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T Todoroki

Publications and source records attributed to T Todoroki.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Influence of zinc deficiency on phagocytosis in mice.

The influence of phagocytic activity on the early stage defence mechanisms in zinc deficient mice was studied using active oxygen production as a parameter and the results obtained were as follows: 1. The body weight of the zinc deficient mice was decreased significantly compared with that of the normal mice. 2. Zinc levels in the liver and blood of the zinc deficient group showed low comparing with the zinc adequate and the control groups (P less than 0.01). 3. The numbers of intraperitoneal (i.p.) cells, which play a leading role in early stage defense mechanisms, showed lower levels in the zinc deficient mice than that of the normal mice. 4. Phagocytic activity was measured as active oxygen production and this activity was found to be impaired in zinc deficient mice. 5. After the typing of i.p. cells and blood cells, it was proved that lymphocyte (lym.) was the main cell (68.5% and 73.8%) in i.p. cells and blood cells of the zinc deficient mice. The control group (non-treated mice) and the zinc adequate group showed a similar pattern of these zinc deficient mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[5-fluorouracil concentration in gastroenterological tumor tissues, in adjacent normal tissues, and in serum after preoperative oral administration of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR)].

The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-concentration in resected tumor tissues was compared with that in the adjacent normal tissues or that in serum. Twenty-three patients with cancer of the digestive organs [(carcinoma of the stomach (12), colon (6), gallbladder (1), liver (1), ampulla of Vater (1), bile duct (1) and pancreas (1)] were administered orally 600-1, 200 mg/day of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) for 3 to 5 consecutive preoperative days. The average 5-FU-concentration in tumor tissues of 14 patients with 16 specimens measured 5 hours after final administration of 5'-DFUR was 62 ng/g. This level was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (21 ng/g, p less than 0.01). With 10 out of these 14 patients, the 5-FU-concentration in the serum was also measured. Among these 10 patients, the concentration of 5-FU in tumors (54 ng/g) was significantly higher than in adjacent normal tissues (19 ng/g) and in serum (12 ng/ml). At 6 to 9 hours after final administration, the mean concentration of 5-FU was 33 ng/g (n = 4) in tumor tissues, 30 ng/g (n = 5) in adjacent normal tissues and 24 ng/ml in serum. There was no significant difference among these mean values. For 4 patients whose specimens were taken at 17 to 18 hours after the last 5-FU administration, the mean concentration of 5-FU was 29 ng/g (n = 4) in tumor tissues, 14 ng/g (n = 3) in adjacent normal tissues and 4 ng/ml (n = 2) in serum.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Study on cases of D dimer values were dissociated from FDP-E].

Determination of FDP D-dimer (D-dimer) has been recently developed for the diagnosis of thrombotic diseases with secondary fibrinolysis. We have studied the correlation between D-dimer and FDP-E concentrations in plasma from 282 patients with 630 samples. A linear correlation (r = 0.9269) was observed between the values of FDP-E and D-dimer. However, 13 out of 282 cases revealed an apparent dissociation of D-dimer concentrations from FDP-E values. Among them, 4 of these 13 cases (Group A) have shown to possess higher level of D-dimer when compared with the expected values from FDP-E, while 9 of 13 cases (Group B) revealed lower levels of D-dimer than that expected from FDP-E. All of Group A patients have been diagnosed as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). On the other hand, in Group B patients, 6 of 9 were shown to have a widespread metastasis of cancer and 2 of them were under treatment with urokinase. To study whether Group B patients were under hypercoagulable or hyper-fibrinolytic state, we have examined ratios of AT III/alpha 2 PI and PIC/TAT in these cases. It has been shown that 4 of 9 patients in Group B have higher ratios of both AT III/alpha 2 PI and PIC/TAT if compared with other patients than Group B. This suggests that patients in Group B have been under hyper-fibrinolytic states.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of preoperative radiotherapy on rectal cancer. Preliminary report on combining radiation with intratumor injections of peplomycin and bromodeoxyuridine.

Between 1976 and 1983, 61 patients with advanced rectal cancer underwent Miles' operation at the authors' institution. All lesions were located 10 cm or less from the anal verge. Of these patients, 25 were treated by surgery alone and 36 were given preoperative radiotherapy. The total dose was 42.6 Gy, (30.6 Gy [1.8 Gy/fr x 5/week]) delivered to the entire pelvis plus an additional 12 Gy (3.0 Gy/fr x 4/week) delivered to the primary tumor. Of 36 patients, 21 were administered intratumor injections of peplomycin and bromodeoxyuridine at the time of boost radiation and 15 were treated without intratumor injections. During the follow-up period (3 to 9 years), in the groups of patients who underwent radiation, there was only one local failure (2.8 percent). In contrast, in the group of patients treated by surgery alone, eight local failures occurred (32 percent). The intratumor injection significantly enhanced the effect of radiation on tumor regression. The incidence of positive lymph nodes was higher in patients in the surgery alone group than it was in the groups treated with radiation. There was no difference in the rate of distant metastasis among the three treatment groups. The five-year survival rate for the radiation with intratumor injection group, radiation alone group, and surgery alone group, was 77.8, 69.2, and 56.0 percent, respectively. No severe complication was experienced.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Antitumor activity of polyanion and its application for drug delivery system of antitumor drugs].

