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Biomedical subjects

T Takayanagi

Publications and source records attributed to T Takayanagi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The fluctuation of serum myoglobin levels in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the carrier.

The diurnal changes of serum myoglobin level and CK activity were investigated in 20 cases of Duchenne dystrophy and 6 normal males under ordinary circumstances in their daily lives. Changes of myoglobin levels were also checked in 25 cases of Duchenne carrier and 11 control females with muscular exercise by ergometer of 70 W for 3 min. In Duchenne dystrophy, the myoglobin level was rather low before waking up, then it abruptly increased thereafter and remained high until retiring. The fluctuation range of myoglobin was greater than that of CK. The myoglobin level of control males was extremely low compared with that in Duchenne dystrophy. In Duchenne carriers, although CK activity did not significantly change after the exercise, 5 of 11 known carriers showed an increased myoglobin level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Genetic linkage study of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and hemophilia A.

We studied a family in which three boys had both Duchenne muscular dystrophy and hemophilia A. Seven other males had only hemophilia A. Genetic linkage study showed a maximum likelihood estimate of recombination frequency of these two X-linked recessive traits of 0.16 with 95% confidence limits of 0.045 and 0.50. The loci of the two diseases may be closer than previous estimates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effects of thyrotropin releasing hormone on cerebellar mutant mice--a kinesiological comparison between rolling mouse Nagoya, weaver and reeler.

Rolling Mouse Nagoya (RMN), weaver and reeler mice were examined for the clinical effectiveness of drugs (thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), reserpine, L-dopa) that are reported to facilitate or alter the metabolic system of noradrenaline (NA). Behavioral changes and ataxic gait were recorded by 16 mm cinefilms and EMG of the thigh extensor muscles. In addition, latencies in the reflex discharge of the muscle by tilting load were measured before and after the intraperitoneal injection of each drug and compared to those of normal littermates. TRH injection increased spontaneous behavioral activity in RMN and weaver, and shortened the latency of the reflex discharge by tilting load in RMN. Reserpine injection did not increase behavioral activity, but was accompanied by a slight shortening of latencies in the reflex discharge by tilting load only in RMN. L-dopa did not affect behavioral and EMG activities of these cerebellar mutant mice. No remarkable deficit has yet been in any selective intracortical neurons in RMN and no other characteristic abnormality in central and peripheral nervous, skeleton and muscular systems. It was, therefore, suspected that there was a possibility of metabolic disorders of NA in the cerebellum not only in RMN, but also in patients with certain spinocerebellar degenerations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Spinal and cranial motor nerve roots in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and X-linked recessive bulbospinal muscular atrophy: morphometric and teased-fiber study.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and adult onset X-linked recessive bulbospinal muscular atrophy (SPMA), constituting the category of adult onset form of motor neuron disease, were analyzed on motor nerve roots. The results of morphometric analysis on ventral spinal roots (VSR) of all spinal segments from ALS and SPMA revealed the following three findings: (1) the large-myelinated alpha-motoneuron fibers were markedly decreased in number throughout all segments; (2) thin-myelinated autonomic preganglionic fibers were almost completely preserved; (3) small-intermediate-myelinated fibers which are considered to correspond to gamma-motoneuron fibers were generally well preserved in ALS, but decreased by one-half to one-third in SPMA. However, all the components of the nerve roots of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerves were completely preserved in both ALS and SPMA. Moreover, the teased-fiber study showed that the regenerating-sprouting process rarely occurred in the VSR of ALS and SPMA. The present study suggested that the site of the primary lesion seems to be in the alpha-motoneuron fibers in motor neuron diseases, such as ALS or SPMA. However, the marked discrepancy in the pathologic change in the alpha-motoneuron fibers in the VSR and the nerve roots innervating the external ocular muscles was noteworthy.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1981

Experimental ethambutol neuropathy in rats. Morphometric and teased-fiber studies.

Eight rats were given 500 mg/kg body weight of the antituberculous drug ethambutol orally every day for 3 months (group A), and 7 took 150 mg/kg of the drug for 9 months (group B). The sciatic nerves at midthigh level and the posterior tibial nerves at ankle level were studied with morphometric examination and teased-fiber method. The number of myelinated fiber/mm(2) of fascicular area was significantly reduced in both sciatic and posterior tibial nerves of group B. The pattern of frequency distribution of myelinated nerve fiber diameters of both groups was not different from that of the controls. Teased-fiber study revealed that many fibers were undergoing axonal degeneration in both groups A and B. In addition, regenerating fibers after axonal degeneration were observed in group B. These results showed that the predominant pathologic change in ethambutol neuropathy was axonal degeneration and that regeneration was already occurring in the animals taking a small dose of the drug for a long period. The fact that the degree of pathologic change was rather more severe in the sciatic nerve than in the posterior tibial nerve indicated that this was not a "dying-back" neuropathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Pathology of myelinated fibers in cervical and lumbar ventral spinal roots in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Pathological alterations were evaluated by morphometry and by a teased-fiber study on the 6th cervical (C6) and the 4th lumbar (L4) ventral spinal roots of cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The large-diameter fibers were severely affected in both spinal segments. However, small-diameter myelinated fibers were numerically well preserved. The number of large fibers in C6 and L4 ventral roots was strongly correlated to the strength of muscles innervated by C6 or L4 segments. There was no correlation of the number of small fibers with muscle strength. Teased fiber studies revealed a marked increase in the incidence of fibers showing axonal degeneration. Fibers considered to be regenerative were rarely observed. These observations suggest that large myelinated fibers, which correspond to alpha-motoneuron fibers, are selectively affected, and that small myelinated fibers, which are considered to correspond to gamma-motoneuron fibers, are preserved to some extent in the C6 and L4 ventral spinal roots in ALS.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