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Biomedical subjects

T Taki

Publications and source records attributed to T Taki.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Glycolipid composition of ascitic fluids from patients with cancer.

The glycolipid composition of ascitic fluids from nine patients with cancer and one pleural effusion from a hepatoma patient was studied. Glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide, and globotetraosylceramide were found in all samples and also in normal human serum. These glycolipids accounted for more than 90% of the neutral glycolipid fraction and the composition in ascitic fluids was similar to that in normal human serum. From ascitic fluids, several minor glycolipids, which could not be detected in normal human serum, were isolated and characterized by exoglycosidase treatment. Lactoneotetraosylceramide was found in eight samples of ascitic fluids, and globopentaosylceramide was detected in two samples from hepatoma and one from pancreatic cancer. A fucolipid which was converted to lactoneotetraosylceramide by alpha-L-fucosidase treatment was recognized in two samples from hepatoma patients. In the ganglioside fraction, GM3 was the predominant component both in normal human serum and in ascitic fluid. The GM2 content in ascitic fluids was much higher than that in normal human serum. From these results, lactoneotetraosylceramide and GM2 are possible candidates as cancer markers, because they seemed to be derived from cancer tissues by shedding.

Ascites↗
PubMed1984

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the small intestine.

A case of tumorous heterotopic gastric mucosa which acted as a leading point of jejunal double-barrelled intussusception in a 16-year-old girl is presented. The lesion, 5 x 3 x 2 cm, was polypoid in shape with sharp circumscription. Histologically, the tumor consisted of gastric fundic and pseudopyloric glands. The pertinent literature is also reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Basal cell epithelioma occurring in an epidermal nevus.

An unusual case is presented of a thirty-year-old woman in whom basal cell epithelioma developed from a preexisting localized epidermal nevus in the scalp. The epidermal nevus was not associated with any abnormal pilosebaceous complexes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A new method for purification of anti-glycosphingolipid antibody. Avian anti-hematoside (NeuGc) antibody.

A new method for purification of anti-glycosphingolipid antibodies had been developed. N-Glycolylneuraminyl(alpha 2-3)lactosylceramide [hematoside (NeuGc)] could be hydrophobically bound on octyl-Sepharose 4B in the presence of 0.1 M KCl. The Sepharose gel coated with hematoside (NeuGc) was used as immunoadsorbent for affinity column chromatography to purify avian anti-hematoside (NeuGc) antibody. The procedure is very simple, reproducible and applicable to purification of almost all anti-glycosphingolipid antibodies. The glycosphingolipid used for the affinity chromatography could be recovered without any destruction by successive extraction of the gel with methanol and methanol/chloroform (1:2, v/v).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Differentiation-associated changes of glycolipid composition and metabolism in mouse myeloid leukemia cells. Induction of globotriaosylceramide and a galactosyltransferase.

This study was to find out whether induction of special glycolipids or glycosyltransferases for glycolipid synthesis which might be involved in the cell functions occurred during the differentiation. Mouse myeloid leukemia cell line (M1-), the differentiated cells (M1+), and a subcloned cell line (Mm1) were used for this purpose. Gangliotriaosylceramide (GA2) was the major glycolipid component in M1- cells. As a result of differentiation of M1- into M1+ cells, globotriaosylceramide (CTH) was newly induced as the main glycolipid, while GA2 decreased to a minor component. GA2 was found to be the main glycolipid in Mm1 cells but no CTH was recognized. All precursor glycolipids and glycosyltransferases required to complete the biosynthetic pathway glucosylceramide (CMH) leads to lactosylceramide (CDH) leads to GA2 leads to gangliotetraosylceramide (GA1) leads to sialosylgangliotetraosylceramide (GM1b) were found in M1- and also in Mm1 cells. A galactosyltransferase activity for CTH synthesis from CDH increased 10 fold during the differentiation. The induction of CTH in M1+ cells could be attributed to the increase of the galactosyltransferase activity. Both CTH as a surface marker and the galactosyltransferase as an enzyme marker are proposed as valuable markers of differentiation in M1- cells. Besides the galactosyltransferase, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferease involved in the formation of lactotriaosylceramide (amino-CTH) increased up to 3 fold during the differentiation. The increase of the enzyme activity seemed to be responsible for the biosynthesis of lactoneotetraosylceramide (paragloboside) which appeared in M1+ cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Developmental changes of ganglioside compositions and biosyntheses in rat bone marrow cells, spleen and thymus.

