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Biomedical subjects

T Terao

Publications and source records attributed to T Terao.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

The role of chondroitin sulfate chains of urinary trypsin inhibitor in inhibition of LPS-induced increase of cytosolic free Ca2+ in HL60 cells and HUVEC cells.

Preincubation of HL60 cells and HUVEC cells with urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) inhibited increase of cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by LPS. In contrast, an increase of cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by LPS was not inhibited by deglycosylated UTI, UTI treated with monoclonal antibody of chondroitin sulfate. 45Ca2+ binding showed that UTI binds 45Ca2+ dose-dependently. Scatchard plot analysis showed that UTI has two binding sites for Ca2+, a high affinity binding site (Kd=15 microM) and a low affinity site (Kd=150 microM), and that UTI has more than 70 Ca2+ binding sites per molecule. The Ca2+ binding capacity of deglycosylated UTI and UTI treated with monoclonal antibody of chondroitin sulfate was markedly depressed. Furthermore, UTI forms multi-polymers in the presence of Ca2+ as demonstrated by gel filtration and agarose gel electrophoresis. These results suggest that UTI is a physiological Ca2+ chelator on the cells and that the action is due to chondroitin sulfate chains of UTI.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1997

Effect of serum cholesterol levels on meta-chlorophenylpiperazine-evoked neuroendocrine responses in healthy subjects.

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that serum cholesterol levels might be associated with serotonergic receptor function. The participants were 10 healthy male subjects. After an overnight fast, the subjects received meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP) or identical placebo capsules orally in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design. Blood was obtained for measurement of prolactin, cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and cholesterol. There were some significantly positive correlations between serum cholesterol levels and hormonal responses to m-CPP administration. These results suggest that serum cholesterol levels may be positively associated with serotonergic receptor function.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1997

[A case of depression manifesting incessant pacing and wandering following discontinuation of antipsychotic drugs due to neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a possible involvement of withdrawal akathisia].

A depressed 36-year-old woman manifesting a delusion of persecution was started on neuroleptics. In parallel with the increase of neuroleptics, she suffered from akathisia, such as wandering, and thereafter developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Thus, neuroleptics were discontinued. As a result, she manifested severer wandering, impairment of conversation, and unacceptable behavior (e.g. touching her stool) though neuroleptic malignant syndrome subsided. These symptoms improved following the administration of levomepromazine and amitriptyline. It seems difficult to regard these symptoms as just a prolongation of akathisia, since the level and frequency of akathisia increased. It also seems unlikely to regard these symptoms as those of agitated depression, since there were no complaints of irritability. On the other hand, it seems probable that "withdrawal akathisia" occurred following the discontinuation of neuroleptics and the reinstituted levomepromazine improved the withdrawal phenomena consisting of severer wandering, impairment of conversation, and unacceptable behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Selective homonuclear polarization transfer in the tilted rotating frame under magic angle spinning in solids.

An application of the R2TR method (1995, Chem. Phys. Lett. 232, 424) to selective homonuclear polarization transfer under magic angle spinning is proposed. It is shown that, for a spinning speed fast enough to remove the maximum homonuclear dipolar coupling constant omegaD involved, the flip-flop and flop-flop mechanisms are suitable for recoupling the spins with a chemical shift difference larger than omegaD and a difference comparable to or smaller than omegaD, respectively. It is also shown that, for fast polarization transfer, the off-resonance frequencies should be much higher than the RF intensity in the flip-flop condition, while for the flop-flop condition, the off-resonance frequencies should be much lower than the RF intensity. Some one- and two-dimensional experiments are proposed by utilizing the capability of the R2TR method to abruptly switch on and off the recoupling condition, and are demonstrated for triply 13C-enriched l-alanine. The mixing time required for population transfer was found to be ca. 0.5 ms for the methine and methyl 13C spins separated by 1.5 A and ca. 5 ms for the methyl and the carboxyl carbons separated by 2.5 A. The experimental results and theoretical simulations show that selective polarization transfer is achieved when the difference in the isotropic chemical shifts between the relevant pair of spins and a neighboring spin is more than 1000 Hz.

