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Biomedical subjects

T Tobe

Publications and source records attributed to T Tobe.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Open peritoneal drainage as effective treatment of advanced peritonitis.

In 13 patients with advanced peritonitis (postoperative suture line breakdown in eight and spontaneous intestinal perforation in five) treatment consisted of widely opening the peritoneal cavity and exposing the contaminated viscera. Eight of the patients underwent diverting enterostomy, and the remaining five underwent an additional drainage procedure to evacuate a residual collection. Clinical improvements were observed in all except one who died without favorable response. Some of the clinical manifestations indicative of organ failures subsided in nine of the ten patients. In five patients peritonitis subsided completely, whereas in another seven it was localized, leaving a fistula; in five of them reoperative closure of the abdominal wall and fistula was performed with one operative death. One patient developed a new enteric fistula from the previous anastomotic site that had been exposed after opening the abdominal wall. There was no intestinal obstruction or inreducible bowel pretrusion during the course of treatment. It was concluded that the open peritoneal drainage procedure, combined, if necessary, with diverting enterostomy, should be considered for advanced peritonitis causing grave systemic complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Parametric survival analysis of gastric cancer patients.

A total of 1026 patients with gastric cancer was followed up for five years after surgery and classified into different groups according to surgeons' assessment of nodal involvement, serosal invasion, peritoneal spread, and hepatic metastasis. The survival of each group was studied by parametric analysis, using the log normal model and three parameters estimated: proportion of patients cured (c), mean (m), and SD of log survival times of patients not cured. With these parameters, compared with the conventional five-year survival or the median time, the survival pattern of each group was delineated in detail, and prognostic inferences beyond the follow-up period were made feasible. Groups with more localized lesions were characterized by higher values of c and m. This implied that although patients in these groups have a better chance of cure, they are exposed to a relatively higher risk of late death due to recurrence. This method proved also useful to compare the prognostic values of different classification and to develop better staging systems.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1980

Changes in plasma glucagon after total pancreatectomy in man.

Changes in the blood glucagon reactive to 30K antibody were followed in two patients before, during, and after total pancreatectomy. The blood glucagon level was decreased six hours after the operation, and then increased gradually unless insulin was administered. The increased non-pancreas glucagon was immediately suppressed by insulin administration. The glucagon secretion response to an arginine load was already low one week after the operation, and was absent even three weeks after the operation.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1980

Effects of long term enteral hyperalimentation on pancreatic secretion in dogs.

Acute and chronic experiments in adult mongrel dogs were performed to investigate the influences of a low residue diet (Group I) and an elemental diet (Group II) on pancreatic function. 1) In the acute experiment, intraduodenal administration of the low residue diet produced a significant increase in amylase output in pancreatic juice, while the elemental diet die not. 2) Intragastric administration of the low residue diet or elemental diet to conscious dogs showed little difference between the two groups regarding secretin and gastrin release, at the same pH. 3) Long term enteral hyperalimentation showed that it is the low residue diets which enhance pancreatic secretions. 4) In both groups, carbohydrate metabolism, liver function and electrolyte balance were satisfactorily maintained during long term enteral hyperalimentation and morphologic changes of the liver, pancreas and small intestine were not evident. 5) From the viewpoint of nutritional management, low residue diets should be prescribed in some cases of alimentary surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Glucose tollerance as a predictor of surgical risk and survival in patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

A glucose tolerance test was performed in 75 patients with carcinoma of the pancreas and periampullary region. The glucose tolerance patterns were classified into two distinct types of the parabolic and linear patterns. The linear pattern was observed in about 50 percent of nonjaundiced patients and 40 percent of severly jaundiced patients. The patients with a linear pattern had a high mortality rate and a short life expectancy compared with those with a parabolic pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Studies on rat liver catalase. XI. Site of synthesis and segregation by stripped ER membranes.

We reinvestigated the site of synthesis of rat liver catalase, and it has been reconfirmed that catalase is synthesized not only by free polysomes but also by membrane-bound polysomes. Considerable amounts of nascent catalase on rough microsomes were released from the membrane into the medium upon incubation with puromycin, not transported directly into the intracisternal cavity of microsomes. On the other hand, catalase newly synthesized in vitro was shown to be segregated by stripped rat liver microsomal membranes in a state resistant to proteolysis. Since this segregation occurred without coupled protein synthesis, catalase appears to be transported by a mechanism different from co-translational transfer. A hypothesis is presented regarding the mechanism of intracellular transport of liver catalase.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Stimulltion of mitochondrial phosphorylative activity in the regenerating rabbit liver following oral antibiotic treatment.

