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Biomedical subjects

T Takemoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Takemoto.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Use of head-up tilt testing to determine a possible cause of unexpected cardiac asystole during epidural anesthesia.

Head-up tilt testing is widely used in the diagnosis of syncope of unknown origin. In this report, head-up tilt testing elucidated the etiology of cardiac asystole of unexpected and sudden onset during orthopedic surgery under epidural anesthesia in a 30-year-old woman. Conventional diagnostic approaches were ineffective. Venous pooling in the lower legs as a result of vasodilation and subsequent vagotony due to epidural anesthesia, a condition mimicking orthostatic stress, is proposed as the mechanism of asystole. Follow-up examinations over 16 months revealed no further syncope and a good clinical course. Head-up tilt testing was useful in determining etiology in this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Two patients with pulmonary hemorrhage associated with myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody].

We encountered two patients with pulmonary hemorrhage who had high levels of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA). Patient 1 was a 69-year-old woman. Both were admitted to our hospital complaining of hemoptysis. Microscopic hematuria was detected in patient 1, and proteinuria and renal insufficiency were detected in patient 2. Chest X-ray films showed bilateral patchy infiltrates in patient 1, and right middle-lower infiltrates in patient 2. In both patients the levels of MPO-ANCA were high and the results of tests for anti-basement membrane antibodies were negative. These patients were suspected to have pulmonary-renal vasculitic syndrome with a high level of MPO-ANCA. In patient 1, because the level of MPO-ANCA decreased after treatment with steroid therapy, we believe that measuring the level of MPO-ANCA was useful in the management of the disease. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis developed in patient 2, and was exacerbated despite hemodialysis, steroid therapy, and plasma exchange therapy. Use of the term microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) was first proposed by yhe Chapel Hill Consensus Conference in 1993. MPA, which was formerly called microscopic polyarteritis nodosa, connotes pauci-immune necrotizing vasculitis affecting arterioles, venules, or capillaries, and this condition is strongly associated with ANCA. Patients with pulmonary-renal vasculitic syndrome who have MPO-ANCA may be given a diagnosis of MPA. Therefore, we diagnosed MPA in these two patients. Testing for ANCA may be useful in patients with pulmonary hemorrhage and renal involvement.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

A population study on risk factors for insomnia among adult Japanese women: a possible effect of road traffic volume.

In an effort to identify risk factors for insomnia and determine the contribution of nightime road traffic volume to insomnia in the general population, a questionnaire survey was carried out among 3,600 adult Japanese women living in eight urban residential areas. The crude prevalence rate of insomnia was 11.2%. Multivariate analysis revealed that aging, living with a child/children aged six or younger, undergoing medical treatment, experiencing major life events, having an irregular bedtime, having a sleep apnealike symptom, and living near a road with a heavy volume of traffic are risk factors for insomnia. Taking into account other risk factors, there was a level-response relationship between the nighttime traffic volume of main roads and the risk of insomnia in the subjects living in the zones 0-20 m from these roads. These results suggest that road traffic noise raises the sound level in bedrooms in such zones, and consequently the prevalence rate of insomnia among the residents, and that noise-induced insomnia is an important public health problem, at least in highly urbanized areas. To confirm this, a further study on noise exposure is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A study of the impact of occupational and domestic factors on insomnia among industrial workers of a manufacturing company in Japan.

Insomnia is one of the most common health problems and has recently been re-termed 'Disorders of initiating and Maintaining Sleep', or DIMS. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between daily psychosocial stressors, to which workers are exposed in occupational and/or private life, and insomnia among male industrial workers in a medium-sized company located in Nagasaki City, Japan. All of the workers in the company (n = 368, male = 319) were asked to answer six sleep related questions and 24 questions about working and private conditions. Two hundred and seventy-one (85.0%) of them completed the questionnaire (average age was 40.9 years old). Twenty seven point seven per cent of the subjects complained of insomnia in the last month prior to the survey and the prevalence was in general accord with previous surveys. On the other hand, the proportion of hypnotic use (1.1%), especially in insomniac group (2.7%) was lower than previous reports. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that four psychosocial factors were significantly associated with insomnia: i.e. VDT work overload (odds ratio [OR] 5.058; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] 2.381-10.745), limited space of bedroom (OR 2.612; 95% CI 1.283-5.683), over-involvement in job (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.188-6.540), frequent alcohol beverages consumption (OR 2.595; CI 1.77-5.719).