Alanine↗
PubMed1997

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor is concentrated in the pericellular environment of mouse granulosa cells through hyaluronan-binding.

OBJECTIVE: The binary complex involving hyaluronan and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) is an important component of the cumulus oocyte complex. The aim of this study is to investigate the physiological association between ITI and its derivatives and hyaluronan or its binding protein (HABP). STUDY DESIGN: ITI and its derivatives (heavy chains of ITI and urinary trypsin inhibitor, UTI) were tested for their ability to interact with hyaluronan or HABP. HABP was used to locate the distribution of hyaluronan in mice ovaries. RESULT: ITI and heavy chains of ITI, but not UTI, could specifically bind to immobilized hyaluronan. Furthermore HABP could specifically bind immobilized hyaluronan with high affinity, and also to immobilized ITI and its derivatives. 6 h after the injection of human chorionic gonadotropin, the hyaluronan staining in the preovulatory ovaries displayed a heterogenous appearance in which the most intense stainings were observed in cumulus oocyte complex. The distribution of ITI was found to be similar to that of hyaluronan. CONCLUSION: The hyaluronan binding sites of ITI are located in the heavy chains of this molecule. ITI is concentrated in the pericellular environment of granulosa cells through hyaluronan-binding. The altered amount of hyaluronan and ITI in the preovulatory ovaries may contribute to their important clinical characteristics including cumulus oocyte complex expansion.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1997

Hypolumbarlordosis: a predisposing factor for preeclampsia.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to study the relationship between lumbar lordosis and preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN: We studied lumbar lordosis of 52 primipara patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and 59 normal primipara pregnant women. We determined the lumbar lordotic deviation (LLD) from lumbar lordosis measurement device in the lateral recumbent position and standing position. Roll-over test was performed for both groups. Resistance index (RI) of internal iliac artery was also measured by color Doppler sonography. RESULTS: The LLD was 33 +/- 6.1 degrees week 20-29 and 34 +/- 6.9 degrees week 30-40, respectively. In patients with preeclampsia, the LLD was 19.8 +/- 6.3 degrees week 20-29, 21.3 +/- 7.9 degrees week 30-40. The LLD in patients with preeclampsia was significantly lower than in the normal pregnant women. The LLD correlated to the increase diastolic pressure after roll-over test significantly. Hypolumbarlordosis was frequently associated with high resistance of peripheral vessel. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that hypolumbarlordosis is frequently associated with preeclampsia. It is also closely related to the mechanism for positive roll-over test and increase of resistance of vessels. As lumbar lordosis does not change greatly in individuals before pregnancy, hypolumbarlordosis may be a predisposing factor for preeclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Increased concentrations of plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine in patients with eclampsia.

We measured plasma catecholamine concentrations on admission (after eclamptic fit) and after 6 days of delivery in 21 eclamptic patients and on admission in 15 normotensive pregnant women in Bangladesh. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations in eclamptic patients were significantly higher on admission than those of normotensive pregnant women (P < 0.0001). Plasma catecholamine concentrations and mean arterial blood pressure had return to be almost normal as normotensive pregnant women after 6 days of delivery, resulting in no correlation between mean arterial blood pressure and plasma catecholamines. On admission (after eclamptic fit) mean arterial blood pressure was positively correlated with plasma epinephrine (r = 0.626, P < 0.002) and norepinephrine (r = 0.553, P < 0.008) concentrations in patients with eclampsia. The amount of proteinuria was also significantly correlated with plasma epinephrine (r = 0.515, P < 0.02) and norepinephrine (r = 0.606, P < 0.003) concentrations. Number of convulsions was significantly correlated with concentrations of plasma epinephrine (r = 0.514, P < 0.02), norepinephrine (r = 0.521, P < 0.01) and mean arterial blood pressure (r = 0.535, P < 0.01). A positive correlation was found between time passed after convulsion with plasma epinephrine (r = 0.515, P < 0.02) and norepinephrine (r = 0.570, P < 0.006) concentrations. These suggested that the increased plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine in eclamptic patients were well correlated with the severity of the clinical features of eclampsia.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1997

Induction of follicular growth by exogenous interleukin-8.

