Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Terada

Publications and source records attributed to T Terada.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Utility of pancreatic digestive enzyme immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the liver.

To test the diagnostic utility of pancreatic digestive enzyme immunohistochemistry in liver cancers, the expression of three pancreatic digestive enzymes (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and pancreatic lipase) was investigated in cholangiocarcinoma (CC) (n = 42), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n = 35), combined HCC-CC (n = 11) and metastatic adenocarcinoma (MA) of the liver (n = 34; 4 gastric cancer, 5 pancreatic cancer and 25 colon cancer). In CC, 15 (36%) expressed one or more of these enzymes, while the remaining 27 (64%) did not express any enzymes. In MA, 13 (38%) expressed one or more of these enzymes, while the remaining 21 (62%) did not express any enzymes. Expression of trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and lipase was noted in 15 CC (36%), 11 CC (25%) and 15 CC (36%), respectively, and in 9 MA (26%), 6 MA (18%) and 13 MA (38%), respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive ratio of each enzyme between CC and MA. In positive cases, the enzymes were expressed with a cytoplasmic granular pattern. In MA, there was no significant difference in the positive ratio of the enzymes among the primary sites. In contrast to CC and MA, these enzymes were not expressed in any cases of HCC and combined HCC-CC. These data suggest that pancreatic digestive enzyme immunohistochemistry may be useful for differential diagnosis between HCC and CC or MA as well as between combined HCC-CC and CC or MA, but it is not useful for differential diagnosis between CC and MA. A positive reaction for these enzymes is indicative of CC or MA and is against the diagnosis of HCC or combined HCC-CC, and a negative reaction is noncontributory to the differential diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Transluminal angioplasty for arteriosclerotic disease of the distal vertebral and basilar arteries.

OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for the distal vertebral and basilar artery is now being performed in selected patients with haemodynamically significant lesions of the posterior cerebral circulation. Its effect and overall results were examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A balloon dilatation catheter specifically developed for these procedures, with a 2.0-3.5 mm balloon diameter, at 6 atmospheres of pressure, was used. Angioplasty was performed in 12 patients (including six whose initial results have been reported) with angiographically documented stenotic lesions involving either the intracranial vertebral artery (C1-C2 portion) or the basilar artery, and satisfying the following criteria: (1) clinical symptoms suggestive or consistent with a transient ischaemic attack refractory to medical treatment, or small infarction of the posterior circulation; and (2) angiographically documented stenosis greater than 70%. Two of 12 patients had complete thrombosis of the distal vertebral and basilar artery and PTA was performed after successful intra-arterial thrombolysis. RESULTS: Successful results, without complications, were obtained in eight patients, with complete resolution of vertebrobasilar ischaemic symptoms. Immediate complications occurred in four patients including two with vessel dissection, and two with thromboembolism. The two patients with acute arterial dissection were reoperated but developed small infarctions with permanent neurological deficits. The two patients with thromboembolic complication showed transient neurological deficit. The overall stenosis ratio decreased from a mean of 84% pretreatment to 44% after the angioplasty procedure. Restenosis occurred in two patients. Long term clinical follow up in 11 patients who survived more than six months showed resolution of ischaemic symptoms after PTA in all except for one with a restenosis who had recurrent transient ischaemic attacks. CONCLUSION: Transluminal angioplasty may be an effective procedure to treat vertebrobasilar ischaemia secondary to high grade arteriosclerotic disease affecting either the distal vertebral or basilar artery regions that do not respond to medical treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Rapid analysis of four bilirubins in domestic animal sera using high-performance liquid chromatography.

