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Biomedical subjects

T Takashima

Publications and source records attributed to T Takashima.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Detection of an i(17q) chromosome by fluorescent in situ hybridization with a chromosome 17 alpha satellite DNA probe.

An isochromosome for the long arm of chromosome 17,i(17q), is frequently found as an additional chromosome aberration to the Ph with advanced disease in the chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). We studied an i(17q) in blood samples from two patients with CML in blast crisis with a biotinylated chromosome 17 specific alpha satellite deoxyribonucleic acid probe. G-banded karyotypes of these patients showed a dicentric i(17q), dic(17)(p11.2). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) delineated one normal chromosome 17 and one i(17q) among metaphase chromosomes; the latter showed a dicentric pattern. In most interphase nuclei of both patients, two fluorescence spots were observed. In some interphase nuclei, including mature neutrophils, the dicentric chromosome was discernible by its size and shape of the fluorescent spots. Three fluorescent spots were observed in a small proportion of interphase cells, and existence of a subclone with two normal chromosome 17 and an i(17q) was confirmed by examining a large number of metaphase plates. The results of FISH provided us with information of numerical and structural aberrations of chromosome 17 in interphase cells.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1992

Changes in pupillary diameter in relation to eye-movement and no-eye-movement periods in the human fetus at term.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to reveal whether pupils dilate and constrict in a time sequence in the human fetus and to assess the relationship between changes in pupillary diameter and eye-movement-no-eye-movement periods. STUDY DESIGN: We simultaneously observed pupil and eye movement with real-time ultrasonography in 30 human fetuses at 36 to 41 weeks' gestation. Eighteen were excluded because of data loss. Statistical analysis of pupillary diameter changes were made on the remaining 12 fetuses with the least median of squares regression. RESULTS: Pupillary diameters were found to be differentiated with statistical significance into two groups: 9.7% for the dilated pupil (median 3.0 mm) and 90.3% for the constricted pupil (1.7 mm). The percentage of dilated pupils during the eye-movement period (14.3%) was significantly greater than that during the no-eye-movement period (2.3%; Wilcoxon rank sum test, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate a close relation between pupillary dilatation and eye-movement periods in the human term fetus.

Eye Movements↗
PubMed1992

Gadolinium-DTPA enhancement of dural structures on MRI after surgery.

Gadolinium-DTPA enhanced MRI was examined before and after surgery in 14 patients with particular attention to the enhancement of falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli and dura mater. A marked enhancement was observed in 2 falx and 2 tentorium before surgery, whereas it was observed in 7 falx, 9 tentorium and 11 dura after surgery. Among 6 falx, 7 tentorium and 12 dura showing increased enhancement after surgery, 2 falx, 3 tentorium and 8 dura showed marked enhancement which was not observed before surgery. A small amount of subdural haemorrhage during surgery is known to heal as subdural neomembrane with capillaries. An increased enhancement of dural structures conceivably derives from the extravasation of Gd-DTPA through capillaries involved in the subdural neomembrane. In the postoperative MRI, the enhancement of dural structures should be taken into consideration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Differentiation of hepatocellular carcinomas from hyperplastic nodules induced in rat liver with ferrite-enhanced MR imaging.

The potential of superparamagnetic ferrite particles in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to help differentiate between hyperplastic nodular lesions in the liver and hepatocellular carcinomas was evaluated with chemically induced liver tumors in cirrhotic rats. Ferrite particles decreased the signal intensity of hyperplastic nodules but not that of hepatocellular carcinomas, and stainable iron was found in the former but not in the latter with Prussian blue iron stain. T1-weighted spin-echo images made little contribution to the differentiation between these two lesions, while T2-weighted spin-echo images were effective for this purpose, since ferrite particles cause T2 shortening. Ferrite-enhanced MR imaging may be useful in differentiating these two lesion types according to their signal intensity changes on images, because Kupffer cells are present in hyperplastic nodular lesions but rarely in hepatocellular carcinomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation of MR imaging and histopathologic findings.

