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Biomedical subjects

T Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Taniguchi.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Regulation of interferon-beta gene: structure and function of cis-elements and trans-acting factors.

Commonly viral infections induce expression of type I interferon (IFN) genes. The induction is primarily due to transcriptional activation of the genes. Soon after the isolation of the genes encoding IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, the IFN system became a subject of intensive study in the context of switching on or off the otherwise silent genes by extracellular stimulation signals. Hence, the IFN system serves as a typical model in studying the genetic events occurring in many cytokine systems. The IFN genes contain within their 5'-flanking region positive elements that function efficiently in cells induced by viruses and other stimuli such as double-stranded RNA. At least three transcription factors have been identified and molecularly cloned. Of these, two factors, designated interferon regulatory factors IRF-1 and IRF-2, are unique in their function; they interact with identical DNA sequence elements of IFN and IFN-inducible genes. Results of the functional studies on these factors suggest that transcription of the IFN and IFN-inducible genes is regulated by two similar trans-acting factors that apparently compete for the same cis-acting recognition sequences, but mediate opposite effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Involvement of a common transcription factor in the regulated expression of IL-2 and IL-2 receptor genes.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) plays an essential role in the clonal expansion of antigen-activated T lymphocytes (T cells). In fact, the expression of both IL-2 and IL-2 receptor (IL-2R, p55, CD25) genes is transiently induced upon T cell activation through the interaction of antigen/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and T cell receptor complex. To elucidate the mechanism(s) of the induced gene expression for IL-2 and IL-2R, we have investigated for the presence of potential transcription factors that specifically interact with regulatory cis-elements. Here, we demonstrate that one such factor mediates the induced expression of both genes. Interestingly, the recognition sequences by this factor are significantly diverse in these two genes and are related to those of immunoglobulin (Ig) kappa chain and MHC class I genes. We provide evidence that this factor indeed binds to the IL-2, IL-2R, and Ig sequence elements with different affinities, thereby affecting the magnitude of gene expression. Interestingly, this factor also binds to other cytokine genes, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and HIV-1 and HTLV-1 LTR sequences.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Structure of the functional interleukin-2 receptor. Evidence for the association of human p55 and murine p75 molecules in a mouse T cell line.

The structural basis of the high affinity interleukin-2 receptor which was previously reconstituted in a cultured murine T cell line, EL4 by expressing either wild-type Tac antigen complementary DNA (cDNA) or a chimeric cDNA was characterized. The chimeric cDNA encodes a membrane portion whose extracellular portion consists of that of Tac antigen whereas transmembrane and cytoplasmic portions consists of those the human insulin beta chain. The Tac antigen/anti-Tac antibody complex was treated by chemical crosslinking reagents, purified by goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin (Ig), and was analysed by SDS-PAGE. We here demonstrated the presence in mouse EL4 transfectants of a novel membrane protein which is closely associated with the products of transfected cDNAs in the absence of interleukin-2. The protein is 75 kDa in size and is detected in cells which express high affinity interleukin-2 receptor but not in cells which only express low affinity interleukin-2 receptor. The transmembrane region and the cytoplasmic region of Tac antigen is not necessary for the formation of the complex consisting of Tac antigen and 75 kDa molecule, indicating that a murine 75 kDa molecule associates with Tac antigen extra-cellularly.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Rheological properties of erythrocytes in recombinant human erythropoietin-administered normal rat.

Recombinant human erythropoietin [rhEPO (180 iu/micrograms); 1 or 10 micrograms polypeptide equivalent/kg] was intravenously administered daily to 6-week-old normal rats for 1 week. Rheologically, (1) blood viscosity at shear rate of 40-380 s-1 increased in a manner entirely dependent upon the haematocrit, (2) no change in erythrocyte deformability was detected by high shear rheoscopy, and (3) the velocity of rouleau formation in autologous plasma (at 7.5 s-1) decreased. Haematologically, rhEPO administration induced considerable polycythaemia with reticulocytosis in a dose-dependent manner, accompanying increased cell volume and decreased intracellular haemoglobin concentration, thus the density distribution of erythrocytes shifted towards low specific gravity. Plasma viscosity and plasma protein composition were unaffected by rhEPO-administration. In erythrocyte metabolism, no drastic alteration in the level of 2.3-DPG or ATP was detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of oxygen depletion on norepinephrine- and carbachol-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover in rat brain slices.

