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Biomedical subjects

T Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Taniguchi.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Structural and numerical variations of the carbohydrate moiety of immunoglobulin G.

Oligosaccharide patterns obtained from human IgG by hydrazinolysis were fairly constant from sample to sample. In contrast, a variety of oligosaccharide patterns were obtained from IgG myeloma proteins. Structural analysis of each oligosaccharide by sequential exoglycosidase digestion and methylation studied indicated that the different patterns of IgG myeloma proteins are produced by different degrees of incompleteness of the formation of a single sugar chain: Sia alpha 2 leads to Gal beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 2 Man alpha 1 leads to 6(Sia alpha 2 leads to Gal beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads to Man alpha 1 leads to 3)(GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 4)Man beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 4(Fuc alpha 1 leads to 6)GlcNAcOT.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1982

Hematopathological changes in dead and moribund chicks induced by chicken anemia agent.

Fifty day-old chicks were inoculated wit the Gifu-1 strain of chicken anemia agents. They began to show anemia and a drop in body weight 10 days postinoculation. Thirty-five of them died over a period of 12 to 23 days, mostly between 14 and 18 days postinoculation. Hematocrit value and red and white blood cell counts were markedly reduced in moribund birds. Polychromatic erythrocytes and granulocytes dropped in incidence in the peripheral blood accompanied with a fall in hematocrit value, and gained again with recovery from anemia. Macroscopically, dead and moribund birds revealed yellow bone marrow, marked atrophy of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius, discoloration and swelling of the liver, spleen and kidneys. In some cases, there were partially well-defined necrotic foci in the liver, round heart, fresh hemorrhages in the proventricular mucosa, erosion on the gizzard mucosa, and subcutaneous edema. Microscopically, marked hypoplasia or aplasia of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and severe depletion of lymphocytes in lymphoid organs, such as the thymus, bursa of Fabricius, spleen, and cecal tonsils, were commonly seen in affected birds. The changes described above suggested that the anemia induced by chicken anemia agent might closely be related to the bone marrow function.

Anemia↗
PubMed1981

Purification and characterization of 6-aminohexanoic-acid-oligomer hydrolase of Flavobacterium sp. Ki72.

6-Aminohexanoic-oligomer hydrolase of Flavobacterium sp. KI72 was purified to homogeneity by column chromatography three times, and by preparation polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis twice. The purified enzyme had the following characteristics. 1. The molecular weight was estimated to be 84000 by Sephadex G-200 molecular-sieve chromatography. The enzyme consisted of two homologous subunits of 42000, judged from sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 2. The optimum pH for activity was between 8 and 9, the optimum temperature was 40 degrees C for a 1-h reaction. The Michaelis-Menten constants and turnover numbers for the 6-aminohexanoic acid dimer and trimer were 5.9 mM and 2.4 s-1, and 6.2 mM and 2.0 s-1 respectively. 3. The enzyme was inhibited by 0.37 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate and by 0.013 mM p-chloromercuribenzoate. 4. The enzyme was active on 6-aminohexanoic acid oligomers from dimer to hexamer and icosamer but not on hectamer, and the activity decreased with the increase of the polymerization number of the oligomer. The oligomers were hydrolyzed so as to remove the 6-aminohexanoic acid residue successively from the amino terminus. The enzyme could not hydrolyze other linear amides, cyclic amides, dipeptides, tripeptides or casein. 5. 6-aminohexanoic-acid-oligomer hydrolase was classified as a new member of the linear amidases (EC 3.5.1.-).

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1981

Changes of adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activities in lymphocytes from patients with carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract.

The activities of both total and Oligomycin-sensitive ATPase in lymphocytes from patients with gastrointestinal tract (GI) carcinomas in different Karnofsky performance status (KPS) were determined to investigate whether or not the changes of these enzyme activities were correlated to those of the immune responsiveness of the patients. In the patients whose KPS indicated more than 50%, the mean value of the total ATPase activity in lymphocytes tended to increase slightly as compared with that determined in the control subjects, but the mean value of the Oligomycin-sensitive ATPase activity in lymphocytes tended to decrease slightly as compared with that determined in the control subjects. In the patients whose KPS indicated less than 30%, the mean values of the activities of both total and Oligomycin-sensitive ATPase in lymphocytes tended to decrease remarkably as compared with those determined in the control subjects. The ATPase activities in lymphocytes were suggested to be useful measures to the immune responsiveness of the patients with GI carcinomas.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1981

A highly potent 3200-dalton adrenal opioid peptide that contains both a [Met]- and [Leu]enkephalin sequence.

A 3200-dalton adrenal enkephalin-containing peptide, designated peptide E, that exhibits high opiate activity in the guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle preparation was purified, and its structure was determined. It contains an amino-terminal [Met]enkephalin sequence and a [Leu]enkephalin sequence at the carboxyl terminus. Sequence analysis revealed that peptide E arises from a previously characterized 4900-dalton adrenal enkephalin-containing peptide. Peptide E was shown to be 30 times more potent than [Met]enkephalin in the guinea pig ileum assay, which suggests that the adrenal enkephalin-containing peptide may perform a unique biological function in vivo.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1981

Partial characterization of gamma (immune) interferon mRNA extracted from human lymphocytes.

gamma (immune) interferon (IFN-gamma) was induced in cultures of fresh human lymphocytes by combined treatment with a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, TPA) and the T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Compared to the IFN-gamma yields obtained with PHA induction alone, the inclusion of TPA caused a significant enhancement of IFN-gamma production. Poly(A)-containing mRNA was isolated from mononuclear cells induced with TPA and PHA. Injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes, this mRNA preparation gave rise to IFN activity with characteristic properties of human IFN-gamma. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation analysis showed that IFN-gamma mRNA sedimented at 15 S, suggesting that it contains a total of about 1400 nucleotides.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Structure of a chromosomal gene for human interferon beta.

