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T Toyohara

Publications and source records attributed to T Toyohara.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Intratumorous distribution of catecholaminergic clone cells of human neuroblastoma. A catecholamine fluorescence study.

The intratumorous distribution of catecholaminergic clone cells in 23 human neuroblastomas was studied using Falck-Hillarp's method, and the findings compared with the catecholamine (CA) content within the tumour. All the specimens contained elements with CA fluorescence, and the pattern of fluorescence was classified from the distribution of CA-positive cells and neurofibrils, as diffuse cellular (DC), diffuse fibrillary (DF), sporadic (S), clustered (C), island-shaped (I), and bundled (B). The strength of CA fluorescence of both cellular and fibrillary elements correlated well with the CA content within the tumour. In addition, all tumours of urinary VMA-negative cases also contained significantly larger amounts of CA than other, non-functioning, tumours in the paediatric age group. The results of this study suggest that firstly, the ratio of CA-positive cells to CA-positive neuronal processes is proportionately higher in the poorly-differentiated neuroblastomas and that secondly, even tumours negative for urinary VMA or HVA might be polyclonal and contain catecholaminergic elements.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Catecholaminergic differentiation associated with S100 protein-positive elements in human neuroblastoma.

The intratumorous distribution of catecholaminergic tumour cells and S100 protein-positive elements of 8 neuroblastomas, 8 ganglioneuroblastomas and 2 ganglioneuromas were studied using catecholamine fluorescence and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The elements of catecholamine fluorescence were observed in all tumour specimens, even in urinary VMA-negative cases, but the patterns of distribution were not uniform. Catecholamine fluorescence was observed in both tumour cell bodies and neurofibres, and the appearance of the latter but not that of the former correlated with the histological grade of differentiation, thereby suggesting the occurrence of catecholaminergic differentiation within the tumour. S100 protein-positive elements also correlated with the histological differentiation, and were distributed mostly in the area where the catecholamine-containing neurofibres were located. The possible correlation between catecholaminergic differentiation and the appearance of S100 protein-positive elements in neuroblastoma requires close attention.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Influence of ischemia on noradrenergic nerves in the terminal colon of humans and rats.

Sympathetic innervation was examined by fluorescence histochemistry in the aganglionic colon from 13 patients with Hirschsprung's disease. The 2 aganglionic colons subjected to ischemia were virtually devoid of fluorescent noradrenergic nerves. However, the sympathetic nerves of the ischemic colons fluoresced brightly after an in vitro loading of noradrenaline. Such being the case, we investigated the influence of ischemia on the sympathetic nerves in the distal colon of rats. Even 1 h of ischemia depleted the fluorescence of sympathetic nerves in the rat distal colon. Loading of noradrenaline resulted in restoration of the fluorescence in the sympathetic nerves in the distal colon subjected to 2, but not 3 h, of ischemia. The dense noradrenergic innervation, together with the occurrence of small nerve bundles, was characteristically evident in the longitudinal muscle of the distal aganglionic colon from children with Hirschsprung's disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

An immunohistochemical study of serotoninergic nerves in the colon and rectum of children with Hirschsprung's disease.

Serotonin (5-HT)-like immunoreactive nerve fibers were investigated in gut tissue obtained from seven Japanese children with Hirschsprung's disease. In the control untreated tissues, 5-HT-like immunoreactive fibers were observed neither in the normoganglionic nor in the aganglionic regions. After pargyline treatment, 5-HT-positive neuropils were consistently detected in association with the myenteric plexus in the normoganglionic segment, while in the aganglionic segment immunoreactive fibers could not be demonstrated through the entire layer of the bowel tissue. The occurrence of 5-HT-like immunoreactive neuropils by pargyline treatment strongly suggests that the infant bowel is innervated with serotoninergic elements. After treatment with 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP), the immunoreactive neuropils were localized in the myenteric and submucous plexuses of the normoganglionic segment. On the other hand, another type of 5-HT-positive fibers was characteristically demonstrated in aganglionic segments following the drug treatment; moderate numbers of 5-HT-like immunoreactive fibers appeared in the intermuscular zone and within the circular and longitudinal muscle layers. Several 5-HT-positive fibers were present in the hypertrophic nerve bundles seen in a diseased bowel. A possible origin of this type of 5-HT-positive nerve fibers was discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Multiinstitutional evaluation of local injection of absolute ethanol as the new hemostatic method for upper G-I tract bleeding.