Polyanionid copolymer of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride (DIVEMA) with narrow molecular weight distribution was synthesized and tested of its antitumor activity. DIVEMA showed a significant antitumor activity against colon 26 adenocarcinoma and FSaI fibrosarcoma transplanted in syngenic mice. Furthermore, DIVEMA was used as a polymeric drug carrier of antitumor drugs to reduce side effects and enhance the antitumor activity of the drugs. Adriamycin and neocarzinostatin were attached covalently to DIVEMA and the polymeric conjugates showed higher antitumor activity than the corresponding mother drugs against P 388 leukemic mice.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Fluorometric determination of carnitine in serum with immobilized carnitine dehydrogenase and diaphorase.

A fluorometric flow-injection method for determining carnitine with use of immobilized enzymes carnitine dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.108) and diaphorase (EC 1.8.1.4) was developed and applied to the assay of carnitine in serum of patients treated with valproic acid. After fractionation and hydrolysis of carnitines in serum samples by perchloric acid and potassium hydroxide, liberated carnitine was converted to resorufin by immobilized carnitine dehydrogenase and diaphorase in the presence of beta-NAD+ (1.0 mmol/L), resazurin (12.5 mumol/L), and Tris acetate (0.6 mol/L, pH 9.0) at 37 degrees C. The fluorescence intensity of resorufin was monitored at lambda Ex 560 nm and lambda Em 580 nm. The calibration curve was linear for carnitine amounts from 0.1 to 1.0 nmol. Quantitative analytical recovery and satisfactory within- and between-run imprecision of carnitine in each carnitine fraction were obtained. Interference by bilirubin, serum albumin, and hemoglobin was negligible. Carnitine deficiencies were detected in about 20% of the valproic acid-treated patients (n = 198). The present method should be useful for monitoring carnitine deficiencies in clinical laboratories.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1989

Intense accumulation of indium-111 leukocytes in peritonitis carcinomatosa.

In order to detect the infectious foci in a case of terminal recurrent cancer of the sigmoid colon with intense inflammation, In-111 oxine leukocyte scintigraphy was performed. Leukocytes labeled with In-111 oxine quickly localized within the region of peritonitis carcinomatosa and could be imaged after 4 hours. With time, high activity appeared in this area. And 48 hours after injection, the large intestine was clearly seen. However, no activity was seen in the main recurrent tumor. This suggested that the labeled leukocytes had accumulated in regions of inflammation rather than in malignant tissue. When performing In-111 leukocyte scintigraphy for diseases in which tumor cells and inflammation are mixed, distinguishing the two components is particularly important, and time-sequential scanning is very useful.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1989

Water quality and isolation of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 from an aquatic environment.

According to reports hitherto on the isolation of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 from the environment, environmental conditions at the time of detection differ depending on whether isolation is from the sea or rivers. We based this study on two rivers of differing water quality and studied the trend of a bacteria indicator to observe the conditions of existence of V. cholerae non-O1. 1) It was thought that V. cholerae non-O1 did not flow from the land or other areas of pollution but existed at those points in the river from which they were isolated. 2) The proportion of V. cholerae non-O1 isolated was higher for the river with a higher degree of water pollution and higher in areas of high pollution in both rivers. 3) In rivers with a low degree of pollution or having a small range in water quality, an increase in Cl- and PO4(3-) ions, or an increase in the number of bacteria grown on nutrient agar medium at 37 degrees C for 24 hours appears to increase the frequency of isolation of V. cholerae non-O1. 4) Approximately 13% of the samples of isolated V. cholerae non-O1 exhibited the cholera enterotoxin strain.

Fresh Water↗
PubMed1989

Effects of salinity on the survival of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae under environments of low temperature.

Under low temperature conditions, the effects of survival and growth of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae were studied in laboratory microcosms. As the environmental factors, various concentrations of NaCl solution and that of mono- and bivalent cation added nutrient of polypeptone were used under several temperatures. The results of these experiments suggested an extended survival of non-O1 V. cholerae at low temperature. When a range of NaCl concentration in microcosms water was between 0.4% and 2.0% with absent of nutrient, the survival of this organism was good under the temperature from 10 degrees C to 20 degrees C. With added nutrient, when about 10 mM bivalent cation and over 0.3% NaCl co-existed, this strain was able to grow at 10 degrees C, and showed good survival. This finding suggested the possibility of survival under 10 degrees C.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1987

Generation of superoxide by immunologically stimulated normal human neutrophils and possible modulation by intracellular and extracellular SOD and rheumatoid factors.

