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T Taniyama

Publications and source records attributed to T Taniyama.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Functional heterogeneity and T cell-dependent activation of macrophages from murine sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced tumors.

In studies on the functional activity of macrophages isolated from murine sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced tumors, we have found that these cells may suppress immune responses as well as act as effector cells against the tumor. Previously, we reported that macrophages from the tumor could inhibit the antitumor response by suppressing proliferation-dependent immune functions. Here, we demonstrate that macrophages can also suppress the production of migration inhibition factor (MIF) and macrophage activation factor (MAF), two lymphocyte activities that are independent of cell proliferation. Conversely, we and others have found that macrophages from the tumor can exert an antitumor, cytolytic effect. In this study, using 1 g velocity sedimentation separation techniques, we have been able to identify 2-3 subpopulations of cytolytic macrophages in regressing tumors but in progressing tumors, only the smallest subpopulation of macrophages was active. T cells appeared to be required for activation of macrophages within the tumor, since MSV tumors induced in athymic, nude mice did not contain cytolytic macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of oil-attached BCG cell-wall skeleton and thymectomy on the incidence of lung cancer and amyloidosis induced by chemical carcinogens in rabbits.

Intravenous injection of oil-attached BCG cell-wall skeleton showed potent preventive activity for induction of lung cancer by the intrabronchial instillation of chemical carcinogens (3-methylcholanthrene, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide) in rabbits. On the other hand, the thymectomized rabbits developed lung cancer by instillation of chemical carcinogens at an 80% incidence, compared to 47.2% in the controls. There were no differences in the appearance of amyloidosis between thymectomized and BCG cell-wall skeleton-treated rabbits and the controls.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1976

Mitogenic activity of the cell walls of mycobacteria, nocardia, corynebacteria and anaerobic coryneforms.

The mitogenic activity of the cell walls prepared from Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Nocardia rubra, Corynebacterium diphtheriae PW8, and four species of Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium parvum ATCC 11829, Propionibacterium acnes C7, Propionibacterium granulosum ATCC 25564 and Propionibacterium avidum ATCC 25577, were investigated. These cell walls were active as mitogens on normal spleen cells, anti-O sera-treated spleen cells, macrophage-depleted spleen cells of C57BL/6J mice and cortisone-treated thymocytes of C57BL/6J mice. It was also shown that these cell walls were mitogenic on spleen cells and macrophage-depleted spleen cells of congenitally athymic (nude) mice. The above results suggest that the cell walls investigated in this study act as mitogens on both thymus-derived lymphocytes (T-cells) and bone marrow-derived lymphocytes (B-cells).

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Immunotherapy of cancer with cell wall skeleton of Myocabacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: experimental and clinical results.

Adjuvant and antitumor activities of CWS prepared from cells of mycobacteria, nocardia, and corynebacteria were examined. Oil-attached CWS of M. bovis BCG (BCG-CWS) stimulated the generation of cell-mediated cytotoxic effector cells in mice. Tumor growth was suppressed in mice inoculated intradermally with a mixture of oil-attached CWS and living tumor cells. Systemic and specific tumor immunity was demonstrated in mice in which tumor growth was suppressed. Tumor growth was also suppressed by oil-attached CWS of BCG or N. rubra in autochthonous autografts of spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma and methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma in mice. The intravenous injection of oil-attached BCG-CWS prevents the appearance of lung cancer in rabbits by the instillation of chemical carcinogens. It was also shown that treatment with oil-attached BCG-CWS was able to elevate the immunologically depressed state of tumor-bearing mice to a normal level, as determined by a cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay that empolyed chromium release as the standard. Preliminary results suggest that oil-attached BCG-CWS is useful as an immunotherapeutic agent for both lung cancer and for malignant melanoma, leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and other neoplastic diseases and that this agent operates without any significant complications.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions: adjuvant activity of synthetic N-acetylmuramyl-dipeptide and the related compounds.

Immunological activity of synthetic cell wall peptidoglycan subunits was examined in guinea pigs and mice. It was concluded that the minimal adjuvant-active subunit of cell wall peptidoglycan for the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to monoazobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and for circulating-antibody formation to bacterial alpha-amylase and the thymus-independent antigen DNP-Ficoll was N-acetylmuramyldipeptide, MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln. N-acetylmuramyldipeptide and 6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptide showed no adjuvant activity in the generation of cell-mediated cytotoxic effector cells in the spleens of C57Bl/6J mice after in vivo immunization with the allogeneic antigen mastocytoma P815-X2 cells, but N-acetylmuramyldipeptide showed adjuvant activity after in vitro sensitization of C57Bl/6J mouse spleen cells to the alloantigen mitomycin C-treated DBA/2 mouse spleen cells. It was also shown that 6-O-stearoylation of N-acetylmuramylpeptide could not potentiate the adjuvant activity of N-acetylmuramyldipeptide. Mitogenic and antitumor activities were not observed in either N-acetylmuramyldipeptide or 6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyldipeptide in mouse systems.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

Adjuvant and antitumor activities of Nocardia cell-wall skeletons.