Although the effects of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha on ovulation have been investigated, there are few reports concerning the effect of IL-8 in the ovary. We examined the localization of IL-8 in the human ovary, and also investigated the number of IL-8 staining cells in a section of 1 mm2. The number of IL-8 staining cells was 10 +/- 4.8 in the proliferative phase, 2.0 +/- 1.9 in the secretary phase, and 2.4 +/- 2.2 in the postmenopausal phase respectively. The increased number of IL-8 staining cells could be shown in the human ovarian medulla/stroma during the proliferative phase. By serial section analysis of the ovary, the localization of IL-8 corresponded with mast cells. When immature rats were injected with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) followed by an i.p. injection of human IL-8, ovarian vasodilatation and follicular growth were observed. Exogenous IL-8 induced a similar increase in follicular growth to that produced by the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. At 6 h after IL-8 (20 microg) i.p., the follicular size was increased to almost the same size as human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) i.p. However, at 24 h after IL-8 i.p., the follicular size decreased. The size of follicular growth was almost the same size as control when <2 microg IL-8 was injected. At 6 h after IL-8 (10 microg) local injection, the follicular size in rats was similar to that observed with IL-8 (20 microg) i.p. We conclude that IL-8 is one of the important cytokines in the ovulatory process.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The role of hyaluronic acid as a mediator and regulator of cervical ripening.

During pregnancy, hyaluronic acid (HA) concentration in the human cervix is very low, but increases rapidly at the onset of labour. HA has a high affinity for water molecules and hence can maintain tissue hydration. HA can stimulate collagenase production in rabbit cervix, and also stimulates migration and function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the tissues. It is an endogenous regulator of interleukin-1 (IL-1). We hypothesized that HA plays an essential role during cervical ripening. The effect of exogenous application of HA (20 mg) on non-pregnant and pregnant (day 23) rabbit cervices was compared with controls. HA induced cervical ripening in both pregnant and non-pregnant animals, and cervical water content was significantly increased. Tissue collagen was markedly decreased. The localization and distribution of HA and HA receptor CD44 was determined in non-pregnant and pregnant human cervical connective tissue using biotinylated HA binding protein and CD44 monoclonal antibodies. Both were widely distributed in the connective tissues, especially around the blood vessels and cervical glands. The effect of IL-8 (50, 100, 150 and 200 ng/ml) on HA production and hyaluronidase (HAase) activity was investigated in cultures of lower uterine segment collected during elective Caesarean sections. HA production was stimulated in a dose-dependent manner; there was no effect on hyaluronidase activity. HA administration (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml) stimulated the activities of collagenase and gelatinase together with IL-8 production in the culture supernatants. Thus HA may play an important role in cervical ripening, being involved in the regulation of cervical tissue water content, collagenolytic enzymes and cytokines.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1997

Cold-induced stress stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, causing hypertension and proteinuria in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cold-stress stimulation of the soles of the paws would produce a preeclampsia-like syndrome in rats. METHODS: Pregnant or nonpregnant rats were kept in 0 degree C floor and 23 degrees C room temperature cages (the cold-stressed group) or in 23 degrees C floor and 23 degrees C room temperature cages (the control group) for 2 weeks. Their blood pressure, proteinuria, and plasma catecholamines were measured, and histologic studies were performed on all groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure between the two groups during the first week of the experimental period; however, during the last week of gestation the blood pressure of the cold-stressed group did not fall and was significantly higher than that of the control group. A significant increase in urinary protein excretion was observed in the cold-stimulated pregnant rats, in contrast to the control rats. The concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine in the cold-stressed pregnant rats were markedly higher than those in the control rats. A decrease in trophoblast invasion, congestion, and fibrinoid deposits of the labyrinth were observed in the cold-stressed rats. A marked increase in subendothelial fibrinoid deposits in the glomerular capillary was found only in the cold-stressed pregnant rats. The blood pressure, biochemical parameters, and histologic findings in the nonpregnant rats were almost the same as those in the pregnant rats. CONCLUSION: Chronic local cold stimulation of the soles of the paws induces preeclampsia-like phenomena in pregnant and nonpregnant rats, and this model suggests that the cause of preeclampsia is involved in chronic stimulation of the sympathetic nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The predominant contribution of oligopeptide transporter PepT1 to intestinal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics in the rat small intestine.

