Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Tanigawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Tanigawa.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Different sensitivity to streptolysin-O of cells in macrophage lineage.

We have surveyed the sensitivity of cells in macrophage lineage to Streptolysin-O (SLO). SLO had cytotoxic activity on immature myeloid cell lines such as M1 and WEHI-3BD+. SLO was toxic to the cells after a 2-hr incubation. However, mature macrophage cell lines such as A640-BB-2, J774, and P388D1 were not sensitive to the same dose of SLO. After M1 cells were treated with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a differentiation-inducer to macrophage, these cells became insensitive to SLO in one day. This cytotoxic action of SLO was inhibited by pretreatment with anti-Streptolysin-O antibody or cholesterol. These results indicate that SLO has different effects on macrophage lineage.

Antibodies, Blocking↗
PubMed1996

Diagnosis of lymphoma in paraffin wax sections by nested PCR and immunohistochemistry.

AIMS: To investigate whether nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry can be used to diagnose malignant lymphoma. METHODS: Paraffin wax embedded tissue sections from 31 patients with malignant lymphoma were analysed by nested PCR and immunohistochemistry using standard protocols. RESULTS: Nested PCR amplification of 1 pg DNA confirmed monoclonality in B cell lymphoma; PCR amplification of 10 pg DNA confirmed monoclonality in T cell lymphoma. Twenty seven (87%) samples were diagnosed as malignant lymphoma by nested PCR, and 24 (77%) by immunohistochemistry. Seven samples were diagnosed as malignant lymphoma by nested PCR, but not by immunohistochemistry, whereas the use of both procedures gave a diagnosis of malignant lymphoma in all 31 samples. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of immunohistochemistry and nested PCR can be used to diagnose malignant lymphoma in routine paraffin wax embedded sections.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

An Economic Analysis of Water and Sanitation Infrastructure Improvements in the Colonias of El Paso County, Texas.

The authors conducted a cost-benefit analysis of a project to improve water supply and sanitation infrastructure in a rural community (colonia) along the United States-Mexico border. The present value of total costs in the scenario without improvements was $42,937,507, compared with net costs with improvements of $34,600,800. It is estimated that improved access to safe drinking water and solid waste sanitation prevented 155 cases of hepatitis A and 5,165 cases of gastrointestinal illness over 26 years and saved $846,541 in associated health care costs, approximately 10% of the total estimated savings. The majority of benefits was in the form of time savings and increased land values. The authors did not consider the value of improving environmental conditions for future generations and preventing communicable disease epidemics associated with poor sanitation. Accurate value estimates for these benefits might strengthen the argument for undertaking similar infrastructure-improvement projects in the colonias and in other underdeveloped rural areas of the United States. cost-benefit analysis; water supply and sanitation; health care costs; disease-prevention effectiveness Hanley & Belfus, Inc. Int J Occup Environ Health 1077-3525 2 3 1996 July/September Decreases in Subpopulations of T Lymphocytes and Natural Killer Cells in the Blood of Retired Chromate Workers 222 225 EN Takeshi Tanigawa Shunichi Araki Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. Akinori Nakata Takaharu Araki Susumu Sakurai To examine the effects of past exposure to chromates on lymphocyte subpopulations in man, the authors measured subpopulations of T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells by flow cytometry together with B lymphocytes in blood samples from 27 male workers and 22 healthy controls. All subjects were nonsmokers. The numbers of CD4+CD45RA+ (suppressor-inducer), CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) and total T lymphocytes, CD16+CD57+ NK cells, and total lymphocytes in the blood of chromate workers were significantly smaller than those in the blood of healthy controls (analysis of covariance with age as a covariate). It is suggested that suppressor-inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells with intermediate NK cell activity are most susceptible to the effects of past exposure to chromates as compared with other lymphocyte subpopulations such as B and CD4+CD29+ T lymphocytes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Increase in CD57 + CD16-lymphocytes in workers exposed to benzidine and beta-naphthylamine: assessment of natural killer cell subpopulations.