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of N-(6-functionalized-amino-3-pyridyl)-N'-bicycloalkyl-N''-cyanoguanidine s as antihypertensive agents.

A series of amino acid conjugates of N-(6-amino-3-pyridyl)-N'-[exo-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]-N''- cyanoguanidine (4) were prepared and evaluated as antihypertensive agents. The parent compound 4 showed potent potassium channel-opening and antihypertensive activities, but with undesirable changes of the urinary balance of electrolytes. However, alanine and histidine congeners (9,19) reduced this undesirable side effect of 4 through improved pharmacokinetics without loss of antihypertensive activity. They also provided additional information on the structural requirements for pinacidil-type potassium channel openers.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Induction of repair capacity for oxidatively damaged DNA as a component of peroxide stress response in Escherichia coli.

We examined whether or not peroxide stress induces a repair capacity for oxidatively damaged DNA in Escherichia coli cells. Peroxide stress was brought about by adding 30 microM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to exponentially growing cells. The following results were obtained. (1) After exposure to H2O2, E. coli resistance to X-rays was enhanced. The acquisition of resistance was inhibited by rifampicin and chloramphenicol. (2) The response was acquired in mutants defective in the katG and oxyR genes, as well as in the wild-type strain. (3) Lambda phages damaged by exposure to H2O2 showed higher survival on H2O2-treated cells than on untreated cells. (4) The peroxide stress did not render E. coli cells resistant to UV and mitomycin C. These suggest that peroxide stress induces a repair capacity against oxidative DNA damage and that this response must be regulated by a different mechanism from oxyR(+)-mediated regulatory system.

Bacteriophage lambda↗
PubMed1996

Gastritis in the Japanese stomach.

Endoscopic studies of Japanese patients with gastritis have revealed the existence of an endoscopic atrophic border that marks the transition between non-atrophic gastritis and atrophic gastritis, and between fundic glands and pyloric glands. Marked changes in cell type, gastritis activity, atrophy and density of Helicobacter pylori infection occur across this border. Gastritis appears to extend from the antrum to the corpus more quickly in Japanese patients than in patients from other populations. Infection with H. pylori may be an important factor influencing the rate of progression of gastritis in Japanese patients.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1996

Distribution of inflammation and atrophy in the stomach of Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative patients with chronic gastritis.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the extent of inflammation and atrophy in the stomach of Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative patients with chronic gastritis. METHODS: Endoscopy with biopsies from the lesser curvatures of the antrum, angulus, middle body, and the greater curvature of the middle body of the stomach was performed in 59 patients with histologically confirmed chronic gastritis. The extent of atrophic gastritis was assessed endoscopically as well histologically. H. pylori status was assessed by histology as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The histological severity of chronic and acute inflammation, glandular atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia was assessed according to the Sydney system. RESULTS: In H. pylori-positive patients, H. pylori was evenly distributed throughout the stomach when the extent of atrophic gastritis was limited to the antrum and the lesser curvature of the body, but disappeared from the antrum of patients with more extensive atrophic gastritis. The severity of acute and chronic inflammation at the greater curvature of the body increased with the extension of atrophic gastritis. In H. pylori-negative patients, the severity of chronic inflammation at the greater curvature of the body was significantly higher in patients with extensive atrophic gastritis than in those with a lesser extent of atrophic gastritis. CONCLUSION: At the greater curvature of the body, the development of atrophy is closely associated with the increase in the severity of inflammation, which is more marked in H. pylori-positive patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

In vitro investigation of a combination of two drugs, cisplatin and carboplatin, as a function of the area under the c/t curve.