In this investigation, oral Kanamycin was administered to young male rabbits for 3 days, the control group receiving only water. Partial hepatectomy was then performed in all of them, and mitochondrial activity, energy charge and portal vein ammonia were measured at 12 and 24 h postoperatively. It was found that mitochondria from oral Kanamycin-treated rabbits have higher respiratory control ratios, higher state 3 respiration and higher P/O ratios than the control group, suggesting a further enhancement of phosphorylative activity. Energy charge in the Kanamycin-treated group showed less acute changes suggesting a positive balance in the energy status of those livers. The ammonia level here was much lower than in the control group. These findings suggest that the removal or the decrease of the overloading effect of ammonia resulting from bacterial activities in the intestine, has a beneficial effect on the healing process in liver surgery.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1980

Angiography and pancreatoductography in resectable carcinoma of the pancreas.

Angiography and pancreatoductography were performed in 18 patients with resectable carcinoma of the pancreas. The presence or absence of vascular and ductal tumor involvement was evaluated. Accurate diagnosis was obtained in 83 per cent at pancreatoductography alone, in 66 per cent at angiography alone, while combination of the methods resulted in 94 per cent accuracy. Tumor involvement of the capsule and secretion stagnation in the distal part of the pancreas are of importance for the surgical management and the survival after resection. An improved result after surgery may be obtained by combined evaluation of the vascular and ductal morphology as demonstrated at preoperative radiography.

Celiac Artery↗
PubMed1980

Hemodynamic response of the pancreas to synthetic chicken VIP in dogs.

The effects of synthetic chicken VIP (an octacosapeptide corresponding to the entire sequence of chicken VIP) on pancreatic blood flow and on systemic arterial pressure was examined in dogs. The relationship between pancreatic blood flow and systemic arterial pressure in response to synthetic chicken VIP was also investigated. Pancreatic blood flow increased promptly and significantly with exogenous synthetic chicken VIP. Synthetic chicken VIP administered in graded doses resulted in dose-dependent increases in both the peak rate of the pancreatic blood flow and the duration of the response of the pancreatic blood flow. Graded doses of synthetic chicken VIP also elicited both a graded increase in the systemic systolic pressure and a decrease in the systemic diastolic pressure. Therefore, synthetic chicken VIP given in graded doses resulted in a dose-dependent augmentation of the maximum pulse pressure. Pancreatic blood flow increased despite a fall in the systemic arterial pressure in response to synthetic chicken VIP. This increase in blood flow lasted significantly longer than the changes in the systemic arterial pressure. It was clarified in this study that synthetic chicken VIP has a biological effect on both the pancreatic blood flow and the systemic arterial pressure. The results of our experiments also suggest that synthetic chicken VIP itself may directly induced vasodilatation of the local vessels in the pancreas.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Time-course of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic oxidoreduction state of rat liver following an intravenous glucose load.

Changes in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic oxidoreduction states after an intravenous glucose infusion were studied in the freeze-clamped liver of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In normal rats the mitochondrial oxidoreduction state (NAD+/NADH) increased maximally at 5 min after glucose infusion (p less than 0.001) and then returned to about normal fasting level at 30 min later. The cytoplasmic oxidoreduction state reached its peak level at 30 min after glucose infusion (p less than 0.001). A clear temporal correlation was observed between the mitochondrial oxidoreduction state and insulin and glucose levels in plasm. On the other hand, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats no changes were detected in the oxidoreduction state os either mitochondria or cytoplasm in response to glucose infusion. Therefore the increase in portal insulin level as it occurs in response to the rise of blood glucose may play a role in the shift of the mitochondrial oxidoreduction state to its more oxidized state. This shift seems likely to be due to an accelerated removal of the reducing equivalents through electron transfer by the respiratory chain.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Studies on peptides. LXXXVII. Synthesis of an octacosapeptide amide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of chicken vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).

The octacosapeptide amide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of chicken VIP was synthesized in a conventional manner, using a new arginine derivative, NG-mesitylene-2-sulfonylarginine, Arg(Mts). Treatment of a fragment, Z(OMe)-Thr-Asp-Asn-Tyr-NHNH2 with methanesulfonic acid or HBr was found to give a product with a low recovery of Asp, after aminopeptidase digestion. Ring closure of the Asp-Asn unit seemed to be responsible for this phenomenon. Deprotection with HF or TFA exhibited definitely less such a tendency. In the final step of the synthesis, all protecting groups, including the Mts group, were removed by HF in the presence of m-cresol and the deprotected peptide was purified by ion-exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose followed by isoelectric focusing in Ampholine pH 9--1. Synthetic peptide exhibited the identical Rf value with that of natural chicken VIP and was active as the natural peptide.

Amides↗