Biomedical subjects

T Terada

Publications and source records attributed to T Terada.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

Mucin-histochemical and immunohistochemical profiles of epithelial cells of several types of hepatic cysts.

Epithelial cells of several types of hepatic cysts were examined by mucin histochemistry and immunohistochemically. There were some differences in mucus and antigenic expression among the hepatic cysts examined. Epithelial cells of non-parasitic simple cysts and adult-type polycystic liver showed similar mucin-histochemical and immunohistochemical features, and were characterized by little mucin and weak immunoreactivities to several antibodies examined. Epithelial cells of hepatic hilar cysts were characterized by much mucin and moderate immunoreactivities to carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Epithelial cells of ciliated hepatic foregut cysts were characterized by much mucin and immunoreactivities to actin and tubulin which were positive in cilia. Epithelial cells of biliary cystadenoma were characterized by much mucin and moderate to strong immunoreactivities to cytokeratins CAM5.2 and AE1 and 3 as well as to CA 19-9, CEA, EMA and DU-PAN-2. Epithelial cells of biliary cyst-adenocarcinoma were characterized by much mucin and moderate to strong immunoreactivities to cytokeratins CAM5.2 and AE1 and 3 as well as to CA 19-9, CEA, EMA and DU-PAN-2. These differences in epithelial mucus and antigenic expression among several types of hepatic cysts may reflect differences in their origin and biological characteristics. These differences may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of hepatic cysts in small biopsy specimens.

Antigens↗

PubMed1991

Malignant hemangiopericytoma of the liver: report of a case.

A 30 year old female was admitted with right upper abdominal pain and fever. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a large cystic mass in the right lobe of the liver, and aspiration bacteriology was negative. A right hepatic lobectomy was performed for a suspected cystadenocarcinoma, however, the tumor was histologically diagnosed as a hemangiopericytoma with prominent venous invasion. The patient died within a short time of multiple pulmonary metastases. Primary hepatic hemangiopericytoma is extremely rare, and according to our research, this is only the 4th case reported in the literature.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal cells in intrahepatic peribiliary glands in normal and hepatolithiatic livers.

The anatomy and pathology of the intrahepatic peribiliary glands were evaluated. In this study, we ultrastructuraly examined the peribiliary glands of normal and hepatolithiatic livers using common and serial ultrathin section observations. It is well known that these glands proliferate markedly in hepatolithiasis. These glands were composed of several acini surrounded by thickened and multilayered basement membranes, and there were mesenchymal cells (the majority were fibroblasts) in the periacinar fibrous connective tissue. Some cytoplasmic processes of acinar epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells in the periacinar connective tissue were in close contact with each other within the thickened and multilayered basement membranes. Such cell-to-cell interaction was most frequent in cases of hepatolithiasis, in which peribiliary glands proliferated markedly. In hepatolithiatic livers, some unmyelinated nerve fibers or axonal button profiles were in close contact with periacinar mesenchymal cells and also with cytoplasmic processes of glandular epithelial cells. Such contacts were rare in normal livers. These findings suggest that such epithelial and mesenchymal cell interactions and innervations play a part in the normal regulation of peribiliary glands and also in the proliferation of peribiliary glands in hepatolithiasis.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Expression of ABH blood group antigens, receptors of Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, and factor VIII-related antigen on sinusoidal endothelial cells in adenomatous hyperplasia in human cirrhotic livers.

Adenomatous hyperplasia, a hyperplastic parenchymal nodule in the cirrhotic liver, has been presumed to be a preneoplastic lesion in human hepatocarcinogenesis. In this study, phenotypes of the sinusoidal endothelium were examined in adenomatous hyperplasia, hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis, and normal livers. Adenomatous hyperplasia (n = 74) was histologically classified into two types: ordinary (n = 35) and atypical (n = 39). While the former lacked hepatocellular atypia, the latter consisted of atypical hepatocytes equivocal as to benignity and malignancy, in some of which overt malignant foci were found. The expression of A, B, and H blood group antigens, receptors of Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, and factor VIII-related antigen on the sinusoidal endothelium was minimal or nil in normal livers. It was mild and focal in chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis, and ordinary adenomatous hyperplasia, while expression was moderate in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia with or without malignant foci, and severe in malignant foci in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and in hepatocellular carcinoma. These data suggest that phenotypes of the sinusoidal endothelium of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia are closely related to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, and phenotypic changes of the sinusoidal endothelium occur stepwise corresponding to various stages of hepatocarcinogenesis in cirrhotic livers.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMed1991

Ovarian follicular dynamics and concentrations of oestradiol-17 beta, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone during the periovulatory phase of the oestrous cycle in the cow.