We have cloned and analyzed a chromosomal DNA segment containing the human interferon beta(1) gene from a human gene library. The nucleotide sequence of the protein-coding and the noncoding regions of the chromosomal gene was identical to the cDNA sequence reported previously. In the region upstream from the putative transcription initiation site, significant nucleotide sequence homology was observed between interferon beta(1) and alpha(1) genes. This region thus may play a role in expression of the interferon genes. From the sequence data and the result of nuclease S1 mapping experiments, we conclude that, like the interferon alpha(1) gene, the interferon beta(1) gene is devoid of intervening sequences.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

Construction and identification of a hybrid plasmid containing DNA sequence complementary to phenobarbital-inducible cytochrome P-450 messenger RNA from rat liver.

Cytochrome P-450 mRNA has been partially purified from membrane-bound polysomes of the livers of phenobarbital-treated rats by SDS-phenol-chloroform extraction, followed by poly(U)-Sepharose chromatography and by centrifugation through a sucrose density gradient. Cytochrome P-450 mRNA activity was detected near 18S in the sucrose density gradient, accounting for approximately 5% of total mRNA activity on the basis of [3H]leucine incorporation in an in vitro translation system of wheat germ. Complementary DNA (cDNA) which had been synthesized on the partially purified mRNA by AMV reverse transcriptase was inserted into the Pst I site of pBR 322. After bacterial transformation, and in situ colony hybridization using [32P]cDNA as a probe, a colony carrying cytochrome P-50 cDNA sequence was identified by a hybridization-arrested translation assay. Sequence complementarity of the inserted DNA sequence to cytochrome P-450 mRNA was further confirmed by a positive hybridization-translation assay. The mRNA isolated from the partially purified mRNA preparation by hybridizing it with the recombinant DNA (III-8-10) showed enriched synthesis of a protein product whose apparent molecular weight was consistent with that of cytochrome P-450, and which was immunoprecipitable with anti-cytochrome P-450 antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effects of CDP-choline on striatal dopamine level and behavior in rats.

To further assess the effects of CDP (cytidine diphosphate)-choline on Parkinsonian symptoms, striatal dopamine (DA) was measured fluorometrically in rats after injection of CDP-choline. CDP-choline (300 mg/kg, i.p.) increased the DA content in the striatum (p less than 0.05) one hour after injection. The behavioral effect of CDP-choline was then tested in rats in which the unilateral nigro-striatal DA neurons had degenerated following an intranigral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). CDP-choline alone did not produce behavioral changes in these rats. However, pretreatment with a single dose of CDP-choline (900 mg/kg, i.p.) suppressed both the apomorphine-induced contralateral and the d-amphetamine-induced ipsilateral circling. The same dose of CDP-choline suppressed the number of treadmill revolutions in mice. On the other hand, a 7-day consecutive treatment with 300 mg/kg of CDP-choline enhanced the apomorphine-induced contralateral circling (by 42%, p less than 0.05). The same treatment with CDP-choline raised the striatal DA content by 29% (p less than 0.05) on the intact side, but not on the 6-OHDA injected side. These results indicate that CDP-choline has either a direct nor an indirect DA agonistic effect. The increase in DA content, decrease in locomotion and enhancement of the effect of apomorphine can be explained on the hypothesis that CDP-choline may act as an antagonist on the DA neurons and receptors. The validity of this apparently paradoxical use of CDP-choline with antagonistic effect on DA neurons in the treatment of Parkinson's disease is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Pathological changes in laying hens inoculated with the JPA-1 strain of egg drop syndrome-1976 virus.

Rhode Island Red laying hens were inoculated with the JPA-1 strain of egg drop syndrome-1976 virus and examined pathologically 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 and 80 days postinoculation (p.i.). Eggs with a discolored or soft shell or no shell were laid over a period from 10 to 24 days p.i. Egg production failed transiently in some affected birds after 13 days p.i. At autopsy, the uterus revealed remarkable edema and swelling of the mucosal folds together with the deposition of whitish exudate in the cavity 14 days p.i. Microscopically, intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in epithelial cells of the uterus, isthmus and vaginal gland region 10 and 14 days p.i. There were also severe degeneration and desquamation of the epithelial cells, atrophy of the uterine glands and remarkable infiltration of heterophils, lymphocytes and plasmacytes accompanied with extensive edema. Twenty-one days after inoculation, lymphoid follicles were formed in the mucosal folds of some part of the oviduct. Electron microscopic examination revealed various amounts of virus particles 68 approximately 80 nm in diameter mainly in the nuclei of the epithelial cells on the mucosa and in the exudate, and also in the cytoplasm of macrophages in the uterus.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1981

Prognosis of thyroid carcinoma.

With 612 cases of malignant thyroid tumor, the follow-up observations were conducted from 7 to 11 years after initial examination, and 512 cases were follow up. It was found that 46 cases died of the primary cancer, while 13 died of other causes. The prognosis proved to be favorable with adenocarcinoma but with anaplastic carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma the disease proved to be ultimately fatal. The survival rates 5 and 10 years after diagnosis were 97.4% and 95.8% for papillary adenocarcinoma, 95.6% and 92.5% for follicular adenocarcinoma, 7.7% and 7.7% for anaplastic carcinoma, 0% for squamous cell carcinoma, and 66.9% and 66.9% for malignant lymphoma. As to the causes of death, the obstruction due to the neck tumor ranks first, indicating that respiratory deaths are numerous. However, as there are histologically many deaths due to the transformation from adenocarcinoma to squamous cell carcinoma or anaplastic carcinoma, it is desirable to perform radical surgery at an early stage.

Adenocarcinoma↗