Rheumatoid synovial fluids generated significantly greater amounts of superoxide, lysosomal enzymes, and superoxide dismutase from neutrophils into extracellular fluid than osteoarthritic synovial fluids. Rheumatoid factors isolated from serum suppressed superoxide-generating activity of performed immune complexes, but did not suppress that of intermediate-sized immune complexes isolated from RA serum. Synovial fluid neutrophils has a greater capacity to generate superoxide and lower intracellular superoxide dismutase activity, compared with peripheral neutrophils of the corresponding patients. These results suggest that neutrophil superoxide release may be modulated, both by rheumatoid factor and by intracellular and extracellular superoxide dismutase.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1987

Enhancement of pulmonary metastasis of murine fibrosarcoma NR-FS by ozone exposure.

The effects of ozone exposure on the metastasis of a fibrosarcoma (NR-FS) that arose spontaneously in a C3H/He mouse was studied. Male C3H/He mice were exposed to 0.8, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1 ppm ozone for 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 d. After the exposure periods, the mice were infused intravenously with NR-FS cells. At 2 wk postinfusion, the lungs were examined for colony development of metastasis. A significantly higher rate of pulmonary metastasis than that of normal mice was observed in the ozone-exposed mice. The enhancement of metastasis due to ozone exposure varied with length of exposure and concentration of ozone. When 1 X 10(5) cells of NR-FS were injected into the tail veins of mice, the maximal enhancement (459%) of pulmonary metastasis was observed in the mice exposed to 0.8 ppm ozone for 1 d. A longer period of exposure to 0.8 ppm ozone also enhanced pulmonary metastasis, although the prolonged exposure (14 d) gradually suppressed the enhancement (268%). In the mice exposed to the lower concentration of ozone, a lower rate of the lung matastasis was observed; even in the mice exposed to 0.1 ppm ozone for the period of from 1 to 14 d, a significantly higher rate of metastasis than that of nonexposed mice was observed.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1987

[The clinical and histopathological effect of combined preoperative radiation and intratumoral injections in rectal cancer].

Twenty-one Surgical patients with carcinoma of the rectum (Group 3) were treated with preoperative radiotherapy and intratumoral injections of Pepleomycin and BUdR (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine). On the other hand, 25 patients (Group 1) were treated by surgery alone and 7 patients (Group 2) were treated with preoperative radiotherapy alone. The difference in the background factors of the patients for three groups was not significant. The total dose of preoperative radiation was 42.6 Gy., e.i., 30.6 Gy. (1.8 Gy./fr. X 5/wk) delivered to the entire pelvis plus an additional 12 Gy./fr. X 4/wk) to the primary tumor. The reduction rates in tumor regression on roentgenogram for Groups 2 and 3 were 30.5% and 46.5%, respectively. The extent of cancer cell invasion in rectal wall of the surgical specimens was examined histopathologically. In the preoperative radiation group, especially in Group 3, it was indicated that the stage of the lesion had been reduced. The rates of patients with an "ew" of less than 2mm were 64.0% in Group 1, 28.6% in Group 2 and 14.3% in Group 3 (Group 1-3): p = 0.02). The incidence of positive lymph nodes was higher in Group 1 than in Groups 2 and 3. In a histopathological investigation of the patients in Group 3, the degenerative changes were heavier than in Group 2. Scattered mucocele transformation from the submucosal layer through to the adventitial tissue was noted in Group 3. This study suggests that the clinical and pathological effect of this combination therapy is able to increase the local control and survival rate.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1987

The effect of hyperglycemia on the tumor response to irradiation given alone or in combination with hyperthermia.

The effect of hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose level) on the response of a murine tumor to irradiation given alone or in combination with hyperthermia was studied. Tumors were early generation isotransplants of a spontaneous C3H/Sed mouse fibrosarcoma, FSa-II. Single-cell suspensions were transplanted into the foot, and irradiation was given when each tumor reached an average diameter of 7 mm. Following irradiation, the tumor growth time to reach 1000 mm3 was studied and the dose-response curve between the tumor growth time and radiation dose was fitted. Preadministration of glucose increased the size of the hypoxic and chronically hypoxic cell fractions without altering the slope of the dose-response curve where the chronically hypoxic cell fraction is determined as the fraction of cells which were not oxygenated under hyperbaric oxygen conditions. Hyperthermia given prior to irradiation enhanced the tumor response to irradiation, but simultaneously increased the size of the hypoxic and chronically hypoxic cell fractions. Similar results were observed following hyperthermia given after irradiation. When hyperthermia at 43.5 degrees C was given 24 h before irradiation, the size of the hypoxic cell fraction increased with increasing treatment time, while a substantial decrease in the chronically hypoxic cell fraction was observed. Administration of glucose 60 min before hyperthermia further increased the size of the hypoxic cell fraction. Possible mechanisms explaining why glucose administration increases the hypoxic cell fractions are discussed.

Animals↗