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Biomedical subjects

T Tobe

Publications and source records attributed to T Tobe.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Sequential changes in blood concentrations of fuels in relation to arterial blood ketone body ratio after 70% hepatectomy in rabbits.

The changes in arterial blood levels of glucose, free fatty acids, ketone bodies, and amino acids were investigated after 70% hepatectomy in rabbits in relation to the changes in adenylate energy charge of the remnant liver and ketone body ratio of arterial blood. Hepatic energy charge decreased to 0.767 +/- 0.008 within 24 h (p less than 0.001), and arterial blood ketone body ratio decreased to 0.415 +/- 0.041 within 12 h (p less than 0.001). Plasma free fatty acid concentrations increased to about twice the original values within 12 h (p less than 0.01), total amino acid concentrations also doubled within 24 h (p less than 0.01), and blood glucose levels decreased to below 100 mg/dl at 12 and 24 h (p less than 0.05). Afterward, at 96 h postoperatively (p.o.), blood ketone body ratio and energy charge levels were restored to near normal levels with the normalization of blood glucose, plasma free fatty acids, and plasma amino acids. These findings suggest that the decreased energy charge of the remnant liver concomitant with a fall in blood ketone body ratio may be the basis of the sequential changes in the blood concentration of fuels after massive hepatectomy.

Alanine↗
PubMed1985

Single stranded DNA binding antibodies in patients with obstructive jaundice.

An elevation of single stranded (ss) DNA binding antibodies was present in patients with biliary tract stones and/or tumor of the biliary tract or of the pancreas. The incidence of the appearance of ssDNA binding antibodies was 22 percent in cases of non-obstructive jaundice and 50 percent in those with obstructive jaundice. The incidence was particularly high (70 percent) in patients with obstructive jaundice of over 50 days duration. No significant correlation was seen between the levels of ssDNA binding antibodies and the serum total bilirubin. However, a significant correlation was observed between the levels of ssDNA binding antibodies and the serum IgM.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The fundamental factor determining the clinical prognosis of prolonged jaundice--relation to the arterial ketone body ratio.

Factors related to the prognosis of patients with hyperbilirubinemia were investigated in 16 highly jaundiced patients. Patients who died within 3 weeks showed a deterioration of the hepatic energy status, measured by the arterial ketone body ratio, but patients who did not die within 3 weeks after the measurement of the ketone body ratio had a ratio within the normal range, despite high total bilirubin levels (18 mg/0.1 L). C3, C4 and CH50 in the former were also significantly lower than those in the latter. However, endotoxin and high fever occurred to the same extent, in the both groups. Thus, hepatic energy balance is the most pertinent factor related to prognosis, and is concerned with both the hepatocyte and reticuloendothelial systems. On the other hand, infection or endotoxin, when the energy balance is disturbed, becomes an aggravating but not a fundamental factor.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1985

Portal arteriovenous fistula following partial gastrectomy.

An emergency transthoracic transection of the esophagus was performed on a 62 year old man for hematemesis caused by rupture of esophageal varices. Hepatic functional reserve of this patient was classified as Child C. Postoperative celiac arteriography revealed an arteriovenous fistula between a branch of the gastroduodenal artery and a branch of the superior mesenteric vein. He had undergone a partial gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction 15 years earlier. Bleeding from the esophageal varices did not recur, but he subsequently died of liver failure. In some areas of the liver the microscopic changes were similar to those occurring in cirrhosis, but in most areas they resembled those seen in congestive liver fibrosis. This case suggested that portal arteriovenous fistula is an important predisposing cause leading to deterioration of liver function.

Arteries↗
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of the effect of transcatheter arterial embolization as preoperative therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma].