The log/log relationship between the IC50 of cisplatin or carboplatin and the exposure time, determined by human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA) and MTTAI (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay with additional incubation) using PC-14 cells, exhibited a straight line with a slope of -1, indicating that both drugs have AUC-dependent cytotoxicity (AUC, area under the c/t curve). The combined effect of cisplatin and carboplatin was estimated by the median-effect analysis using HTCA, and it was additive when the AUC ratio (AUC of free platinum from carboplatin/that from cisplatin) was low (3.2, 6.5 or 13.1 in each of PC-7, PC-9, PC-14, H-69, and K562). However, it was significantly worse at a higher AUC ratio (19.5 in PC-7, PC-9, and PC-14). The log/log relationship of each drug, determined by MTTAI using human bone marrow cells, showed that each drug exerts an AUC-dependent cytotoxicity on marrow granulocytes. When cisplatin and carboplatin were combined at an AUC ratio of 14, the therapeutic index was significantly better than that of carboplatin alone and less than that of cisplatin alone using K562, PC-9 and PC-14, indicating the usefulness of this combined therapy for tumor cells with high sensitivity to platinum compounds at this AUC ratio.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

Lipid composition and fatty acid analysis of Helicobacter pylori.

Lipids extracted from Helicobacter pylori were separated into lipid classes by thin-layer chromatography. Simple H. pylori lipids consisted of cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesterol, diacylglycerols, and monoacylglycerols. Fatty acids were released from each lipid class by acid methanolysis, and analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Unique methoxy fatty acids, including 11-methoxy heptadecanoic and 11-methoxy nonadecanoic acids, were the major components of the cholesterol esters and triglycerides. The predominance of methoxy fatty acids in the cholesterol esters of H. pylori may contribute to the acid-resistant characteristic of this bacillus.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1995

Mucosal regeneration of gastric ulcer confirmed by electronic endoscopy.

We studied the detailed surface structure and changes in the regenerated mucosa during the course of healing of recurrent gastric ulcers treated with lansoprazole or famotidine, using a magnifying electronic endoscope (videoendoscope) and a dye contrast method. The detailed patterns of regenerated mucosa were classified into five types: membranous, spindle-shaped, palisade-shaped, cobblestone-shaped, and almost normal structure. Initially, the membranous regenerated mucosa appears at the ulcer margin and grows into the spindle- and palisade-shaped regenerated mucosa. These latter types of mucosa change gradually into the cobblestone-shaped type, which finally develops into an almost normal structure. Lansoprazole appeared to bring about more rapid growth and changes of the regenerated mucosa than famotidine, although the difference was not statistically significant. We suggest that it is useful, in the assessment of gastric ulcer therapy, to observe the detailed patterns of the regenerated mucosa during the healing process using a magnifying electronic endoscope.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1995

Effects of lansoprazole on mucosal regeneration in patients with gastric ulcers: evaluation using an electronic endoscope with a magnifying function.

When healing of gastric ulcers is observed using an electronic endoscope with a magnifying function, five types of regenerated mucosa can be distinguished. The membranous type appears first at the ulcer margin and is followed by the spindle-shaped and palisade-shaped regenerated mucosae that plays an important role in ulcer healing. These two types change into the cobblestone-shaped and the basically normal structure, which have an important relation to the maturity of ulcer healing. In observation of gastric ulcer healing in 10 patients who received lansoprazole 30 mg (L group) or in 12 patients who received famotidine 20 mg b.i.d. (F group), the spindle- and palisade-shaped mucosae were significantly more developed in the L group than in the F group after 4 weeks (p < 0.05). On the other hand, after 8 weeks, the development of these two types of mucosa was less extensive in the L group than in the F group, because these two types had changed into cobblestone-shaped and basically normal structure in the L group. In conclusion, treatment with lansoprazole resulted in more rapid ulcer healing and maturation of regenerated mucosa than did treatment with famotidine in this study.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1995

Paget sarcoma of the cervical vertebrae: an autopsy case report and review of the literature.

