs on the lumbar area were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) cream which was applied daily under occlusive dressings (ODT). Complete erosion occurred in the center, but not at the periphery of the lesions. In the latter regions, BCE remained. Then cryosurgery (cryo) followed by topical 5-FU (cryo + 5-FU) was tried to treat the peripheral, non-eroded lesions; this caused complete erosions. Biopsy specimens obtained 6 months after epithelization did not show any evidence of recurrence. We also tried either cryo alone or cryo + 5-FU on the chest lesions, and either 5-FU alone or cryo + 5-FU on the abdominal lesions. Cryo alone or 5-FU alone could not clear BCE, but cryo + 5-FU could. These results suggest that the cryo + 5-FU was the most effective of these therapies.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Granulomatous tissue reaction and calcification of heterologous elastin implanted in hairless mouse skin: light and electron microscopic studies compared with reaction of heterologous collagen.

Heterologous elastin particles were injected into the deep dermis or below the panniculus carnosus of hairless mice. A granulomatous tissue reaction with concomitant giant cell formation occurred around the implanted elastin in the early stages and, subsequently, calcium deposition with disappearance of the histiocytes and giant cells occurred in the later stages. Ultrastructural study revealed that some elastin particles were engulfed by the giant cells; others underwent calcification but remained intact. The heterologous collagen used as a control also induced a granulomatous tissue reaction, but did not undergo calcification and gradually disappeared. These results suggest that the heterologous elastin and collagen particles exhibit different susceptibilities to digestion. However, it is not clear why the heterologous elastin underwent calcification.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Giant-cell (temporal) arteritis following a bypass operation for cerebral infarction.

A 61-year-old man was referred to us with linear and indurated erythemas and severe tenderness on the scalp, neck, tongue, and scrotum which had gradually spread over the previous six months. He had a history of an intracranial bypass operation for cerebral infarction. Histologic and ultrastructural examinations revealed giant-cell arteries in the skin as well as inflammatory cells infiltrating into nerves. Carotid angiograms indicated stenosis of cranial arteries. It is suggested that the bypass operation may be related to the occurrence of the giant-cell arteritis and that the inflammatory cell infiltrate into nerves may have caused the severe tenderness of this disease.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1993

Angiokeratoma corporis circumscriptum naeviforme with transepidermal elimination.

A 5-year-old Japanese boy visited our clinic for treatment of a dark bluish papulonodular lesion on his right thigh. The histopathology of the lesion indicated angiokeratoma corporis circumscriptum naeviforme. Topical antibiotics were prescribed for occasional bleeding from the site. Frequent bleeding started in April of 1992, when erythema and itching were observed around the angiokeratoma. Histopathology of the lesion showed heavy lymphoid cell infiltration around dilated capillaries and irregular acanthosis engulfing dilated capillaries. Interestingly, there were confined masses of red blood cells in the epidermal layer as well as both in and on the horny layer. This is a feature of transepidermal elimination. This transepidermal elimination appeared to be triggered or enhanced by the concomitant contact dermatitis due to topical antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of angiokeratoma in which the angiokeratoma itself reduced in size through transepidermal elimination, possibly caused by contact dermatitis.

Angiokeratoma↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of asialoglycoprotein receptor in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Altered expression of asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptors on hepatocytes has been reported during hepatic neoplasia mostly in animal models. In this study, we examined immunohistochemically the distribution of the ASGP receptor in humans with various liver diseases, including ten cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In livers of acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and the non-cancerous tissues (mostly cirrhosis) adjacent to HCC, the receptor was present in its normal distribution, i.e. mostly along the sinusoidal margin and partly on the lateral surface of hepatocytes. In four of six well-differentiated HCCs, the receptor was also normally distributed on the plasma membrane; by immunoelectron microscopy, it was seen in the endoplasmic reticulum and in pits in the plasma membrane but not on bile canaliculus-like structures, suggesting that it was synthesized, transported, and integrated into the plasma membrane in a polar manner. In contrast, there was no surface expression of the ASGP receptor in the remaining six HCCs (two well-differentiated and four poorly differentiated). In two of the poorly differentiated HCCs, the receptor, although absent from the cell surface, was prominent in the endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting disturbed transport of the ASGP receptor to the cell surface. When we examined proliferative activity of HCCs by immunohistochemical labeling of DNA polymerase alpha, HCCs with high percentages (above 30%) of DNA polymerase alpha-positive cells had lost the cell-surface expression of the receptor. Thus, the expression of the ASGP receptor in human HCC appears to be closely related to differentiation and proliferative activity of the tumor cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Quantitative hepatitis C virus RNA and liver histology in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with interferon alfa.

Seventy patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection received alpha interferon at doses ranging from 3 to 10 million units (MU) daily for eight weeks, three times weekly for 12-24 weeks, or daily and three times weekly for 12-24 weeks. The efficacy of interferon was closely related to the initial blood HCV-RNA values in that these were lower in those who responded completely and partially compared with non-responders. Continuous reductions in HCV-RNA and improvements in the histology activity index score were seen in those who responded completely. In contrast, most of the partial and non-responders remained HCV-RNA positive.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1993

Quantitative structure-activity relationships of antibacterial agents, 7-heterocyclic amine substituted 1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids.

Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) of various 7-(3-substituted-azetidin-1-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dih ydro-4- oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids, 14-25, were studied to clarify the structural requirements for 3-substituted azetidines to potentiate antibacterial activity. A good parabolic relationship seemed to exist between the relative mean antibacterial activity indices against five representative gram-negative bacteria, GNM, and the calculated hydrophobic parameters, CLOG P, of these molecules. The CLOG P value of the most potent derivative was predicted to be around 2.3. On the other hand, against five representative gram-positive bacteria, the relative mean antibacterial activity indices, GPM, remained high and rather constant regardless of structural variation in the azetidine moiety. In order to confirm these findings, the QSAR analysis was extended with success to the quinolonecarboxylic acids, 26-34, which bear various substituted pyrrolidine, piperazine and piperidine derivatives instead of azetidines. The findings showed that the introduction of any amide substituent group to these heterocyclic amine moieties would lead to marked decrease in GNM, whereas incorporation of some amino substituent groups at a position two or three carbons remote from the N-1 position resulted in great enhancement of GNM. As azetidine quinolones exhibited somewhat low in vivo antibacterial activities, possibly reflecting their lesser bioavailability, we finally selected 3-amino-4-methoxypyrrolidine as one of the most promising C-7 substituent groups based on our QSAR analysis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