A rapid method was developed to analyze delta-bilirubin (B delta), diconjugated bilirubin (DCB), monoconjugated bilirubin (MCB), and unconjugated bilirubin (Bu) by direct injection of sera using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an internal-surface reversed-phase silica support (ISRP) column. Sharp bilirubin peaks were obtained using a simple mobile phase of acetonitrile: 0.5 M Tris-HCl buffer (20:80, v/v, pH 7.2). A variable-wavelength detector set at 450 nm, 0.01 absorbance unit full scale (AUFS), and a recorder set at 4 mm/min were used for detection. Peaks for B delta, DCB, MCB and Bu appeared at 4.4, 6.4, 9.2 and 14.5 min, respectively, in human serum from subject with obstructive jaundice which was used as a bilirubin standard throughout this experiment. The mean recovery rate after direct addition of Bu in swine serum was 91.9% and that of DCB was 95.9%. When sera from icteric cattle, pigs and horses were analyzed using the direct injection technique, four bilirubin peaks were obtained and there was reliable correlation between the sum of the bilirubin peak heights observed on HPLC and the total bilirubin value measured by a standard reference procedure.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Rapid and quantitative analysis of bilirubin in equines by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Rapid and quantitative analytical methods for bilirubin using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection were developed for samples from equines at a meat inspection site. Sharp HPLC peaks for bilirubins, unconjugated bilirubin (UCBL) and conjugated bilirubin (CBL), were obtained using a simple mobile phase of methanol:0.5 M Tris-HCl buffer (65:35, v/v, pH 7.4). A variable wavelength detector set at 450 nm, 0.01 AUFS and a recorder set at 4 cm/min were used for detection. Peaks for UCBL and CBL occurred at 7.1 min and 4.9 min, the lower limits of detection ranged between 0.16 and 0.78 microgram/ml, respectively. Orange II, for which the retention time was 3.6 min, was selected as an internal standard. When the samples were analysed from healthy equines and those suspected of being jaundiced due to a yellow colour change in the carcasses, only UCBL peaks were recognized, and CBL peaks were never obtained. Aqueous humour is a very common sample at meat inspections but UCBL or CBL peaks were all absent in both healthy and clinical samples from equines. There were reliable correlations between UCBL peaks (microV) using HPLC and total bilirubin value (mg/dl) measured by the total bilirubin assay kit in serum. A correlation between peak height (microV) on HPLC from serum samples and that of pericardial fluid samples was obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

A species comparison of 14C-labeled 7-ethoxycoumarin metabolism in precision-cut liver slices from guinea pig and dog using a phosphor imaging system.

The metabolism of 14C-labeled 7-ethoxycoumarin (7EC) has been investigated in precision-cut liver slices from guinea pigs and dogs. 7EC was incubated with slices in 12-well plates (4 slices/well; n = 3) for up to 8 hr. In addition, a new simple method was established for analyzing 7EC and its metabolites simultaneously by using thin-layer chromatography-radioluminography (TLC-RLG). In both species, 7EC was taken up rapidly into the slices and metabolized extensively under the conditions used (no serum fraction supplemented), showing both phase I and phase II metabolism. In guinea pig medium samples, 4-ethoxy-2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (EHPA) and 7-hydroxycoumarin (7HC) glucuronide were major metabolites. In dogs, conjugated 7HCs (with D-glucuronic acid and sulfate) were major products but EHPA was formed only to a small extent. These results suggest that deethylation in dogs occurs to a much greater extent than in guinea pigs. These results demonstrate the advantages of precision-cut liver slices as a powerful tool to investigate the species specific metabolism of xenobiotics, since the conditions employed enabled both phase I and phase II reactions in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Clinical use of mechanical detachable coils for dural arteriovenous fistula.

Seven dural arteriovenous fistulas were successfully embolized with mechanical detachable coils. Two lesions were located in the transverse-sigmoid sinus, four in the cavernous sinus, and one in the marginal sinus. All lesions were completely occluded on postembolization angiography. No recurrent symptoms appeared during a mean follow-up period of 11 months. Owing to the length and retrievability of the mechanical detachable coils, embolization was quicker and safer, and coils were packed more densely, than is possible with conventional coils. Coil migration was avoided because coils of the appropriate size were chosen before they were placed.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Super selective amytal test for functional evaluation of the brain--a less invasive functional test].

In the neurosurgical field, it is very important to evaluate localized function of the affected region preoperatively. In order to investigate lateralized and localized brain function, we have developed an alternative to the original Wada test, and refer to it as the super selective amytal test (SSAT). We performed super selective catheterization of the target artery after conventional carotid angiography, injected Amytal (amobarbital, 30-100 mg) through a micro-catheter, and identified potential local function. In ten cases, including AVM, aneurysm, and brain tumor, we investigated localized function of the affected site preoperatively by SSAT, and chose our treatment based on the results of this test. There was a good correlation between the results of the SSAT and the results of surgery in every case. There were no prolonged neurological complications of this test. Evaluation of the results of the SSAT should be interpreted under precise DSA control, since blood flow in the brain differ among individuals. This test may contribute to our knowledge of localized function in the cerebral cortex and deep brain areas in neurosurgical patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The role of cysteine in the alteration of bovine liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 3 activity.