Seventy-two histologically proved nodular hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 1.5 T. Capsules were present in 56 of the 72 tumors. Thirty-seven capsules were depicted on T1-weighted spin-echo MR images, and 16 were depicted on T2-weighted MR images. Visualization was dependent on thickness and structure of the capsules. Of the 72 tumors, 36 had a mosaic pattern. A mosaic pattern was visualized in 12 of the 36 tumors on T1-weighted images and in 27 of the 36 tumors on T2-weighted images. Six tumors were determined to be histologic grade 1, and all were hyperintense on T1-weighted images, regardless of whether intracellular fat deposits were present. Four of the six grade 1 tumors were isointense on T2-weighted images. In contrast, grades 2 and 3 tumors had various signal intensities on T1-weighted images and most were hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Twenty-one of 32 tumors (66%) with focal areas of increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images had intratumoral dilated sinusoids at histologic examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Prenatal diagnosis and obstetrical management of May-Hegglin anomaly: a case report.

A case of May-Hegglin anomaly, a rare autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia, is reported. This disorder is characterized by giant platelets, basophilic inclusion bodies within the cytoplasm of granulocytes and an occasional bleeding tendency. This bleeding tendency depends on the platelet count. The fetuses of such patients run the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in utero and during the early neonatal period following vaginal delivery. Prenatal diagnosis of this disorder has not yet been reported. We describe a case of this disorder, diagnosed in pregnancy, which, following prenatal diagnosis of mild thrombocytopenia in the fetus and confirmation by cordocentesis, could successfully undergo a vaginal delivery.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1992

Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the lung.

A case with primary plasmacytoma of the lung is described. The patient, a 55-year-old Japanese female, who simultaneously had a pulmonary plasmacytoma and bladder carcinoma. The bladder tumor was treated with transurethral resection. Pathologically, the bladder tumor was a non-invasive, papillary transitional cell carcinoma, grade II. The lung tumor was located in the right upper lobe and upper lobectomy was performed. The tumor measured 2.8 x 2.7 x 2.0 cm and had a white-yellowish cut surface. Histologic, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical examinations of the lung tumor revealed monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells (IgA, lambda light chain). There was no evidence of multiple myeloma.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Seven patients with plasma cell granuloma (inflammatory pseudotumor) of the lung, including two with intrabronchial growth: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

Seven patients (mean age, 50.7 +/- 20.4 years; range 21-77) with plasma cell granuloma (PCG) of the lung are reported. Cough and sputum were the most common presenting symptoms, followed by fever. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum C-reactive protein levels were found in all patients tested. Radiologically, five cases presented as solitary, well-circumscribed masses and two as ill-defined, pneumonia-like densities. One showed focal calcification. No predilection of occurrence was observed in either lobe of the lung. Histologically, the lesions consisted of a proliferation of mature plasma cells and reticulo-endothelial cells supported by a stroma of granulation tissue, with varying degrees of myxoid change or collagenization. Angioinvasion within the lesion was observed in 4 of the 7 cases. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the IgG-predominant polyclonal nature of the plasma cells, indicating a reactive inflammatory process rather than a neoplastic one. Electron microscopy confirmed the benign nature of the plasma cells with fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation admixed with that of other inflammatory cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of school dental health activities in Hiraizumi primary school, Iwate prefecture].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health activities in Hiraizumi primary school, Iwate prefecture. As a result of intensive dental health activities from 1978 to 1990, which consisted of tooth brushing instruction by class, dental education for the schoolchildren and their guardians, utilization of fluoride mouth rinsing (once a week), and, by following a model school of caries prevention designated by the Ministry of Education et al., the oral health status of the Hiraizumi primary schoolchildren improved significantly compared with those of the Ohya primary schoolchildren who followed the routine school dental health activities. The results of questionnaires, taken from both primary schoolchildren in 1986 and 1989, show that the oral health behavior of the Hiraizumi primary schoolchildren also improved.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical significance of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF) in the chemotherapy of patients with malignant lymphoma].

We examined the effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF) on neutropenia induced by chemotherapy in 10 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The numbers of peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitors were also evaluated before and after administration of rG-CSF. Six patients received an administration of 2 micrograms/kg/body weight of rG-CSF subcutaneously for 14 days after 2nd chemotherapy. Four patients received intravenous infusion of rG-CSF (300 micrograms/body/day) for 4 days from nadir state after chemotherapy. Administration of rG-CSF from the termination of chemotherapy, markedly shortend the period of bone marrow hypoplasia induced by chemotherapy. On the other hand, administration of rhG-CSF from nadir state after chemotherapy have accelerated the recovery of neutrophil counts. In addition, this type of therapy induced 26 to 60 folds increase of peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitors. These results demonstrate the validity of administration of rhG-CSF not only in the chemotherapy of NHL, but also in peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Retinoic acid receptor alpha gene in t (15; 17) APL].