A 69 year old Japanese woman was hospitalized for emergency treatment of sudden onset of tetraplegia and somnolence. The patient had a long history of occipital pain without definite diagnosis. After admission, the patient progressively developed generalized palsy including respiratory paralysis, and died of bronchopneumonia. Autopsy revealed osteosarcoma of the cervical vertebrae with the features of Paget's disease involving the skull and the cervical vertebrae. Paget sarcoma is rare in Japan, where Paget's disease of the bone is an uncommon condition. A review of the world literature failed to reveal any reports describing Paget sarcoma of the cervical vertebrae. The present report indicates that the development of Paget sarcoma in the upper cervical vertebrae may cause life-threatening neurologic complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Characteristics of multimodal co-aggregation between Fusobacterium nucleatum and streptococci.

The co-aggregation characteristics between Fusobacterium nucleatum and streptococci were examined to clarify the adherence factors participating in the co-aggregation. Nineteen strains of F. nucleatum were classified into 8 groups according to co-aggregation titer and inhibition by L-arginine, L-lysine and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (or lactose). The inhibition activity was, however, very different from strain to strain. With two fusobacterial strains, two inhibitors, which were both inhibition negative on their own, completely inhibited the co-aggregation when used together in a mixture. In some co-aggregation pairs, the protease treatment of F. nucleatum inactivated one of the adherence factors, and resulted in the change of inhibition characteristics. These results indicate the multimodal co-aggregation of F. nucleatum with streptococci mediated by L-arginine-sensitive, L-lysine-sensitive, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-sensitive and in some resistant factors, and that the adherence factor or factors participating the co-aggregation change according to the co-aggregation partners.

Acetylgalactosamine↗
PubMed1995

Selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activities in blood in an andean high-altitude population.

Selenium (Se) levels in blood (whole blood, erythrocytes and serum) and blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were investigated in people living at high altitude in Bolivia (4,000 m above sea level). These parameters were compared to those of people living at low altitude (300 m above sea level). The Se levels in whole blood of the high-altitude subjects did not differ significantly from those of the low-altitude subjects. However, the Se levels in erythrocytes were significantly lower in the high-altitude subjects than in the low-altitude subjects, whereas serum Se levels were higher in the high-altitude subjects than in the low-altitude subjects. GSH-Px activity (Unit/g Hb) was significantly lower in the high-altitude subjects than in the low-altitude subjects. The mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), an indicator of the age of erythrocytes, in the high-altitude subjects was significantly higher than in the low-altitude subjects. These results show that the GSH-Px activity in the blood of the high-altitude subjects is relatively low. This may be due to their aged erythrocytes and/or to relatively low Se intake in the high-altitude population compared with low-altitude population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[A case of tuberculosis in which hemoptysis was caused by bleeding from intercostal arteries].

A 60-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of persistent hemoptysis. Chest roentgenogram and computed tomogram revealed that the right hemithorax was almost completely occupied by solid material with scattered calcifications. Mycobacteria were detected in the sputum culture. Administration of antituberculosis agents began after admission. Four months after admission, massive hemoptysis occurred. Topical treatment via fiberoptic bronchoscopy resulted in no improvement. Surgical resection of the right lung would probably have been difficult because of the almost complete collapse of the right lung and the extensive calcifications within the right hemithorax. Angiographic examination revealed extravasation of contrast medium from the right 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, and 12th intercostal arteries. After transcatheter embolization of each of these intercostal arteries, hemoptysis stopped. It is unclear how bleeding from intercostal arteries caused massive hemoptysis, but the bleeding may have caused a right hemothorax that drained into an airway.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1995

A simplified judgment system for medical informatics.

This report describes a new simplified judgment system which enables users to register appropriate judgment rules with ease and to apply them to a wide variety of medical problems. The rule utilized in this system is 3-AND-3-OR, quite a simple one. By applying this judgment rule to the data of as many as 60 items, judgment results of the individual on each item is given by four different grades or categories, namely: 1) normal, 2) borderline, 3) abnormal, and 4) severe. As many as 20 types can be obtained simultaneously. The simplicity of the algorithm allows medical users who are not the experts in computer technology to use this system on a DOS-based personal computer.

Algorithms↗