Bovine liver NADP(+)-dependent dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD3) is extremely sensitive to SH reagents such as N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). NEM produced time- and concentration-dependent inactivation of DD3 in a pseudo-first-order reaction manner. This inactivation was prevented by NADP+, 3-acetylpyridine-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, 2',5'-ADP and 2'-AMP but not by substrates, NAD+, nicotinamide mononucleotide or 5'-ADP.DD3 was absorbed by an affinity column of thiopropyl-Sepharose 6B, but enzyme incubated with both NEM and NADP+ was not. Moreover, one [14C]NEM molecule was incorporated into a cysteine of DD3 in the presence, and two cysteines of DD3 in the absence, of NADP+. These results suggested that two cysteine residues were modified per enzyme molecule by NEM, one was protected by NADP+ and the other had no significant function for the enzyme activity. Two radiolabelled peptides (P1 and P2) produced by the digestion with lysyl endopeptidase of [14C]NEM-modified DD3 could be separated by reverse-phase HPLC. P1, which was radiolabelled by [14C]NEM only in the absence of NADP+, showed the following sequence; H2N-Tyr-Lys-Pro-Val-Xaa-Asn-Gln-Val-Glu- NEM.Cys-His-Pro-Tyr-Phe-Asn-Gln-Ser-Lys-COOH (Xaa indicates a possible cysteine residue). This sequence was very similar to that of rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSD/DD) (residues 184 to 201) and was also highly conserved in the aldo-keto reductase superfamily. The sequence of P2, which had radioactivity in both the absence and presence of NADP+, also contained an NEM-modified cysteine and was similar in sequence to the regions located in loop A of rat 3 alpha-HSD/DD. The present study suggests that P1, which may have a cysteine residue corresponding to Cys-193 of rat 3 alpha-HSD/DD, functions in the alteration of DD3 activity depending on the modulation of NADP(+)-binding ability through a thiol/disulphide exchange reaction similar to that of rat 3 alpha-HSD/DD shown in our previous results; while P2, which may have a cysteine residue corresponding to Cys-145 of rat 3 alpha-HSD/DD, may be located near the surface of the enzyme molecule.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

On the c-mos proto-oncogene product during meiotic maturation in bovine oocytes cultured in vitro.

The present study was carried out using dot-blot Western analysis with pp39mos-specific polyclonal antibodies to examine the quantitative and qualitative changes of c-mos proto-oncogene product, Mos, during bovine oocyte maturation in vitro. Mos is present throughout meiotic maturation, is produced from around the onset of meiotic resumption, and is phosphorylated on germinal vesicle breakdown. These results indicate for the first time that the synthesis and phosphorylation of Mos during maturation culture play a key role in the accomplishment of meiosis in bovine oocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Enzymatic characterization of a novel bovine liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenase--reaction mechanism and bile acid dehydrogenase activity.

Bovine liver cytosolic dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DD3) has been characterized by its unique dihydrodiol dehydrogenase activity for trans-benzenedihydrodiol (trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol) with the highest affinity and the greatest velocity among three multiple forms of dihydrodiol dehydrogenases (DD1-DD3). It is the first time that DD3 has shown a significant dehydrogenase activity for (S)-(+)-1-indanol with low Km value (0.33 +/- 0.022 mM) and high K(cat) value (25 +/- 0.79 min-1). The investigation of the product inhibition of (S)-(+)-1-indanol with NADP+ versus 1-indanone and NADPH clearly showed that the enzymatic reaction of DD3 may follow a typical ordered Bi Bi mechanism similar to many aldo/keto reductases. Additionally, DD3 was shown to catalyze the dehydrogenation of bile acids (lithocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid) having no 12-hydroxy groups with low Km values (17 +/- 0.65, 33 +/- 1.9 and 890 +/- 73 microM, respectively). In contrast, DD1, 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, shows a broad substrate specificity for many bile acids with higher affinity than those of DD3. Competitive inhibition of DD3 with androsterone against dehydrogenase activity for (S)-(+)-1-indanol, trans-benzenedihydrodiol or lithocholic acid suggests that these three substrates bind to the same substrate binding site of DD3, different from the case of human liver bile acid binder/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (Takikawa, H., Stolz, A., Sugiyama, Y., Yoshida, H., Yamamoto, M. and Kaplowitz, N. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 2132-2136). Considering the reaction mechanism, DD3 may also play an important role in bile acids metabolism as well as the detoxication of aromatic hydrocarbons.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Time-dependent effects of cycloheximide and alpha-amanitin on meiotic resumption and progression in bovine follicular oocytes.