A t(15; 17) (q22; q21) translocation is identified in most patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). This translocation constructs fusion genes between retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) at 17q21 and PML at 15q22. These rearrangements can be detected in the majority of patients with APL but not in other types of leukemias, by Southern blotting. Breakpoints cluster in limited regions of RARA and PML, and PML/RARA and RARA/PML transcripts can also be detected by RT-PCR. Although PML/RARA and RARA/PML fusion products are transcribed in APL, PML/RARA may play an important role in the etiology of APL. Clinically, most APL patients achieve remission by oral administration of high dose all-trans retinoic acid.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Alterations of the p53 gene in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia including chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute leukemia.

We analyzed the structural alteration of the p53 gene, by Southern blotting with conventional and/or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia (chronic myelogenous leukemia; CML, 34 cases and acute leukemia; AL, 5 cases). We found an alteration of the p53 gene in one of 5 AL patients. Loss of heterozygosity was detected in two CML patients with i(17q) chromosome, but we could find no other alterations in the remaining CML patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical evaluation of ceftazidime monotherapy for infections complicated with hematological disorders].

Fifty patients with infections associated with hematological disorders were treated with ceftazidime (CAZ). Among them 44 cases were evaluable, including 21 with acute leukemia, 17 with malignant lymphoma, and 6 with other hematological disorders. Excellent responses were observed in 15 patients (34.1%) and good responses in 15 (34.1%), with an overall efficacy rate of 68.2%. The efficacy rate among sepsis and suspected sepsis cases was 67.6%. This treatment was also effective in 7 of 10 cases in which neutrophil counts were less than 500/mm3 through the course of administration. Laboratory abnormalities included mild eosinophilia in 1 case, slight elevation of GOT in 1 case and slight elevation of GPT in 1 case. These results suggest that CAZ is an effective and safe antibiotics for the treatment of infections in patients with hematological disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Normal bronchi on high resolution CT].

The delineation of normal bronchi was evaluated by high resolution CT. Under the usual conditions for lung survey, with window width of 1500, window level -650, and slice thickness 10 mm, using high spatial frequency algorithm, the subsegmental bronchi were delineated in 77% of total branches. Sub-subsegmental bronchi were delineated in 8% of branches. Under thin slice high resolution CT, with slice thickness of 1.5 mm and slice interval 10 mm, subsegmental bronchi were delineated in 89% of branches, and sub-subsegmental bronchi were delineated in 35% of branches. In two of the cases in which almost the whole lungs were studied on continuous slice images with thin slice high resolution CT, sub-sub-subsegmental bronchi could be easily delineated, except in for the lingular segment. High resolution CT is very useful for the interpretation of normal pulmonary structures and for diagnosis of bronchial lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Tumor rejection antigens on BALB3T3 cells transformed by activated oncogenes.

The clonal expression of tumor rejection Ag (TRA) was analyzed on nine different clones derived from parental BALB3T3 cells that were transfected with activated H-ras, polyoma middle T (PyMT), c-myc, and v-src oncogenes. It was shown that Bras-h clone, which is an activated H-ras oncogene-induced transformant, expressed TRA as assessed in the transplantation study using syngeneic BALB/c mice. This TRA was not detected on parental BALB3T3 nontransformed cells, suggesting that TRA could be expressed in the BALB3T3 cell transformation. Furthermore, the cross-protection experiments indicated that this TRA was also conferred on other BALB3T3 transformants with high anchorage-independent growth potential such as an activated H-ras transformant Bras-d, and PyMT transformants BMT-f, BnMT-11, BnMT-20, except in the case of one H-ras transformant Bnr-12. In contrast, this TRA was not expressed on the transfectants with little or no anchorage independent growth potential such as a PyMT transfectant BnMT-4, a c-myc transfectant Bmyc-7, and a v-src transfectant Bsrc-7. We developed the mAb BRH19 that could react with TRA+ clones but not with TRA- clones. This mAb makes an immunoprecipitate, which is composed of a 50-kDa single polypeptide chain from Bras-h cell lysate. An injection to mice with this antigen could confer the protection against Bras-h challenge. These data indicate that the 50-kDa putative TRA molecule could be expressed in close association with the cell transformation, irrespective of the introduced oncogenes, and there may exist some regulatory mechanisms rather than individually distinct manners for the expression of TRA.

3T3 Cells↗