Local injection of absolute ethanol was proven effective for hemostasis of gastrointestinal bleeding in our fundamental (Asaki et al. 1983a) and clinical (Asaki et al. 1983b) studies. The purpose of the present paper is to report the results obtained in 258 hemorrhagic foci in 152 unselected cases treated with this method at 6 major hospitals in the Tohoku area in Japan. Sixty (39%) of these 152 cases had shock symptoms due to hemorrhage. Gastric and duodenal ulcers were responsible for the hemorrhage in about 90% of the cases in which our method was applied to hemostasis. Eighty-nine (59%) of the 152 cases had some form of complications such as malignant tumors or liver cirrhosis. Hemorrhage due to postoperative stress ulcer after major surgeries including renal implantation or laryngectomy for resection of cancer was seen in 20 cases (13%). The condition of hemorrhage immediately before the treatment with our technique was classified as spouting hemorrhage for 8 foci (3%), pulsating hemorrhage for 22 foci (9%), adhesion of clot for 179 foci (69%), and hemorrhage from veins and capillaries for 49 foci (19%). In all of these cases temporary hemostasis was obtained. Rebleeding occurred in 17 cases (7%) including 5 cases in which hemostasis was successfully obtained by the repeated use of our method. In 4 of the 17 cases, in which repeated endoscopy was infeasible, emergency surgery was performed. In the remaining 8 lesions in 8 cases, new bleeding or rebleeding occurred more than 1 week after the initial hemostasis had been obtained. Six of these 8 cases died from rebleeding due to DIC syndrome. With our method complete hemostasis was obtained in 144 of 152 cases (95%) including 11 cases (7%) which underwent elective surgical operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Histochemical acetylcholinesterase reactions in total colonic aganglionosis.

Reliability of the histochemical diagnosis in total colonic aganglionosis is controversial. We studied histochemical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactions in three children with total colonic aganglionosis. In all three, there was an increase in AChE positive nerve fibers in the rectal mucosa, obtained when the patients were over the neonatal period. However, a proximal extension of the increase in AChE positive nerve fibers was noted in the distal end of the resected bowel obtained at the definitive operation in two cases out of three. In one, there was no proximal extension in the resected bowel, and in another, there was an increase in AChE positive nerve fibers in the mucosa of the ganglionic ileum. Our findings indicate that the histochemical study of AChE activity in rectal suction biopsy is useful, even in cases of total colonic aganglionosis.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

An improved staining technique for acetylcholinesterase activity using rubeanic acid in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease.

An improved staining technique for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity using rubeanic acid was used to make a clinical diagnosis in 54 children with constipation. Nineteen were thus confirmed to have Hirschsprung's disease. False positive or negative reactions were nil. The sites of AChE activities were in the form of black deposits and the contrast was sharp. This approach should find a wide application for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

Histochemical confirmation of the acetylcholinesterase-activity in rectal suction biopsy from neonates with Hirschsprung's disease.

Proliferating patterns of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) positive nerve fibres were investigated in 23 neonates with Hirschsprung's disease. All subjects were separated into three groups, according to age. In group A (0-10 days old) adn groups B (11-20 days old, no increase in AChE positive nerve fibres was evidenced in the lamina propria mucosae, whereas 7 out of 9 cases in group C (21-28 days old) showed a moderate or marked increase in AChE positive nerve fibres in the lamina propria mucosae. A typical pattern of this proliferation up to the lamina propria mucosae was seen in 30.4% only of all cases in the series, and was limited to group C, where the positive AChE reaction from the submucosa to the muscularis mucosae (including the submucosa only), the rate was 91.3%. Re-examination was preformed in 14 cases over sthe neonatal period. All showed a positive AChE reaction up to the lamina propria mucosae. Suction biopsy specimen from neonates is sometimes inadequate with respect to the lack of inclusion of the muscularis mucosae and submucosa, as a result of a weakly negative pressure by suction. The normal reactions of AChE activity in the lamina propria mucosae do not exclude Hirschsprung's disease in neonates. Therefore, when a histochemical diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease using rectal suction biopsy for staining of AChE activity is required in the neonatal period, the diagnosis is safe and relatively easy at least over three weeks of age as mentioned above.

Acetylcholinesterase↗