We examined the effects of in vitro anoxia and in vivo hypoxia (8% O2/92% N2) on norepinephrine (NE)- and carbachol-stimulated phosphoinositide (PI) turnover in rat brain slices. The formation of 3H-labeled polyPI in cortical slices was impaired by in vitro anoxia and fully restored by reoxygenation. Accumulation of 3H-labeled myo-inositol phosphates (3H-IPs) stimulated by 10(-5) M NE was significantly reduced by anoxia (control at 60 min, 1,217 +/- 86 cpm/mg of protein; anoxia for 60 min, 651 +/- 82 cpm/mg; mean +/- SEM; n = 5; p less than 0.01), and reoxygenation following anoxia resulted in overshooting of the accumulation (control at 120 min, 1,302 +/- 70 cpm/mg; anoxia for 50 min plus oxygenation for 70 min, 1,790 +/- 126 cpm/mg; n = 5; p less than 0.01). The underlying mechanisms for the two phenomena--the decrease caused by anoxia and the overshooting caused by reoxygenation following anoxia--seemed to be completely different because of the following observations. (a) Although the suppression of NE-stimulated accumulation at low O2 tensions was also observed in Ca2+-free medium, the overshooting in response to reoxygenation was not. (b) Carbachol-stimulated accumulation was significantly reduced by anoxia and was restored by reoxygenation only to control levels. Thus, the postanoxic overshooting in accumulation of 3H-IPs seems to be a specific response to NE. (c) The decrease observed at low O2 tensions was due to a decrease in Emax value, whereas the postanoxic overshooting was due to a decrease in EC50 value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene (trh) encoding the hemolysin related to the thermostable direct hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates derived from an outbreak of gastroenteritis in the Republic of Maldives did not have the genetic potential to produce the thermostable direct hemolysin, but one such isolate produced a hemolysin immunologically related to the thermostable direct hemolysin (T. Honda, Y. Ni, and T. Miwatani, Infect. Immun. 56:61-965, 1988). The Maldives isolates hybridized with the DNA probe for the gene encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (the tdh gene) under reduced stringencies. A DNA fragment containing the probe-reactive nucleotide sequence was isolated from a selected strain and cloned into pBR322 in Escherichia coli. A clone producing the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin was obtained by screening with hemolysis assays and by an immunological assay. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned DNA fragment revealed that the gene encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (the trh gene), like the tdh gene, encoded the hemolysin subunit composed of 189 amino acid residues. The trh gene had significant nucleotide sequence homology with the tdh gene (68.4% with the tdh1 gene copy and 68.6% with the tdh2 gene copy). The amino acid sequences of the hemolysin subunits deduced from the nucleotide sequences of the trh gene and tdh gene were homologous (61.9% homology with the tdh1-encoded subunit and 63.0% homology with the tdh2-encoded subunit) and contained the two cysteine residues to form an intrachain bond at the same positions, and their possible conformations appeared to be similar as determined by hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity analysis and a secondary structure prediction. The trh and tdh genes may have had a common ancestor and may have evolved by single-base changes so that they maintained the fundamental architecture of the molecules.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[The influence of musical experiences on discrimination of two-pure-tone simultaneous intervals].

The purpose of this study was to examine whether experiences of musical instruments influence on discrimination of two-pure-tone simultaneous intervals. Fifteen experienced and 14 inexperienced subjects were asked to compare a standard stimulus with a comparison stimulus whose lower tone was varied from -4 Hz to +4 Hz, and to judge whether they were same or different. One single tone and four two-pure-tone simultaneous intervals, major second, major third, perfect fifth, and major seventh were used as stimuli. The results showed that the experienced subjects were generally more accurate and quicker in the task than the inexperienced subjects. It was suggested that a schema for discrimination of two-pure-tone simultaneous intervals was formed by exercises on musical instruments, and that the inexperienced subjects also had the schema to some extent.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

[Prophylaxis of recurrence of superficial bladder tumor by intravesical chemotherapy].

During the past 10 years, we have experienced 110 bladder tumor cases. Among them, 70 patients were diagnosed superficial bladder tumor. Of these 70 cases, 30 were treated with intravesical adriamycin (ADR) and peplomycin (PEP), 13 with ADR only and one case with PEP and remaining 26 with TUR and hydrostatic pressure technique. We studied the efficacy of combination intravesical chemotherapy with ADR and PEP and other treatments in the prevention of recurrence in the superficial bladder tumor cases. The recurrence rate during 3 years of each group, was 25% in the group treated with ADR and PEP, 35% with ADR and 55% in remaining group. 3 years recurrence rate in the group treated with ADR and PEP was significantly low than that in the group tread with TUR and hydrostatic pressure technique alone (Wilcoxon test). Side effects was pollakisuria, pain after micturition and others. Anaphylactic shock appeared in one case. From these results we concluded that intravesical chemotherapy with combined agents is more effective than that with a single one or no treatment after TUR.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1989

[A case of giant renal hamartoma considered as congenital mesoblastic nephroma of adult].