Studies on developmental changes of ganglioside synthesis and compositions were carried out using rat bone marrow cells, spleen and thymus. Ganglioside synthesis was studied by assaying sialyltransferase for GM3 synthesis and GM1b synthesis. In bone marrow cells, peaks of both enzyme activities occurred coincidentally in 2- to 5-week-old rats. In spleen, the highest activities of these enzymes were observed in one-week-old rats. GM1b synthesis in the thymus was almost constant after birth, but GM3 synthesis could not be detected at any age examined. Developmental changes of gangliosides in these tissues were analyzed by thin layer chromatography. Gangliosides corresponding to GM1b and GM3 were recognized in each tissue. The ganglioside content of the bone marrow cells increased in 2- to 5-week-old rats. Ganglioside corresponding to GM1b was isolated from the bone marrow cells, and its structure was confirmed to be the same as that of GM1b by sequential hydrolysis of the ganglioside with glycosidases. GM3 was a predominant ganglioside in newborn rat spleen. Ganglioside content in the spleen increased during 2-5 weeks after birth and became constant after 9 weeks. In the thymus, more than 10 different gangliosides were discriminated, but significant changes of ganglioside pattern with the progress of development could not be observed. The developmental change of the ganglioside composition coincided well with the change of sialyltransferase activities.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

[Surgical treatment of metastatic lung tumors].

Surgical treatments were performed in 88 cases of metastatic lung tumors, where 5 years survival rate in all resected cases was 37.5%. We report our principles on the surgical treatment for metastatic lung tumors. First of all, the biological characteristics of the primary lesion is among the most important factors in considering the indication for the surgical treatment in metastatic lung tumors. For example, chemotherapy must be the first choice in treating lung metastasis of choriocarcinoma, and hormone therapy in lung metastasis of mammary carcinoma. On the other hand, such tumors as osteogenic sarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, colorectal carcinoma and Grawitz's tumor, should be treated by surgery. Another point in the surgery of the metastatic lung tumor is the choice of the mode of operation for the solitary metastatic tumor according to tumor type. As a principle, partial or segmental resection is preferably chosen for metastatic lung tumor. However, the location of the lung tumor, tumor size, hilar lymph node metastasis and the pattern of invasion to the surrounding lung tissue must be considered to decide the surgical procedure. From these considerations, the segmental or partial resection for metastatic sarcomas and the lobectomy for the metastatic carcinomas are appropriate in general.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis through asialogangliosides in rat bone marrow cells.

Glycolipid biosynthesis in rat bone marrow cells has been studied with reference to four kinds of glycosyltransferases catalyzing the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, N-acetylneuraminic acid, and fucose to each glycolipid acceptor. It was demonstrated that glycosyltransferase activities which synthesize galactosylglucosylceramide (CDH) from glucosylceramide (CMH), N-acetylgalactosaminylgalactosylglucosylceramide (GA2) from CDH, galactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminylgalactosylglucosylceramide (GA1) from GA2 and N-acetylneuraminylgalactosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminylgalactosylglucosylceramide (Gm1b) from GA1 were all present in rat bone marrow cell homogenate. Fucosyltransferase activity catalyzing the transfer of fucose from GDP-fucose to GA1 was also recognized in the cell homogenate. Neutral glycolipid extracted from rat bone marrow cells was analyzed by thin layer chromatography and glycosidase treatments. The presence of glycolipids corresponding to GA2, GA1 and fucolipid was demonstrated. From these results, it was concluded that the biosynthesis of glycolipid through asialogangliosides is a major biosynthetic route in rat bone marrow cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Simple purification method for anti-glycolipid antibody using polystyrene latex beads coated with gangliotetraosylceramide.

A simple method for the purification of antiglycolipid antibody is described. Polystyrene latex beads coated with gangliotetraosylceramide (GA1) were used as immunoadsorbent for the purification of anti-GA1 antibody. The antibody bound to the GA1-coated latex beads was released with 1 M NaSCN solution. The glycolipid-coated latex beads seem valuable not only for the purification of antibodies but also as a tool for investigating the function of glycolipids.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1982

DNA content of pancreatic duct hyperplasia and carcinoma.

The DNA content of epithelial nuclei of hyperplastic and carcinomatous ducts of the pancreas was examined cytophotometrically. The materials were obtained from 2 cases of nonpapillary hyperplasia, 3 of papillary hyperplasia, 2 of atypical hyperplasia and 2 of tubular adenocarcinoma, which were selected by reviewing the pancreata of about 1,600 human autopsy cases. A gradual shift was observed in the DNA content from the normal level to a carcinomatous level through various stages of hyperplasia. Based on these findings, the hypothesis that pancreatic duct hyperplasia is a potent precursor of pancreatic carcinoma is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