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Biomedical subjects

T Teshima

Publications and source records attributed to T Teshima.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Assessment of response to therapy based on the application of the guideline of reporting treatment results of head and neck cancer].

It seems difficult to compare the treatment results to each other, without "common language" to describe cancer therapy and its results. In this paper, guideline of reporting treatment results of head and neck cancer was applied to carcinoma of the pharynx and larynx. There were some problems in reporting of response, such as the measurability and assessment of the response. However, there were small discrepancies between assessment of response to therapy and end-point evaluation, i.e., long-term control, survival and disease-free survival, according to the prospective department-based and retrospective hospital-based studies.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Mucociliary clearance mechanism in smoking and nonsmoking normal subjects.

Mucociliary clearance mechanisms were evaluated in 17 normal subjects visually and qualitatively by radioaerosol inhalation cinescintigraphy of the lung, and quantitatively by calculating the following indices: (a) overall or regional lung retention ratio; (b) airway deposition ratio; (c) airway retention ratio; (d) airway clearance efficiency; and (e) alveolar deposition ratio. The inhaled aerosol deposited homogeneously throughout the lungs, and mucus transport was always cephalad in direction and constant in velocity, although a temporary stasis of mucus was seen in smokers. Overall lung retention ratio was significantly smaller and airway deposition ratio was significantly larger in the smokers than in nonsmokers, but there was no difference between the groups in airway retention ratio or airway clearance efficiency. There was an inverse relationship between alveolar deposition ratio and cigarette consumption. Mucociliary clearance mechanisms were well maintained in the normal subjects, but in the smokers inhaled aerosol tended to deposit more proximally.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Investigation of rectal and bladder complications after RALS therapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix].

From August 1978 through December, 1980, 119 patients with previously untreated carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated using RALS, (remote-controlled) high dose rate intracavitary radiotherapy. The data from 92 out of the 119 cases were available for multivariate analysis for rectovesical complications. By using this method, it was clearly indicated that factors such as TDF of the rectum, weighted geometric center (WGC)-Z, the dose of whole pelvic irradiation, chemotherapy and TPHA were important in the occurrence of rectal complications. However, there was no definite physical or physiological factor to predict the occurrence of bladder complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lung clearance mechanisms in obstructive airways disease.

Using radioaerosol inhalation lung cinescintigraphy, pulmonary clearance mechanisms were studied in 21 patients with obstructive airways disease. In none of them did we find homogeneous deposition of inhaled radioaerosol in the lungs, or a steady, constant, axial, and cephalad transport of radioactivity in the major airways. Of the 21 patients, 14 showed temporary but frequent stopping and starting of radioactivity in the airways in the course of lung clearance; in ten there was reversal of flow; in five migration of radioactivity from one bronchus into the opposite, bypassing the trachea and often followed by shuttling between right and left bronchi; and in four there was spiral or zigzag transport of radioactivity. The overall lung retention ratio in the first 2 hr was not abnormal, but the airway deposition ratio was significantly above normal, and airway clearance efficiency was below. The alveolar deposition ratio was also significantly smaller in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Prophylactic central nervous system irradiation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Documentation on 324 children with leukemia who underwent cranial irradiation between 1972 and 1981 was collected from 15 participating hospitals in the Kansai Cancer therapy Group. Among 182 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, records on 90 children treated with prophylactic cranial irradiation (2,400 rads) plus intrathecal methotrexate in 12 hospitals were available for analysis. There was no significant difference in survival between the two prognostic groups based on age and initial WBC count at diagnosis, i.e., overall, relapse-free and CNS relapse-free 5-year survivals in the good and intermediate prognostic groups were 57% vs. 51%, 55%, vs. 49%, and 83% vs. 95%, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of the accuracy in radiotherapy for carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx].

Immobility and reproducibility were investigated to evaluate the accuracy in radiotherapy for carcinomas of the hypopharynx and larynx. Based on our comparative study using a semi-conductor detector, a light-cast shell is sufficient to maintain immobility during radiotherapy. In most cases, the range of reproducibility was within 5 mm throughout the course of radiotherapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Antibacterial activity of palmitoyltuberactinamine N and di-beta-lysylcapreomycin IIA.