The adjuvant activity of the cell-wall skeletons prepared from eight species (ten strains) of Nocardia was determined by Brunner's method using allogeneic cell-mediated cytotoxicity test. The antitumor activity of the cell-wall skeleton of N. rubra, which showed the most potent adjuvant activity, was examined using EL-4 leukemia and MH-134 hepatoma cells in syngeneic mice. Its results suggest that the cell-wall skeleton of N. rubra is more potent than BCG cell-wall skeleton as the immunotherapeutic agent for cancer immunotherapy in man. The chemical properties of the cell-wall skeleton of N. rubra were also described.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1975

Chemical studies on the cell walls of Leptorspira biflexa strain Urawa and Treponema pallidum strain Reiter.

The preparation and chemical properties of the cell walls of Leptospira biflexa Urawa and Treponema pallidum Reiter are described. Both cell walls are composed mainly of polysaccharides and peptidoglycans. The data of chemical analysis indicate that the cell wall of L. biflexa Urawa contains rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose and unidentified sugars as neutral sugars, and alanine, glutamic acid, alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid, glucosamine and muramic acid as major amino acids and amino sugars. As major chemical constituents of the cell wall of T. pallidum Reiter, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose, alanine, glutamic acid, ornithine, glycine, glucosamine and muramic acid have been detected. The chemical properties of protein and polysaccharide fractions prepared from the cells of T. pallidum Reiter were also partially examined.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions. III. Adjuvant effect of cell wall of Mycobacterium bovis BCG on cell-mediated cytotoxicity in mice.

A quantitative assay and characterization of oil-attached cell wall of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG-CWS) which stimulates cell-mediated immunity of spleen cells to alloantigens in mice were carried out by an in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity test using 51Cr-labeled target cells. C57BL/6J mice (H-2b) were immunized intraperitoneally with mastocytoma cells (H-2d) with or without oil-attached BCG-CWS. The cytotoxicity, comparable to that of spleen cells from mice immunized with mastocytoma cells (3 X 10(7)), could be induuced in spleens of mice immunized with a mixture of mastocytoma cells (10(4)) and oil-attached BCG-CWS. The enhancing effect persisted from 55 days or more after the alloantigenic immunization. Oil-attached BCG-CWS enhanced cell-mediated cytotoxicity of T cells in the spleen and the mesenteric lymph node, but not in the thymus. The cytotoxicity showed specificity toward the alloantigen used for immunization. In addition to BCG-CWS, the cell walls of Nocardia rubra and Corynebacterium diphtheriae PW8 and the peptidoglycolipids of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Aoyama B were found to be potent stimulants of cell-mediated cytotoxicity in mice. Oil-attached BCG-CWS did not enhance humoral response to mastocytoma cells but enhanced cell-mediated cytotoxicity when viable mastocytoma cells were used as antigen. The above result was supported by the fact that anti-hapten antibody response induced by viable trinitrophenyl (TNP)-mastocytoma cells (10(4)) plus oil-attached BCG-CWS did not increase to the maximum levels as was observed in mice immunized with a larger number of mastocytoma cells (3 X 10(7)) alone, while cell-mediated cytotoxicity induced by the same treatment increased to the maximum level obtained by immunization with mastocytoma cells (3 X 10(7)) alone.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1975

Chemical and immunological studies on the cell walls of Propionibacterium acnes strain C7 and Corynebacterium parvum ATCC 11829.

The chemical and immunological properties of the cell walls prepared from the cells of anaerobic coryneforms, Propionibacterium acnes C7 and Corynebacterium parvum ATCC 11829, were partially investigated. The cell walls prepared from P. acnes C7 and C. parvum ATCC 11829 were composed of fatty acids, polysaccharides consisting glucose, galactose and mannose and mucopeptides consisting mainly of alanine, glutamic acid, alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid, glycine, muramic acid and glucosamine. As the fatty acid constituents of the cell wall of P. acnes C7, iso-pentadecanoic acid and iso-heptadecanoic acid were detected as major components. Both cell walls prepared from P. acnes C7 and C. parvum ATCC 11829 showed potent adjuvant activity on the formation of circulating antibody and development of delayed type hypersensitivity in vivo and on the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes in vitro, however, could not augment helper function of carrier-primed T cells and on the development of cell-mediated cytotoxicity to mastocytoma P815-X2 cells in C57BL/6J mice. It is also shown that the cell walls of P. acnes C7 and C. parvum ATCC 11829 act on mouse spleen cells as mitogen.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1975

Adjuvant activity of mycobacterial fractions. I. Purification and in vivo adjuvant activity of cell wall skeletons of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Nocardia asteroides 131 and Corynebacterium diphtheriae PW8.

The adjuvant activity of cell wall skeletons (mycolic acid-arabino-galactan-mucopeptide, CWS) prepared from the cells of mycobacteria, nocardia and corynebacteria was examined in vivo in mice and guinea pigs. The cell wall skeletons of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG-CWS), Nocardia asteroides 131 and Corynebacterium diphtheriae PWC suspended in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) as water-in-oil emulsions showed potent adjuvant activity on the formation of circulating antibody and cell-mediated immunity to bovine serum albumin (BSA), sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and sulfanylazo-bovine serum albumin (SA-BSA) in mice and guinea pigs. After acetylation or acid treatment, BCG-CWS retained its adjuvant activity, but the activity of BCG-CWS was destroyed completely by alkaline treatment. The cell wall constituents, arabinose-mycolate and arabino-galactan, prepared from BCG-CWS showed no adjuvant activity. It was also shown that BCG-CWS suspended in phosphate buffered saline or associated with oil droplets augmented cell-mediated cytotoxicity in which thymus-derived lymphocytes (T-cells) are effector cells.

Acids↗