To identify the stage during maturation at which new protein and RNA are synthesized for meiotic resumption, follicular oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide or the hnRNA synthesis inhibitor alpha-amanitin. Although the meiotic resumption of cumulus-enclosed oocytes was completely blocked by the addition of 25 microg/ml cycloheximide at 4 h after the onset of culture, 23% of oocytes cultured from 5 h post cultivation in the medium with cycloheximide underwent germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). By further delaying the addition of cycloheximide, the proportion of oocytes which underwent GVBD increased. Addition of the inhibitor at 8 h or more post cultivation resulted in GVBD occurring in more than 87% of oocytes, though none of them were able to proceed beyond the metaphase I stage. In contrast, the addition of 50 microg/ml alpha-amanitin from the onset of culture significantly reduced the proportion of GVBD to 75% in cumulus-enclosed oocytes, while no significant reduction in the proportions of GVBD was noted in the case of its addition from 1 h of culture onward. However, denuded oocytes were almost insensitive to any treatments with alpha-amanitin. These results indicate that protein synthesis in the oocytes and RNA synthesis in the cumulus cells soon after the onset of culture are necessary for GVBD and that continuous protein synthesis following GVBD is indispensable for progression of the meiotic division in bovine oocytes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Multiple occurrence of borderline hepatocellular nodules in human cirrhotic livers: possible multicentric origin of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Borderline hepatocellular nodules (BHN), atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, macroregenerative nodule type II or dysplastic nodules in the cirrhotic liver are considered to be important prcancerous lesions transforming to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In order to evaluate the uni- or multicentric origin of BHN and HCC arising from BN, we surveyed 30 cirrhotic livers with BHNs that had been surgically resected or autopsied during 1973-1993. Among the 30 cirrhotic livers with BHNs, two or more BHNs were present in a single cirrhotic liver in 10 (33%) cases, while only one BHN was present in a single cirrhotic liver in the remaining 20 (67%) cases. The mean number of BHN in a cirrhotic liver with multiple BHNs was 3.5. Carcinomatous foci were present within BHN in 6 (60%) of the 10 cirrhotic livers with multiple BHNs, while they were present in 4 (20%) of the 20 cirrhotic livers with a single BHN; this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Coexistance of HCC was noted in 8 (80%) of the 10 cirrhotic livers with multiple BHNs, and in 3 (15%) of the 20 cirrhotic livers with a single BHN; this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in age, sex, aetiology and morphology between cirrhotic livers with multiple BHNs and those with a single BHN. These data suggest that BHN and HCC arising from BHN may be of multicentric origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Unilateral spatial neglect due to a haemorrhagic contusion in the right frontal lobe.

We report two cases of unilateral spatial neglect associated with an isolated right frontal lobe lesion. Case 1 was a 59-year-old, right-handed man, who developed a left hemiplegia, disorientation, and frontal lobe neglect associated with a haemorrhagic contusion following a head injury. Case 2 was a 55-year-old, right-handed man, who also developed disorientation and frontal lobe neglect secondary to a haemorrhagic contusion following a head injury. 99mTc HM-PAO SPECT revealed an isolated reduction in the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) around the haematoma in the frontal lobe; blood flow to remaining parts of the brain was normal. Damage to the right frontal lobes of these patients was confirmed as being the cause of the unilateral spatial neglect in accordance with the results of CBF studies.