From May 1982 till Nov. 1984, we performed 90 hepatic resection for primary or metastatic liver tumor. Preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) was performed on 14 of them. All resected specimens of 14 cases were examined histologically. Effectiveness of TEA was estimated by the ratio of the necrotic area to the whole area of the tumor. Necrosis of the main tumor more than 90% was found in 10 of 14 cases, though necrosis of the daughter nodules was detected in only one of six cases. In hepatectomized patients, two-year-survival of the preoperative TAE cases had not been statistically improved compared with the non-TAE cases.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1985

IgA containing circulating immune complexes and IgA anti-single stranded DNA antibodies in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Elevated levels of IgA containing circulating immune complexes (IgA-CIC) and IgG containing (IgG-) CIC were detected in patients with obstructive jaundice due to biliary tract stones and/or tumour of biliary tract or pancreas. Levels of serum IgA were also elevated, and correlated with the levels of IgA-CIC. The levels of IgA and IgG anti-single stranded (ss) DNA were elevated, and there was a significant correlation between the levels of IgA-CIC and IgA anti-ssDNA antibodies. The cause of IgA-CIC increase in patients with obstructive jaundice might be due not only to simple obstruction of biliary tract but also to other factors such as a tissue destruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Multidisciplinary treatment of cancer of the pancreas].

During the past 18 and a half years, 285 patients with cancer of the pancreas have been treated in our hospital. By means of en-bloc resection of the lesion with the portal vein and/or hepatic artery, the resectable rate of cancer of the head of the pancreas was improved to 53% (1979-1983) from 22% (1966-1978). Postoperative deaths within 30 days after pancreatectomy were 9.8%. The five years survival rate in those with Stage I and II was 28.7%, but that with Stage III and IV was 15.2%. Intraoperative and/or external radiation therapy was adopted on 16 patients, in some of whom hyperthermia was further combined. As a result, remarkable effects on performance status were obtained. Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using a transfemorally implanted catheter was performed on ten patients with unresectable lesions, the median survival of whom was however, only four and a half months.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[An appraisal of the surgical management of stage I and II cancers of the pancreas].

During the period between 1966 and 1984, 65 patients with duct cell cancer of the head of the pancreas underwent pancreatectomy. Among the 15 cases with tumors less than 2 cm in size, 27% were in stage I, 53% in stage II and 20% in stages III and IV, suggesting that small pancreatic cancer is not compatible with early cancer. Prognosis of cancer of the pancreas was mainly dominated by the stage of the cancer and radicality of the operation. The 5-year survival rate in patients with curative resection in stages I and II was 60%, and prognosis was particularly satisfactory in cases with no, So, Rpo and Vo. In cases of tubular adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, the prognosis was also influenced by the lymphatic, venous, perineural and connective tissue infiltrations. These results substantiate the concept that extended radical pancreatectomy is an indispensable procedure for cancer of the pancreas even in stages I and II.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Changes in acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutyrate ratio in arterial blood following hepatic artery embolization in man.

Acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutyrate ratio in the hepatic venous blood was compared to the ratios in arterial blood and peripheral venous blood in hypoxic state following right hepatic artery embolization in 5 patients with liver cancer. Ketone body ratios in right hepatic venous blood were positively correlated with those in arterial blood (r = 0.960, p less than 0.001), but not with those in peripheral venous blood. The free NAD+/NADH ratio of the liver mitochondria, which is reflected by the ketone body ration in hepatic venous blood, can be evaluated by the ketone body ratio in the arterial blood.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1984

Neglected role of torsion and constriction in pathogenesis of simple adhesive bowel obstruction.

We critically analysed the mechanism of simple adhesive bowel obstruction in 88 re-laparotomies for this condition, paying special attention to obstructing factors beside angulation. Twenty-six obstructions were caused by bowel-to-bowel adhesion, and 42 by adhesion of bowel to other structures, whereas in the remaining 20 these two types were combined. Although angulation was almost always found at the site of obstruction, torsion (twisting of bowel about its axis) was detected in 25 of the 33 in situ observations, usually accompanied by various degrees of organic constriction. In bowel-to-bowel adhesion, the torsion and constriction were produced by a unique relation of the bowel to the adhesion; the latter connected one side of the mesenteric margin to the opposite side, encircling the bowel wall obliquely. This was never seen on nonobstructing adhesions. We conclude that torsion and constriction are important causes of simple bowel obstruction as well as strangulated obstruction.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1984

Isolation and physical mapping of temperature-sensitive mutants defective in heat-shock induction of proteins in Escherichia coli.