Changes in the plasma concentration of oestradiol-17 beta, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were characterized during the transition from the luteal to the follicular phase, the periovulatory period and the early luteal phase in five cycling cows. The pattern of growth and the regression of follicles and corpora lutea in the ovary of the same animals were also assessed by daily ultrasonographic examinations. Two waves of follicular growth (ovulatory and non-ovulatory) occurred in all animals. The ovulatory follicular wave started from 4 days before the preovulatory surges of LH and FSH and the wave of next growth of a dominant follicle (non-ovulatory follicle) started within one day after ovulation. Changes in plasma levels of oestradiol-17 beta correlated well with the growth of both ovulatory and non-ovulatory dominant follicles. Suppression of FSH concentration during the follicular phase was inversely related to the increase in plasma concentration of oestradiol-17 beta. These results suggest that, in the cow, ovulatory dominant follicles suppress FSH secretion by increasing the concentration of oestradiol-17 beta (and probably also inhibin) during the follicular phase.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions and alpha-fetoprotein in adenomatous hyperplasia in human cirrhotic livers.

Recently, adenomatous hyperplasia (AH) of the liver has been suspected as a precancerous lesion in human hepatocarcinogenesis. The authors examined 75 cases of AH from 42 cirrhotic livers, using staining of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs). These reflect proliferative cell activity. Findings in AH were compared with those seen in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other chronic liver diseases. Expression of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was also examined immunohistochemically. The authors classified AH into three types: ordinary (OAH), atypical (AAH), and AH with focal malignancy (FM). OAH implies a lack of atypia; AAH represents AH with structural and cellular atypia but without the features of overt carcinoma; and FM denotes AH with foci of overt HCC. Forty of the 75 cases of AH were categorized as OAH, 19 as AAH, and 16 as FM. The noncancerous areas of FM had features of AAH. The mean number of AgNORs in AH was intermediate between that seen in cirrhosis (2.93) and HCC (6.18) and showed a step-wise increase in the following order: OAH (2.95), AAH (3.89), noncancerous areas in FM (4.58), and malignant foci in FM (5.71). There was no significant difference in AgNOR counts between OAH and cirrhosis. AgNOR counts in AAH and FM were significantly higher than those of OAH, and lower than those of HCC. AFP was positive in 12 of 25 HCCs and in malignant foci of 3 FM lesions, but it was absent in OAH and AAH. These data suggest that OAH has a limited capacity for proliferation but that AAH and FM are much more replicative. The latter two conditions are probably preneoplastic lesions or early forms of HCC.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1991

Well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma showing intrahepatic neural invasion: autopsied case.

An autopsied case of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), showing neural invasion into the portal tract of the liver, a hitherto undescribed lesion, is reported. The patient, a 68-year-old man, had had treatment for HCC over nine years, comprising surgical resection, transcatheter arterial embolization, transportal venous embolization and percutaneous ethanol injection to nodules of the HCC. At autopsy, many HCC nodules (less than 7 cm in diameter) were found in the liver. In one of them, carcinoma cells infiltrated the medium-sized protal tract among the regenerative nodules and some of these carcinoma cells further invaded nerve fibers. Although the majority of the HCC nodules showed ischemic necrosis, the infiltrating carcinoma cells in the portal tract were viable, suggesting the biological behavior and/or blood supply of these infiltrating carcinoma cells to be different.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

The role of intrahepatic portal venous stenosis in the formation and progression of hepatolithiasis: morphological evaluation of autopsy and surgical series.

Recently, it has been suspected in animal models that a decrease in portal blood flow plays a role in the formation and progression of hepatolithiasis. To find whether this hypothesis is applicable to humans, we examined histologically the intrahepatic portal venous and arterial systems in normal livers (n = 13), extrahepatic biliary obstruction (n = 18), intrahepatic biliary sludge and microcalculi (n = 18, most of which were associated with biliary obstruction and might represent pathogenesis of an early developmental stage of hepatolithiasis), and fully developed hepatolithiasis composed of calcium bilirubinate stones (n = 30). A scoring method was employed to quantify portal stenosis, portal phlebosclerosis, arterial stenosis, and parenchymal atrophy. We found that these vascular changes were significantly more severe in hepatolithiasis than in biliary sludge and microcalculi, or in extrahepatic biliary obstruction. There were no significant differences in the vascular changes except for arterial stenosis between the latter two. There is a positive correlation between vascular stenosis and parenchymal atrophy. These findings suggest that portal venous stenosis deteriorates during the progression of hepatolithiasis. We could not find direct evidence that portal venous stenosis is an initial lesion followed by the formation of hepatolithiasis. The vascular changes may be caused by an inflammatory extension of cholangitis and may deteriorate, causing parenchymal atrophy during the progression of hepatolithiasis.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Selective necrosis of encapsulated malignant lesion within atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the liver following transarterial embolization. A report of two autopsy cases.

