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Biomedical subjects

T Tobe

Publications and source records attributed to T Tobe.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A functional study of a case of glucagonoma exhibiting typical glucagonoma syndrome.

A 46-year-old man had a 7-year history of severe rash, which was then diagnosed as necrolytic migratory erythema. He had a weight loss of 6 kg, abnormal glucose tolerance test findings, anemia, glossitis, hair loss, and hypoproteinemia. Plasma amino acids levels were significantly decreased, and the fasting plasma glucagon (IRG) level was high at 5000 to 8000 pg/ml. Circulating IRG significantly increased after oral glucose loading, meal ingestion, and arginine infusion, and decreased with somatostatin infusion and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. No other gut or pancreatic hormone levels in plasma were elevated. Plasma IRG was eluted by gel-filtration, mainly in the position of true glucagon (MW 3500) by antiserum 30K. The rash was markedly improved after infusion of amino acids. Computerized tomography (CT) scan and celiac angiography revealed a large pancreatic tumor with multiple liver and lymph node metastases. The pancreatic tumor was totally resected, and was identified as glucagonoma by immunohistochemical technique. Since the plasma IRG levels remained high after surgery, the patient received dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide therapy. After several courses of this treatment, plasma IRG levels decreased to 1000 to 2000 pg/ml, and the hepatic metastases were remarkably diminished in size.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1986

Influence of obstructive jaundice on pancreatic growth and on basal plasma levels of cholecystokinin and gastrin in rats.

Obstructive jaundice was produced in rats by ligation and transection of bile duct outside the liver; the control group underwent laparotomy alone. Pancreatic wet weight, amylase, lipase, protein, DNA, RNA, RNA/DNA ratio, and weight/100 micrograms DNA were significantly increased in jaundiced rats when compared to control rats. Histologic evaluation of pancreatic tissue obtained from jaundiced rats revealed the appearance of large or multiple nuclei in pancreatic acinar cells. Basal plasma levels of immunoreactive CCK were significantly increased in jaundiced rats at two weeks and four weeks but, when compared to the levels obtained in laparotomized controls at those time intervals, CCK levels were not significantly different. In jaundiced rats, plasma immunoreactive gastrin was found to be significantly decreased at two and four weeks. Plasma gastrin levels were also found significantly decreased when the jaundiced group was compared with laparotomized control group. The results suggest that obstructive jaundice induced enlargement of the pancreas, probably due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy of pancreatic cells. Whether or not this phenomenon is related to changes in gastrin and CCK is not known.

Amylases↗
PubMed1986

Effect of hepatic artery embolization on the adenylate energy charge level and the redox state of the cirrhotic liver.

Hepatic energy charge ((ATP + 1/2ADP)/(ATP + ADP + AMP)) and arterial blood ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate) were measured after hepatic artery embolization in carbon-tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic rats. In normal livers, energy charge slightly decreased at 3 h and returned to normal levels at 6 h. By contrast, in cirrhotic livers, energy charge was drastically decreased at 3 h after embolization and was not completely recovered at 6 h. Blood ketone body ratio, reflecting hepatic mitochondrial redox (NAD+/NADH) state, also decreased at 3 h after embolization in both groups, and its recovery was not observed in cirrhotic group at 6 h.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1986

Morphology of the human and dog spleen with special reference to intrasplenic microcirculation.

The terminal structure of splenic arterial capillaries, studied by scanning transmission electron microscopy, provided a three-dimensional view of the microarchitecture of human and dog spleens. There are reports that the terminal arterial capillaries end "openly" in the cord, however, our microphotographs indicate the possibility of a closed circulation in humans and dogs. In the human spleen, we found two types of arterial capillaries, one with a flat and continuous endothelium, and the other with discontinuous rod-shaped endothelial cells and a sheath-like structure. The microarchitecture and the termination of these arterial capillaries differ markedly among species.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of synthetic chicken and porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide on pancreatic blood flow in dogs.