Mutants of Escherichia coli K12 that are partially or totally defective in induction of major heat-shock proteins and cannot grow at high temperature (42 degrees C) were isolated by localized mutagenesis. These mutants carry a single mutation in the gene htp R (formerly hin) located at min 76 on the E. coli genetic map. Some mutants exhibit delayed (partial) induction of heat-shock proteins or require a higher temperature for induction than the wild type, whereas others are not induced under any of these conditions. The maximum temperature that allows growth varies among different mutants and is correlated with the residual induction capacity. Temperature-resistant revertants obtained from each mutant are fully or partially recovered in heat-shock induction. These results indicate that the inability of htp R mutants to grow at high temperature is due to the defect in heat-shock induction. In addition, a couple of mutants was found that produce significantly higher amounts of heat-shock proteins even at 30 degrees C. The htp R gene has been cloned into plasmid pBR322 using the above mutants, and was localized to a DNA segment of 1.6 kilobase pairs. The mutants harboring certain plasmids that carry a part of htp R produce temperature-resistant recombinants at high frequency. This permits further localization of mutations within the htp R gene. Analysis of proteins encoded by each of the recombinant plasmids including the one carrying a previously isolated amber mutation (htp R165) led to the identification of a protein with an apparent molecular weight of about 36,000 daltons as the htp R gene product.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1984

Ketogenesis during sepsis in relation to hepatic energy metabolism.

The concentrations of acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and adenine nucleotides, and the mitochondrial phosphorylative activities, induced by cecal ligation and punctured in the liver of septic rats, were determined. The concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), and free amino acids in arterial blood were also studied along with ketone body concentrations. Hepatic energy charge levels decreased from 0.84 to 0.77 at 12h after the induction of sepsis (P less than 0.01) and to 0.60 at 18h (P less than 0.001). Mitochondrial phosphorylative activity was enhanced at 6h (P less than 0.001) and decreased at 18h later. Ketone body concentrations in the liver and the arterial blood decreased concomitant with the decrease in hepatic energy charge. The mitochondrial redox state increased significantly at 12 and 18h after the induction of sepsis (P less than 0.01) concomitant with a marked decrease in the concentrations of ketone bodies (P less than 0.01). Blood glucose levels remained within normal limits except for a transient increase at 6h, but plasma FFA levels decreased (P less than 0.01). The plasma concentrations of aromatic amino acids (P less than 0.001), proline, and alanine (P less than 0.05) increased slightly at 18h. It is suggested that the ketogenic capacity of the liver is inhibited during sepsis, but that the liver maintains gluconeogenesis at relatively normal levels until a more advanced stage of sepsis.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1984

Effects of trypsin inhibitor on the remnant pancreas after 85 percent pancreatectomy in rats.

Major resection of the pancreas leads to disorders of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas. The effect of a trypsin inhibitor on the remnant pancreas was studied in rats after 85 percent pancreatectomy. Impairments of the glucose elimination rate and the integrated insulin response after 85 percent pancreatectomy were improved by means of oral administration of a synthetic trypsin inhibitor for 4 and 12 weeks. The pancreatic insulin content in the animals treated with trypsin inhibitor for 13 weeks increased to about 1.3 times than that obtained in control animals. The exocrine pancreatic function in 85 percent pancreatectomized rats treated with trypsin inhibitor for 4 weeks and 12 weeks showed substantial improvement as shown by the test with N-benzoyl-L-tyrosil-p-aminobenzoic acid (BT-PABA). The pancreatic amylase, lipase, and protein contents in the animals treated with trypsin inhibitor were increased to 1.9, 1.7 and 2.1-fold, respectively, as compared to control animals for 13 weeks. Histologic examination showed a decrease in abnormal islets of Langerhans, and a tendency toward hypertrophy of the acinar cells. These results suggest that oral administration of a trypsin inhibitor to rats is effective in improving pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions after 85 percent pancreatectomy.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