We report here the morphology of two nodules of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AH), a preneoplastic or early developmental stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a fibrously encapsulated malignant lesion occurring in two cirrhotic livers. The two patients had been treated for HCC by transarterial embolization. At autopsy, HCC nodules and several AH nodules were found in each case. Microscopically, two of the several AH nodules contained malignant lesions that showed selective coagulative necrosis: the hepatocytes of the nonmalignant parts of the two AH nodules were viable. The malignant lesions within the atypical AH nodules were surrounded with a fibrous capsule, and the majority of HCC nodules were necrotic; AH nodules themselves, except for malignant lesions, were viable. This suggests to us that there are differences in blood supply between the malignant lesions and surrounding tissue of atypical AH: malignant lesions within atypical AH may be supplied mainly by arterial blood, whereas nonmalignant areas of atypical AH may be dually supplied by both arterial and portal blood. Alternatively, it may be that the malignant lesions in atypical AH are more susceptible to hypoxia caused by transarterial embolization.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1991

Morphological evidence for two types of idiopathic 'Sertoli-cell-only' syndrome.

Biopsies of testicular specimens taken from 41 patients that were diagnosed as having idiopathic Sertoli-cell-only syndrome were classified into two types, A and B, on the basis of histological and immunohistochemical findings. Thirty eight specimens that were classified as type A exhibited seminiferous tubules of small diameter and with tubular wall hyalinization, but containing normal adult type Sertoli cells. The other three specimens that were classified as type B showed no seminiferous tubular wall hyalinization, and their Sertoli cells had vimentin distribution localized in the subnuclear cytoplasm and had a pseudostratified lining, features resembling the appearance of fetal Sertoli cells. In one patient with a seminoma, a comparative study of the same testis prior to and post-irradiation was undertaken. Judging from this, postpubertal depletion of the germ cell population was considered to be responsible for the tubular atrophy observed in type A. Type B testes, though small in number, were characterized by a morphology distinct from the type A, but their pathogenesis remains unknown.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Combined therapy of interleukin 2 with cyclophosphamide or bacillus Calmette-Guérin against implanted bladder cancer cells in mice.

1 x 10(5) cells of FAMFT-induced bladder cancer cell line (MBT-2) were injected into the right leg of the C3H/He mice. 10 days later, these animals with the same tumor size were divided into four groups. Group 1 is the control with no treatment. Group 2 underwent interleukin 2 (IL-2) treatment for 10 days since the 11th day after tumor inoculation. Group 3 received just one CPM injection on the 10th day. Group 4 had a combination therapy of CPM, followed by IL-2. Group 1 and 2 exhibited enlargement of tumor size, resulting in the death of all animals. Administration of CPM led to temporary disappearance of tumor, followed by local tumor recurrence in all cases. However, combined therapy with IL-2 showed complete remission of the tumors. Natural killer cell activity measured by the 51Cr release assay of the spleen cells using Yac-1 cells as target cells 20 days after tumor inoculation was found to be significantly higher in group 2 and 4, while lymphokine-activated killer cell activity of the spleen cells against P-815 cells showed no significant difference between the four groups.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

3-Keto reductase activity of estradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase and its contribution to androgen metabolism.

Hepatic estradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase from chickens catalyzed the reduction of the 3-keto group of androgens such as 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione as well as the 17-keto reduction of 4-androstene-3,17-dione and dehydroepiandrosterone. The reaction products from 17-ketosteroid and 3-ketosteroid substrates were identified as 17 beta-hydroxysteroids and 3 beta-hydroxysteroids, respectively, by thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Barbital inhibited both 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase and 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione reductase activity noncompetitively giving the same kinetic constant, Ki = 50 microM. 5 alpha-Androstane-3,17-dione competitively inhibited 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase activity. These results indicate that chicken liver estradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase is in fact a 3 beta- and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and that both 3- and 17-ketosteroids bind to the same catalytic site.

Androgens↗

PubMed1991

Dynamic computed tomography for the evaluation of cerebrovascular disease.

Dynamic computed tomography (DCT) was evaluated as a diagnostic indicator for chronic supratentorial ischemia in 50 cases with or without minor neurological deficits. Peak height (PH, the maximum value of the gamma fitted curve), peak time (PT, the time to PH from the start of DCT), transit time (TT, the time between the first and second inflection points of the gamma fitted curve), and their functional maps were analyzed. Cerebral angiography was then performed in all cases to identify stenotic or occlusive vascular lesions in major cerebral arteries. DCT clearly detected 12 of 13 occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA), although one ICA occlusion was masked by the contralateral MCA occlusion. However, DCT detected only severe ICA or MCA stenosis (more than 90%). Probably, stenotic lesions of less than 90% did not cause detectable hemodynamic compromise. DCT using PH, PT, and TT functional maps is a useful diagnostic method for hemodynamic changes in ischemic cerebrovascular disease, although bilateral lesions and less stenotic lesions (less than 90%) are difficult to detect.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Ruptured cerebral aneurysm successfully clipped in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura after high-dose gamma-globulin therapy--case report.