Although recent evidence suggests that certain beta-lactam antibiotics are absorbed via a specific transport mechanism, its nature is unclear. To confirm whether peptide transport in the rat can be largely ascribed to the intestinal oligopeptide transporter PepT1, the transporter has been functionally characterized and its significance in the intestinal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics was evaluated. For evaluation of transport activity complementary RNA (cRNA) of rat PepT1 was synthesized in-vitro and expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. cRNA induced uptake of several beta-lactam antibiotics and the dipeptide [14C]glycylsarcosine; this was specifically inhibited by various dipeptides and tripeptides but not by their constituent amino acids or by tetra- or pentapeptides. The transport activity of PepT1 for beta-lactam antibiotics correlated well with their in-vivo intestinal transport and absorption. Furthermore, mutual inhibitory effects on uptake were observed between glyclsarcosine and beta-lactam antibiotics. Hybrid depletion of the functional expression of rat PepT1 in oocytes injected with rat intestinal epithelial total mRNA was studied using an antisense oligonucleotide corresponding to the 5'-coding region of PepT1. In oocytes injected with rat mRNA pre-hybridized with the antisense oligonucleotide against rat PepT1, the uptake of [14C]glycylsarcosine was almost completely abolished, whereas its uptake was not influenced by a sense oligonucleotide for the same region of PepT1. Similarly, the uptake of beta-lactam antibiotics was also reduced by the antisense oligonucleotide against rat PepT1. These results demonstrate that the intestinal proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter PepT1 plays a predominant role in the carrier-mediated intestinal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics and native oligopeptides in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Hyaluronic acid-specific regulation of cytokines by human uterine fibroblasts.

The physiological inflammatory response can provide an effective mechanism for delivering the baby at the time of parturition. We characterized the mechanisms by which hyaluronic acid (HA) regulates interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production in human uterine fibroblasts. A dose-dependent increase in cytokine release was observed over an HA concentration range of 10 microg/ml to 1 mg/ml. The action of HA on the cytokine production is mediated by CD44. Under serum-free conditions, HA-induced cytokine generation was significantly less compared with production in the presence of serum, suggesting involvement of serum proteins. Addition of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) under serum-free conditions enhanced the HA-induced synthesis of TNF-alpha, which stimulated the temporary release of IL-8. In addition, HA and IL-1beta stimulated the release of hyaluronidase by the fibroblasts. These results indicate that cytokine production in human uterine fibroblasts is regulated in a CD44-HA-ITI-specific fashion. HA may be involved in the regulation of delivery in part through the selective release of cytokines that contribute to uterine cervical ripening.

Blood↗
PubMed1997

[Fibrinogenolytic activity of a novel trypsin-like enzyme found in human airways].