Previously, we found a decrease in CD4 + CD45RA + T lymphocytes in workers exposed to the aromatic amines (AAs) [benzidine (BZ) and beta naphthylamine (BNA)]. For further investigation of the effects of AAs on lymphocyte subpopulations, we measured natural killer (NK) cell subpopulations using two-color staining with anti-Leu7 (CD57) and anti-Leu11 (CD16) monoclonal antibodies in peripheral blood in 78 male dyestuff workers. The workers had been exposed to AAs before 1972 at a chemical plant, either in the production of AAs (40 workers, high-exposure group) or in other work that involved handling dyestuffs (38 workers, low-exposure group). The controls were 30 "healthy" male volunteers without a history of occupational exposure to AAs or hazardous chemicals. The number of CD57 + CD16- cells in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than that in the controls (P < 0.01, analysis of covariance with age as a covariate). No significant differences were found in CD57 + CD16-, CD57 + CD16+ and CD57- CD16 + NK cells between the low-exposure group and the controls. It is suggested that a decrease in the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes following exposure to AAs might be compensated by the increase in CD57 + CD16- cells, i.e. circulating peripheral lymphocytes with poor NK cell activity.

2-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1995

Antisense oligonucleotide inhibits the expression of procollagen type III gene in mouse fibroblasts.

The effects of transfection of phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) into BALB/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts on procollagen type III production were examined. Immunohistochemistry and Western blots showed that the expression of procollagen type III decreased. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of procollagen type III mRNA was inhibited. ASOs were effective for inhibiting procollagen type III production at the gene level, although the effect was transient.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1995

Differential regulation of macrophage differentiation in response to leukemia inhibitory factor/oncostatin-M/interleukin-6: the effect of enforced expression of the SCL transcription factor.

The physiologic program of macrophage differentiation normally proceeds in a coordinated manner in response to several different growth factors. Although the utilization of common receptor subunits may explain in part overlapping biologic functions, mechanisms by which unique actions are mediated remain obscure. We examined growth factor-induced macrophage differentiation in M1 leukemia cells that simultaneously display receptors for interleukin-6 (IL-6), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Oncostatin-M (OSM). Differentiation induced by all three factors was associated with decreased expression of transcription factors myb and SCL, increased expression of macrophage markers, and suppression of proliferation. Cell lines were established in which SCL expression was enforced. In the absence of growth factors, cells were indistinguishable from parental cells. However, LIF (or OSM)-induced macrophage differentiation was perturbed; there was failure to undergo morphologic differentiation, disturbed expression of lysozyme and Mac1 alpha, and failure to suppress proliferation. Surprisingly the perturbation of macrophage differentiation did not apply to induced expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptors. This dissociation of elements normally coordinated in a macrophage differentiation program applied at a clonal level. There was no disturbance of IL-6-induced macrophage differentiation. These data directly implicate SCL in components of the macrophage differentiation program (suggesting that LIF receptor/gp130 heterodimers utilize an SCL-inhibitable pathway while gp130 homodimers do not) and demonstrate differential-regulation of components of the mature macrophage phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Decreases of CD4- and CD8-positive T lymphocytes in retired chromate workers.

To investigate the effects of chromates on the human immune system, we measured total T lymphocytes and their two major subpopulations (CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes) in the peripheral blood of 19 retired male workers who had been exposed to chromate at a chemical plant. The results indicated that both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly decreased, resulting in decreases in total T lymphocytes and total lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Hydroxyl radical scavenging by rebamipide and related compounds: electron paramagnetic resonance study.

We studied the scavenging activity of rebamipide, a novel antipeptic ulcer agent, and seven related compounds against hydroxyl radicals using the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping technique. 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) was used as a spin trapping agent. We estimated the second order rate constant for the reaction between the agents tested and hydroxyl radical at pH 7.8 by kinetic competition studies. All compounds tested scavenged the hydroxyl radicals with a certain relationship between concentration and scavenging efficacy. A structure-scavenging activity relationship was derived from the kinetic evidence available on the formation and inhibition of the DMPO spin adduct EPR signal of hydroxyl radicals (DMPO-OH). Important determinants for scavenging hydroxyl radicals were the 3,4-double bond of the quinolinone ring in conjunction with a 2-oxo function and the carbonyl portion of the amido group in conjunction with a para-chlorobenzoyl function.

Alanine↗
PubMed1995

Role of micro-chimerism in inducing immunological tolerance by intraportal injection of donor spleen cells in rats.