Palmitoyltuberactinamine N (Pal-Tua N) and di-beta-lysylcapreomycin IIA (di-beta-Lys-Cpm IIA), which are synthetic derivatives of the antituberculous agent tuberactinomycin (Tum) and capreomycin (Cpm) respectively, were tested for anti-bacterial activity. Pal-Tua N inhibited not only tuberactinomycin-resistant Mycobacterium smegmatis but also Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, although it has lost activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Di-beta-Lys-Cpm IIA inhibited the growth of laboratory-derived Tum-resistant M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis as well as Tum-resistant M. tuberculosis from patients with one exceptional case.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

A new class of heterocyclic serine protease inhibitors. Inhibition of human leukocyte elastase, porcine pancreatic elastase, cathepsin G, and bovine chymotrypsin A alpha with substituted benzoxazinones, quinazolines, and anthranilates.

The serine proteases human leukocyte (HL) elastase, porcine pancreatic elastase, cathepsin G, and bovine chymotrypsin A alpha are inhibited competitively at pH 7.5 by heterocyclic compounds such as 2-substituted 4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones, 4-quinazolines, and 4-chloroquinazolines, N-substituted phthalimides, and by thioesters of N-acylanthranilic acids. The most potent inhibitors have KI values in the 10(-7)--10(-8) M range. The inhibitors with fluoroalkyl or fluoroacyl substituents are much more potent than the alkyl or acyl derivatives. The quinazolinones, chloroquinazolines, and N-substituted phthalimides are quite specific for HL elastase. With HL elastase, an excellent correlation is observed between pKI and the infrared carbonyl-stretching frequency of the inhibitor. It is proposed that the partially polarized carbonyl group of the inhibitor interacts with a partially polarized charge relay system of the serine protease. The substituents on the inhibitors are proposed to interact with the primary substrate binding site of the serine proteases. The results indicate that it is possible to develop non-peptide small molecules which are specific inhibitors for HL elastase.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Trypsin-catalyzed synthesis of peptide bond in human hemoglobin. Oxygen binding characteristics of Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb.

Incubation of human hemoglobin (Hb) A with glycineamide (Gly-NH2) in the presence of trypsin gives rise to two bands of approximately equal amount on the isoelectric focusing gel. Structural analyses, including digestion with trypsin and carboxypeptidases A and B, have shown that one is unmodified Hb A and the other is Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb in which Gly-NH2 is bound to the COOH-terminal residue of the alpha subunit (Arg 141 alpha) via peptide bond. Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb exhibits slightly increased affinity for oxygen and slightly reduced heme-heme interaction as compared with normal Hb A. Although Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb exhibits normal 2,3-diphosphoglycerate effect, the alkaline Bohr effect and chloride effect are diminished. These oxygen binding properties are attributable to abolished binding of chloride to the anion binding site positioned between the alpha-amino group of Val 1 alpha and the guanidinium group of Arg 141 alpha. Gly-NH2(142 alpha) Hb restores normal oxygen binding properties upon trypsin digestion which removes Gly-NH2 from the COOH terminus of the alpha subunit.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of head movements on sound localization in pseudo-phonically reversed hearing].

Measurements of sound localization in the lateral dimension were taken with or without head movements when the observer wore the electronic pseudophone in an anechoic chamber. Tones of various frequencies as stimuli were presented from the loudspeakers located on the horizontal plane of the observer's head and on the circle, 2 m in diameter, around the observer, who pointed with his hand the position from which he thought the sound originated. The results of three subjects showed that: when the inter-aural axis of the pseudophone was 180 degrees reversed, real and apparent locations of the sound were symmetrical with respect to the median of the observer's head under the head-fixed condition, but were symmetrical with respect to the position of the observer's head as a center under the head-free condition. The implication of the results obtained was discussed.

Adult↗