We previously reported finding a novel trypsin-like enzyme in sputum samples from patients with chronic airway diseases, and named it human airway tryptase (HAT). We also obtained data suggesting that HAT is secreted from submucosal serous glands onto the mucous membrane of the airway, and that fibrinogen is cleaved by HAT. We studied whether HAT can act as an anticoagulant in the airway by breaking down fibrinogen. The concentration of fibrinogen in sputum samples was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The concentration was higher in mucoid sputum from patients with bronchial asthma (6.3 +/- 5.5) than in mucoid sputum from patients with chronic bronchitis (1.9 +/- 1.1), and it was higher in purulent sputum from patients with bronchiectasis (18.8 +/- 8.8) than in mucoid sputum from patients with asthma. The trypsin-like activity in sputum (milliunit/ml) was 23.4 +/- 18.0 in mucoid sputum from patients with chronic bronchitis, 46.9 +/- 43.9 in mucoid sputum from patients with asthma, and 14.9 +/- 8.23 in purulent sputum from patients with bronchiectasis. The effect of HAT on human fibrinogen at concentrations from 4 to 2000 micrograms/ml was examined at pH 7.4 and 8.6, with purified HAT at concentrations from 0.5 to 10 milliunit/ml. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that HAT can cleave fibrinogen. especially the alpha-chain, at low concentrations (4 to 16 micrograms/ml) and at a high concentration (2000 micrograms/ml) of fibrinogen. Exposure of fibrinogen to HAT resulted in the loss of thrombin-induced clotting capacity; the strength of that effect depended on the duration of exposure to HAT and on the concentration of HAT. From these results we postulate that HAT acts at an anticoagulant in the airways, especially on the mucous membrane, by cleaving fibrinogen transported from blood.

Asthma↗
PubMed1996

Mechanical stretching induces interleukin-8 gene expression in fetal membranes: a possible role for the initiation of human parturition.

OBJECTIVE: Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is known to play a crucial role in human parturition. We aimed to study the effect of mechanical stretching on the expression of IL-8 in fetal membranes (amniochorion) and decidua. STUDY DESIGN: We examined the expression of IL-8 and its receptor in fetal membranes (amniochorion) and decidua by immunohistochemical staining. Also, we studied the synthesis of IL-8 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the fetal membranes before and after stretching. RESULTS: We found that mechanical stretching within physiological limit increased IL-8 messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis in fetal membranes and decidua in a time- and load-dependent manner. Application of mechanical force led to markedly increased staining of IL-8 receptor in decidual cells but not in amnion or chorion cells. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that mechanical stretching was a candidate for one of the signals important for production of IL-8 in fetal membranes and decidua and probably for initiation of a cytokine network at amniochorio-decidual interface through increased expression of IL-8 receptors.

Amnion↗
PubMed1996

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor bound to tumor cells is cleaved into the heavy chains and the light chain on the cell surface.

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI), a human serum protease inhibitor of molecular mass 240 kDa which may release physiological derivatives, has been shown to interact with hyaluronic acid (HA), resulting in pericellular matrix stabilization (Chen, L., Mao, S.J.T., McLean, L. R., Powers, R. W., and Larsen, W. J. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 28282-28287). The purpose of this study is to determine whether ITI binding to tumor cell surface is mediated by urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI)-receptor or cell-associated hyaluronic acid (HA). We demonstrated specific complex formation of the heavy (H) chains of ITI with HA. Binding of the H-chains of ITI to immobilized HA was detected and quantified using colorimetric immunoassays. Binding was time-, temperature-, and concentration-dependent. However, UTI and HI-8 (the carboxyl terminus of UTI) failed to bind to immobilized HA. ITI bound to HA remained functional protease inhibiting activity. After incubation of SMT-cc1 cells with purified biotinylated ITI, biotinylated ITI is bound to the cells, dissociated, and gives rise to the H-chains and UTI on the cell surface. The cell surface receptor-bound UTI derived from ITI may be the result of the limited proteolysis on the cell surface. In the cells treated with hyaluronidase, bound H-chains disappeared from the surface of the cells, while most of the cell surface ITI derivatives was present in deglycosylated UTI (28 kDa). It is suggested that the binding of ITI to the cell surface is mediated by HA on the cells. This was confirmed by the fact that the hyaluronidase-treated cells can abolish the ITI binding. The cell surface UTI formation was inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, and eglin C, suggesting that elastase-like enzyme(s) may be responsible for the UTI formation. Preincubation of the cells with UTI did not decrease in exogenously added ITI on the cell surface. A model for cell surface UTI formation is proposed in which ITI binding to cells from serum used for the culture is followed by the limited proteolysis by trace amounts of active serine proteases, to form cell-surface receptor-bound UTI and the H-chains intercalated into cell surface HA. This process is subject to regulation of cell-associated UTI and of stabilization of pericellular matrix.

Alpha-Globulins↗