Recently, we reported that intraportal (IP) injection of donor spleen cells (SPCs) prevented liver allograft rejection. Moreover, we developed a new method using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and demonstrated micro-chimerism (MC) at the DNA level in the spleen 14 days after IP injection. In the present study, the long-term presence of injected allogeneic SPCs was investigated at the cellular level by immunofluorescence staining as well as the DNA level using RFLP analysis. Male ACI (RT1a) rats were used as the donors and Lewis (RT1(1)) rats as the recipients. After DNA preparation from the lymphoid organs, RT1B beta domain 1 region was amplified by PCR, and RFLP analysis was performed with PvuII restriction enzyme. In the immunofluorescence staining, the monoclonal antibody, MN4-91-6, was used to detect the injected donor ACI SPCs in a frozen specimen. We did not detect MC in Lewis rats intravenously injected with 5 x 10(7) ACI SPCs on day 14. On the other hand, stable chimerism in the spleen was observed in intraportally injected rats up to 28 days after injection at not only the DNA level but also the cellular level. No chimerism was detected in other organs (including the thymus, lymph nodes, and liver). In conclusion, the long-term presence of injected allogeneic SPCs in the spleen was demonstrated after IP injection but not after IV injection, and this phenomenon may be one of the mechanisms involved in portal venous immunosuppression.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Identification and characterization of monocyte subpopulations from patients with bronchial asthma.

Monocytes are inflammatory cells that accumulate in the airway in asthma. Monocytes constitute a heterogenous cell population in normal subjects. The heterogeneity of monocytes from nine patients with mild asthma and nine normal subjects was studied by means of discontinuous density gradient centrifugation with use of bovine serum albumin. The rate of low-density monocytes recovered from patients with asthma was higher than that obtained from normal subjects. The functional activity of monocyte fractions from asthmatic and control subjects was assessed by using the release of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and the intensity of lysosomal enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase. The low-density cells produced less IL-1 beta than did cells of higher density in normal subjects. The IL-1 beta release was increased in low-density monocytes from subjects with asthma when compared with the same fraction from normal subjects (p < 0.01). The low-density monocytes had a higher activity of lysosomal enzymes than did cells of higher density in both asthmatic and normal subjects. Electron microscopic studies showed that low-density monocytes from the subjects with mild asthma appeared to have the morphologic characteristics of activated cells with more vacuoles in this periphery. This study shows that low-density monocytes from subjects with asthma retain the ability to be activated in vivo and in vitro and may orchestrate immune reactions in mild asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Pigmented renal cell carcinoma.

A rare case of pigmented renal cell carcinoma is presented. The tumor was yellow, somewhat elastic, and soft with focal gray and tan areas. Microscopically, the tumor was a typical renal cell carcinoma of the clear-cell type. Tumor cells containing brown pigment in the cytoplasm were scattered throughout the tumor. Ultrastructurally, the electron-dense granules consistent with the brown pigment noted at the microscopic level showed a coarse or fine granular matrix with or without homogeneous high electron-dense areas, resembling lipofuscin. However, the nature of the pigment was different from that of lipofuscin by the Masson-Fontana method after bleaching and rather similar to neuromelanin. The current case is a rare renal cell carcinoma with pigmentation attributed to abnormally excessive accumulation of neuromelanin pigment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus spp. contamination in the ward environment: study on mecA and femA genes in methicillin-resistant strains.

Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from the ward environment and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed. Twenty-nine strains out of 274 isolates were S. aureus, and 41.4% of the S. aureus strains were methicillin resistant (MRSA). All 12 strains of MRSA were also resistant to oxacillin, ceftizoxime, ampicillin and clindamycin. Among the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), methicillin-resistant (MR) strains of S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. warneri, S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. auricularis, S. saprophyticus and S. cohnii were isolated. Eight of the 10 S. Haemolyticus strains were methicillin resistant. The femA gene was detected in S. aureus (MSSA and MRSA), but not in CNS by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and Southern blot analysis. The mecA gene was found in all the MRSA and MR-S. epidermidis strains tested, and one of the two MR-S. hominis strains, but not in MSSA, MS-S. epidermidis, MS-S. hominis, or MS-S. haemolyticus. DNA from one strain of MR-S. hominis and 2 strains of MR-S. haemolyticus was not amplified by PCR using the mecA gene primer, or hybridized by Southern blotting. The ambiguity that mecA was detected in some MR-CNS strains, but not in others is discussed.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

A new gastric ulcer model in rats produced by ferrous iron and ascorbic acid injection.