Studies were conducted in dogs to determine the effect of synthetic chicken and porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide on blood flow and exocrine secretion of the pancreas and on systemic arterial pressure. The stimulatory effect of synthetic chicken vasoactive intestinal peptide on blood flow and exocrine secretion of the pancreas was almost similar to that observed after synthetic porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulation, whereas, synthetic chicken vasoactive intestinal peptide retained only approximately two thirds of the potency of synthetic porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide in its effect on lowering systemic arterial pressure. This study suggests that an increase in exocrine pancreatic secretion may be related to an increase in pancreatic blood flow in response to vasoactive intestinal peptide. This study leads us to speculate that total amounts of splanchnic organ blood flow increased in response to porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide are much more greater than those after chicken vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulation, although we cannot exclude the possibility that porcine vasoactive intestinal peptide may be much more potent in its effect on vasodilations in peripheral systemic vessels in comparison with chicken vasoactive intestinal peptide.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Galanin-induced hyperglycemia: effect on insulin and glucagon.

Synthetic galanin, infused at a rate of 4 micrograms/kg body weight/h for 30 min, elicited a mild but significant hyperglycemia in conscious dogs and a fall in plasma insulin. Pancreatic glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol and growth hormone levels were not affected significantly. The mild hyperglycemic action of galanin seems to be due to an inhibition of insulin production. Thus galanin appears to be involved in glucose homeostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Short-term changes in blood ketone body ratios in the phase immediately after hepatic artery embolization: their clinical significance.

Changes in arterial and hepatic venous blood ketone bodies were investigated following transcatheter hepatic artery embolization (THAE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Acetoacetate/ beta-hydroxybutyrate ratio (ketone body ratio) in arterial blood was positively correlated with those of hepatic venous blood (r = 0.960, p less than 0.001), which reflects the mitochondrial redox potential in the embolized lobe. Nine cirrhotic patients were classified into three groups according to the changes in arterial blood ketone body ratio following THAE: Type A without decrease to below 0.7; Type B with a transient decrease to below 0.7, followed by its restoration within 5 hours; and Type C with decrease to below 0.7 without recovery within 5 hours. There were no serious complications in Type A and B patients. By contrast, severe sepsis and hepatic failure developed in Type C patients, possibly due to the extended embolization of both lobes. It is suggested that THAE can be successfully performed even in severely cirrhotic patients, as long as the embolized area is restricted to one lobe. In addition, changes in arterial blood ketone body ratios can give early information about the likely consequences of the THAE procedure just performed.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1986

Role of blood transfusion in organ system failure following major abdominal surgery.

Using multivariate probit analysis, the data of 565 patients who underwent major abdominal surgery were retrospectively analyzed, and the etiologic role of blood transfusion in organ system failure (OSF), which includes respiratory failure, gastrointestinal stress bleeding, renal failure, nonobstructive, nonhepatitic jaundice, and coagulopathy, was studied. Apart from the amount of blood transfusion, the following factors were included in the analysis as possible contributors to OSF: age, preoperative hematocrit, organ failure risk (diffuse peritonitis, obstructive cholangitis, liver cirrhosis, terminal cancer, and hemorrhagic shock), operative time, blood loss, and postoperative highest hematocrit. The results showed that, except for preoperative hematocrit, all the factors are statistically significant contributors, blood transfusion being the most significant. There was no statistically significant interaction between blood transfusion and organ failure risk. It is concluded that blood transfusion is an important, independent factor contributing to OSF, and its contribution cannot be attributed to the underlying conditions that require blood transfusion.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

Relationship between secretory IgA, IgA-containing (C3-fixing) circulating immune complexes, and complement components (C3, C4) in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Serum secretory IgA, IgA-containing circulating immune complexes (IgA-CIC), complement components, and major immunoglobulins were measured in patients with biliary tract stones and/or tumors of the biliary tract or pancreas. The levels of secretory IgA and total IgA were increased in patients with and without obstructive jaundice. The levels of both C3 and C4 were significantly higher in patients with or without obstructive jaundice than in healthy controls. In patients with obstructive jaundice the increased levels of secretory IgA, total IgA, and IgA-CIC were correlated with the increase of C3 but not with that of C4.

Adult↗