A ruptured cerebral aneurysm in a 50-year-old female with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was successfully clipped after preoperative high-dose gamma-globulin therapy to control the hemorrhagic diathesis. High-dose gamma-globulin therapy with or without steroid and/or platelet transfusion is recommended for such cases if the blood pressure can be controlled and the neurological condition permits delayed surgery.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗

PubMed1991

Adenomatous hyperplasia of the bile duct epithelium of the canine liver, caused by bacterial infection.

Morphologic changes of the intrahepatic bile ducts after induction of bile stasis and bacterial infection of the biliary tract in two lobes of the liver in mongrel dogs were studied to examine the pathophysiology of hepatolithiasis. Three groups of dogs were prepared by cannulation of the bile duct branch draining the left lateral lobes of the liver and were treated as follows: in group 1 the cannula was clamped after injection of 10(7) Escherichia coli (aerobic bacteria) and 10(7) Bacteroides fragilis (anaerobic bacteria) organisms; in group 2 the cannula was clamped after injection of E. coli only; and in group 3 the cannula was clamped without injection of bacteria. Three months later the livers of killed dogs were examined. In group 1 epithelial adenomatous hyperplasia was noted in association with chronic cholangitis characterized by moderate to severe periductal fibrosis with a large number of inflammatory cells. In group 2 periductal fibrosis was severe, but epithelial hyperplasia was found to a much lesser degree than in group 1. In group 3 no periductal fibrosis or epithelial adenomatous hyperplasia was demonstrated. These findings suggest that adenomatous hyperplasia of the bile duct epithelium may be caused by bacterial infection of the biliary tract in combination with bile stasis.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Embolization of arteriovenous malformations with peripheral aneurysms using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer. Report of three cases.

The authors report three cases of arteriovenous malformations (AVM's) with aneurysms arising from the feeding artery; all were successfully treated with a new nonadhesive liquid embolic material, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVAL). In two patients the AVM's were totally removed without difficulty, and in one the AVM was managed conservatively after embolization. No new neurological deficits appeared during or after embolization. After road-mapping techniques, EVAL was injected slowly until the feeding artery and aneurysm were completely obliterated. This embolic agent is easy to handle and is considered safe compared with other adhesive liquid embolic agents, such as isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate or n-butyl cyanoacrylate. It is concluded that EVAL is an excellent agent for embolizing an AVM with a peripheral aneurysm on the feeding artery.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Treatment of male infertility: current situation and problems].

We evaluated the results of treatment for male infertility in 883 patients who visited our clinic. The efficacy rate and pregnancy rate after varicocele operation were higher than those after drug therapy. Drug therapy was effective only in patients with a sperm count of 10-40 x 10(6)/ml. The percentage of swollen sperm in hypoosmotic swelling test elevated after operation in varicocele patients. The hypoosmotic swelling test seems to be useful to show the improvement of sperm function by treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Expression of ABH blood group antigens, Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, and type IV collagen in the sinusoids of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The expression of blood group antigens (A, B, H, Lewis(a) and Lewis(b)), Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), factor VIII-related antigen, and type IV collagen on the sinusoids was examined immunohistochemically in 15 cases of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), 11 cases of cirrhosis, 12 cases of chronic active hepatitis, and in a control sample of 16 normal livers. Sinusoidal endothelial cells of HCC characteristically showed a diffuse and strong immunoreactivity to ABH blood group antigens in the specimen with a comparable ABO blood group. The sinusoidal endothelial cells were also diffusely and strongly positive for UEA-I receptors. In contrast, in cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis a few sinusoidal endothelial cells were positive for ABH blood group antigens and UEA-I receptors. In normal livers, only a few sinusoidal endothelial cells were positive for ABH blood group antigens and UEA-1 receptors. Tests for factor VIII-related antigen and Lewis blood group antigens were almost negative on sinusoidal endothelial cells. Although type IV collagen was distributed diffusely in the space of Disse in these four groups, its expression was strongest in HCC. Blood vessels of portal tracts and fibrous septa were positive for ABH blood group antigens, UEA-1 receptors, factor VIII-related antigen, and type IV collagen, but negative for Lewis blood group antigens. These findings suggest that some sinusoidal endothelial cells undergo "capillarization" in cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis, and that the majority of sinusoidal endothelial cells of HCC have phenotypic characteristics of capillaries.

ABO Blood-Group System↗