A case of giant renal hamartoma considered as congenital mesoblastic nephroma in an adult is reported. A 24-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of macroscopic hematuria and left flank pain. On clinical examination, a large left renal tumor was recognized and radical left nephrectomy was performed. The tumor weighed 2,500 g. On histological examination, the tumor was composed of spindle-shaped cells, that were considered as fibroblasts, surrounded by abundant collagenous interstitial material, and many cystic or tubular structures lined by cuboidal epithelium were also seen in the peripheral region. Because of histological similarity we considered this tumor as congenital mesoblastic nephroma in an adult.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of miliary tuberculosis associated with ARDS, DIC and bilateral pneumothorax].

We reported a case of 64 a year-old male patient of miliary tuberculosis associated with ARDS, DIC and pneumothorax, who had a history of gastric ulcer and pulmonary tuberculosis. On admission his chief complaints were fever, fatigue, palpitation, appetite loss and weight loss, and most noticeable abnormalities were bleeding from the gastric ulcer and miliary shadow on the chest x-ray film with hypoxemia. On the day after admission to the hospital he was diagnosed as ARDS as he showed severe hypoxemia due to extensive tuberculous infiltration in bilateral lung fields, and treatment with antituberculous drugs and steroids were started. On the third hospital day DIC appeared on laboratory data, Gabexate mesilate (FOY) for DIC and respirator for ARDS were introduced. Two weeks later pulmonary infiltration, PaO2 and general condition were somewhat improved. On the 15th day after admission pneumothorax occurred on the right side, and on the 20th day on the left. Tube drainage of both pleural cavities, and instillation of OK-432 and Fibrinogen HT into the right pleural cavity were done, but it showed no effect. Two months after admission pouring Fibrinogen HT and thrombin into the left B1+2 and right B1 with cannula washing pipe through the instrument channel of bronchoscope was carried out. A few days later air leakage stopped and collapsed lungs were completely expanded. This method is effective in the case of incurable pneumothorax with pulmonary hypofunction.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1989

Use of apraclonidine to reduce acute intraocular pressure rise following Q-switched Nd:YAG laser iridotomy.

We evaluated the effectiveness of topical apraclonidine (ALO 2145, p-amino clonidine hydrochloride) in suppressing an acute postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) rise following Nd:YAG laser iridotomy. Fifty-eight eyes (45 patients) with chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma underwent Q-switched Nd:YAG laser iridotomy. Twenty-nine eyes followed prospectively underwent Nd:YAG laser iridotomy following the topical administration of 0.5% apraclonidine prior to and immediately following the procedure. A retrospective control group of 29 eyes underwent Nd:YAG laser iridotomy without topical apraclonidine. Only one eye (3.4%) treated with apraclonidine experienced an IOP rise greater than 10 mm Hg over baseline, while five among 29 untreated eyes (17.2%) developed an IOP rise greater than 10 mm Hg.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of unresectable advanced gastric cancer with effective treatment by local administration of OK-432 on operation].

A 70-year-old male with unresectable stage IV gastric cancer was locally administered OK-432 on operation. During the 3rd year following the operation, primary lesion was notably reduced by endoscopic picture, and ro cancerous tissue was detected by biopsy. In addition, serum levels of AFP and CEA were markedly decreased. The patient has survived for 3 years 6 months after operation.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1989

[A case of spontaneous pneumothorax due to metastasis of urinary bladder carcinoma to the lung].

We reported a case of spontaneous pneumothorax associated with pulmonary metastasis of urinary bladder carcinoma. A 73-year-old male patient complaining of chest pain and dyspnea was admitted, who had undergone transurethral resection of the urinary bladder carcinoma and diagnosis of inactive pulmonary tuberculosis based on the chest X-ray film finding one year previously. On admission, chest X-ray film showed right pneumothorax, and the re-expanded chest X-ray film revealed a cystic lesion in the right upper lung field adjacent to the anterior chest wall, corresponding to the previous pulmonary lesion. Three months later, right thoracotomy was performed because of relapse accompanying by profuse air-leakage. There was a pleural fistula on the surface of the cystic lesion and necrotic tissue in it. Drainage bronchi were involved by surrounding tumorous tissue. Histological examination of the specimen from the cyst wall disclosed metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The probable mechanism of the spontaneous pneumothorax probable consisted of stenosis of the right B3 bronchus caused by the metastatic tumor produced a check valve mechanism leading to cystic lesion, the rupture of which caused the spontaneous pneumothorax.

Aged↗