Attention↗
PubMed1995

Expression of pancreatic enzymes (alpha-amylase, trypsinogen, and lipase) during human liver development and maturation.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although pancreatic enzymes have been found in hilar intrahepatic bile ducts in adult humans, their expression during human liver development is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the temporal expression of pancreatic enzymes at various stages of human liver development. METHODS: We immunohistochemically investigated pancreatic alpha-amylase, trypsinogen, and lipase expression in fetal, neonatal, juvenile, and adult human livers. RESULTS: In hilar duct development, alpha-amylase but not trypsinogen or lipase was expressed in the ductal plate. These three enzymes were expressed in biliary cells migrating into the mesenchyma, in immature ducts in fetal livers, and in maturing and mature ducts in postnatal livers. Their expression was weak and diffusely cytoplasmic in fetal livers, whereas in postnatal livers their expression was strong, granular, and located in the supranuclear cytoplasm. Expression was not found in developing peripheral ducts. These enzymes were expressed in immature hepatocytes (9-25 weeks' gestation) but disappeared thereafter. Enzyme expression was mild in fetal pancreata and strong in adult pancreata. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic enzymes may be present in primitive hilar bile ducts and hepatocytes in fetal livers; hilar ducts, hepatocytes, and pancreas may have similar fetal enzymatic profiles. Intrahepatic hilar bile ducts, hepatocytes, and exocrine pancreas may have a common cell lineage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Expression of pancreatic trypsinogen/trypsin and cathepsin B in human cholangiocarcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas.

We evaluated in situ expression of pancreatic trypsinogen (PT) and cathepsin B (CB) in 10 normal livers, 37 cholangiocarcinomas (CCs), and 36 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In normal livers, PT was expressed in intrahepatic large bile ducts, septal bile ducts, and peribiliary glands, and CB was present in hepatocytes and all epithelial cells of the intrahepatic biliary system. In CCs, PT was present in 26 (70%), of which 24 expressed PT both in CC cells and the CC stroma, and the remaining two showed PT only in CC cells. The ratio of PT-positive cases was high in well-differentiated CCs, moderate in moderately differentiated CCs, and low in poorly differentiated CCs. PT in the CC stroma was present in continuity with PT-positive CC cells, suggesting that PT was secreted from CC cells. The CC stroma positive for PT frequently showed destructive features. CB was present in 32 CCs (86%) and located in both CC cells and the CC stroma. All PT-positive CCs simultaneously expressed CB, suggesting a close association of PT and CB. In HCCs, in contrast, PT was not present in any cases. CB was present in 33 HCCs (92%) and located in both HCC cells and the HCC stroma. In positive specimens, PT immunoreactivity was finely granular in the cytoplasm, whereas CB immunoreactivity was diffuse in the entire cytoplasm. These data suggest that after malignant transformation CCs and HCCs continue to express PT and CB, and CB, respectively. It seems possible that PT secreted from CC cells is converted into trypsin by CB, and that trypsin and CB play a role in CC invasion by degrading extracellular matrix proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Role of lysine residues in the nucleotides binding to bovine liver high-Km aldehyde reductase.

The inactivation of bovine liver high-Km aldehyde reductase (ALR) by heat (47 degrees C), 0.3 mM 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS) and 0.03 mM pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PAL-P) followed pseudo-first-order kinetic as a function of incubation-time and concentration of TNBS. Nucleotides which have a 2'-phosphate group, especially beta-NADPH and beta-NADP+, showed effective protection on ALR-inactivation. However, typical substrates for ALR such as D,L-glyceraldehyde, D-erythrose, D-glucuronate and p-carboxybenzaldehyde could not protect the enzyme from inactivation. Completely inactivated enzyme was estimated to have 2.07 TNBS-modified lysine residues/mol enzyme from the determination of free amino group using fluorescamine (Ex = 390 nm, Em = 475 nm). Enzyme protected by beta-NADP+ (96.5% remaining activity) did not lose a significant number of lysine residues. Kd-values for beta-NADPH and beta-NADP+ were estimated to be 0.48 microM and 4.7 microM, respectively and TNBS-treated enzyme lost its ability to bind to these nucleotides.

Aldehyde Reductase↗