We developed a new gastric ulcer model in which the ulcers are induced by the local injection of a ferrous iron and ascorbic acid (Fe/ASA) solution into the gastric wall. These ulcers resemble human gastric ulcers that penetrate the muscularis mucosa. The involvement of oxygen radical-mediated lipid peroxidation as the cause of these ulcers was investigated. With ferrous iron or ascorbic acid alone, gastric ulcers did not form, whereas penetrating ulcers were produced by the simultaneous injection of the Fe/ASA solution in a dose-dependent manner. Lipid peroxides significantly accumulated in the gastric mucosa from 1 to 24 h after the injection of the Fe/ASA solution. This increase in lipid peroxides preceded grossly evident gastric ulcer. Treatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD, recombinant human CuZnSOD) significantly reduced the size of the ulcers and inhibited the accumulation in lipid peroxides in the gastric mucosa, while treatment with apo-SOD or heat-inactivated SOD did not. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation mediated by oxygen radicals plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the gastric ulceration induced by the Fe/ASA solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Polymeric N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (chitin) induces prostaglandin E2 in dogs.

The level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the exudate induced by subcutaneous implantation of a complex formed from non-woven fabric of polyester (NWF) and polymeric N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (chitin) (chitin/NWF) or by implantation of NWF in dogs was measured by radioimmunoassay. The amount of PGE2 in the exudate induced by chitin/NWF was about five times as high as that in the exudate induced by NWF (p < 0.05), while the level of PGE2 in the exudate was similar to that in serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

A family with hereditary serum cholinesterase deficiency.

A family with serum cholinesterase (SChE) deficiency is reported. A 64-year-old woman was admitted for the excision of colon adenoma; her laboratory data revealed a markedly decreased level of SChE. SChE genes of the patient and her family members were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by direct sequencing. The patient's SChE gene had a homozygous frame shift mutation, in which an extra adenine was inserted in codon 315 (ACC-->AACC), resulting in the appearance of a new stop codon in codon 322. The family study disclosed that her brother and sister had the same frame shift mutations in homozygote and heterozygote, respectively.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Can spin trapping compounds like PBN protect against self-inflicted damage in polymorphonuclear leukocytes?

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have been suggested to be damaged by superoxide radical generated on their own. The protective capacity of a spin trapping compound, phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) was evaluated for this damage which occurs after the induction of superoxide generation. The life span of PMNs after superoxide generation was measured in the presence of PBN using the cell counting method, and effects of PBN on the amount of superoxide generated were quantitated using both cytochrome c reduction and spin trapping with DMPO. Results indicated significant extension of life span when PBN was present, and the extension was dose dependent. However, the magnitude of life span extension was not as large as expected from the decrease of superoxide generation. Possible mechanisms for the protection of PMNs by PBN are discussed.

Cell Death↗
PubMed1995

Spin trapping isotopically-labelled nitric oxide produced from [15N]L-arginine and [17O]dioxygen by activated macrophages using a water soluble Fe(++)-dithiocarbamate spin trap.

The unique capabilities of EPR spin trapping of nitric oxide based on a ferrous-dithiocarbamate spin trap have been demonstrated in a study verifying the source of the nitrogen and oxygen atoms in nitric oxide produced from activated macrophages. Spin trapping experiments were performed during nitric oxide generation from activated mouse peritoneal macrophages using the ferrous complex of N-methyl D-glucamine dithiocarbamate as a spin trap. When 15N-substituted arginine was given to the activated macrophages in the presence of the spin trap, a characteristic EPR spectrum of the nitric oxide spin adduct was obtained, which indicates the presence of the 15N atom in the nitric oxide molecule. The hyperfine splitting (hfs) constant of the 15N nucleus was 17.6 gauss. When 17O-containing dioxygen (55%) was supplied to the medium, an EPR spectrum consistent with the 17O-substituted nitric oxide spin adduct was observed in the composite spectrum. The hfs of 17O was estimated to be 2.5 gauss. The 14NO spin adduct observed after prolonged incubation in the medium which contains [15N]L-arginine as the only extracellular source of arginine demonstrates that arginine is recycled through its metabolite in activated macrophages.

Animals↗