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Biomedical subjects

T Takagi

Publications and source records attributed to T Takagi.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Assessment study on the use of the low angle laser light scattering technique for the estimation of molecular weight of the polypeptide forming a complex with sodium dodecyl sulfate.

Molecular weights of the protein moieties of several complexes formed between sodium dodecyl sulfate and protein polypeptides of known molecular weights could be correctly estimated by the low angle laser light scattering technique (Kaye, W., Havlik, A.J. and MacDaniel, J.B. (1971) Polymer Lett. 9, 695-699). Since the surfactant can solubilize membrane proteins indiscriminately, the technique seems to be promising for the unique determination of molecular weights of membrane proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Solubilization of oil-soluble dyes by sodium dodecyl sulfate-protein polypeptide complexes with reference to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate binds to the linear polypeptide derived from a protein to form micelle-like clusters (Takagi, T., Tsujii, K. and Shirahama, K. (1975) J. Biochem. 78, 939--947) which are expected to solubilize lipophilic materials. Such clusters were found to afford the complexes strong solubilizing power against oil-soluble dyes, comparable or slightly superior to SDS micelles, by conventional solubilizing technique (equilibration with solid dye) and by gel chromatography technique first applied to measure solubilization by such complexes. Solubilization behavior of the bound SDS was insensitive to the kind of protein polypeptide, in contrast to the variety found in the pioneering similar study on the complexes between SDS and initially native proteins (Steinhardt, J., Stocker, N., Carroll, D. and Birdi, K.S. (1977) Biochemistry 16, 718--725). The knowledge of the solubilizing power of SDS-protein polypeptide complexes seems to be valuable in design of experiments and interpretation of results obtained in application of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to samples containing lipophilic materials.

Colloids↗
PubMed1980

Cytological differentiation of the interrenal tissue of the Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix.

As reported for several other avian species there are clearly distinguishable subcapsular (SCZ) and inner (IZ) zones of interrenal tissue in the Japanese quail. The SCZ contains large columnar cells (type I) with rounded nuclei, polymorphic mitochondria with shelf-like cristae, and relatively small numbers of lipid droplets. The IZ contains two and possibly three types of cells. Type II consists of large columnar cells with moderately dense cytoplasm containing large numbers of lipid droplets and many rounded mitochondria with tubular cristae. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and Golgi apparatus are well developed; coated vesicles occur in Golgi area and at the cell surface. Type-III cells occur in IZ and especially in its more peripheral areas. They are columnar cells with strikingly clear cytoplasm (in comparison with type II) containing mitochondria with plate-like cristae and tubular SER. Type-IV cells are sparsely distributed in IZ and occur rarely in SCZ. Type IV may be a degenerating phase of type III. After adenohypophysectomy or section of portal vessels type-I cells atrophy somewhat with a decrease in lipid droplets; type-II cells, also atrophy with conspicuous increase in size and number of lipid droplets, enlargement of mitochondria, and gradual disappearance of Ser; type-III cells decrease in number whereas type-IV cells increase. After injection of ACTH, type-I cells enlarge and their mitochondria, SER and Golgi apparatus become more conspicuous; there is a decrease in lipid droplets in type-II cells and a development of SER, polysomes and Golgi apparatus; there is also a decrease in lipid droplets and a development of SER in type-III cells after injection of 2 IU ACTH and an almost complete disappearance of lipid droplets after 4 IU ACTH; type-IV cells increase in number.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1980

An electrocardiographic--pathologic correlative study on left axis deviation in hypertensive hearts.

We performed an electrocardiographic-pathologic correlative study using the step sectioning method in 35 autopsy specimens from patients with hypertension. Eleven out of 12 cases (91.7%) in Group 1 had severe lesions at LBBa or the His bundle and we propose that LAD in excess of -30 degrees is a good criterion in hypertension for LAH. There were six cases in all with severe lesions at both radiations of the LBB. In one case of Group 1, LAD is suggested to be due to slower conduction at the LBBa than at the LBBp and findings in five cases of Groups 2 and 3 led us to speculate that there was no LAD because of cancellation between the LBBa and the LBBp. Histopathology revealed fibrosis, degeneration, bleeding, and calcification which pathogenetically may derive from mechanical strain effected by hypertension, and metabolic changes in cases with chronic renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Significance of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase as a marker of alcoholism.

To study the effect of chronic ethanol administration on the activity of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) in various tissues, female rats were pair-fed liquid diets with 36% of total calories either as ethanol or as isocaloric carbohydrate (controls). Six weeks of ethanol feeding resulted in a significant increase of cytochrome P450 content. Hepatic microsomal GGTP activity was almost doubled after ethanol feeding whether expressed per g of liver or per mg of microsomal protein. Furthermore, intestinal GGTP activity was significantly enhanced after ethanol, whereas there was no change in the enzyme activity in either kidney or pancreas. There was a concomitant elevation of plasma GGTP activity. Phenobarbital administration to rats resulted in an enhancement of GGTP activity in the liver whether given orally or intraperitoneally. In addition, intestinal GGTP activity after oral phenobarbital was also significantly increased, although its activity after intraperitoneal administration was not enhanced. These results suggest that enhanced hepatic and intestinal GGTP activities may contribute, at least in part, to an increased level of serum GGTP frequently seen in chronic alcoholics.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1980

Tachypleus tridentatus hemocyanin. Separation and characterization of monomer subunits and studies on sulfhydryl groups.

Hemocyanin monomers were isolated from Tachypleus tridentatus hemolymph by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The isolated monomers were separated into four fractions by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography; they comprised 6 different subunits, designated as alpha-zeta chains. All of them showed the same molecular weight, 70,000, on SDS-gel electrophoresis. The zeta chain was eluted ahead of the other subunits during gel chromatography. It tended to dimerize during prolonged dialysis or purification procedures. The alpha and zeta chains were isolated in pure form. The gamma and delta chains, and also the beta and epsilon chains, were obtained as mixtures but were not separated from each other. All the subunits showed different antigenicities. The amino-terminal portions of the alpha through epsilon chains have the same sequence, Thr-Ile . Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Gln. The zeta chain has a different amino-terminal sequence, Val-Leu-Asp-X-Ile/Leu-Glu-Lys. The zeta chain contained only 1 mol of Cu/mol of protein, whereas the other chains contained 2 mol of Cu/mol of protein. No free sulfhydryl group was detected in th absence of guanidine. However, 3 mol of SH/mol of protein was detected immediately after the addition of 6 M guanidine-HCl. These SH groups were very unstable and disappeared on standing.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

[Effects of a new bronchodilator, (alpha RS)-3-formamido-4-hydroxy-alpha-[[[(alpha RS)-p-methoxy-alpha-methylphenethyl] amino] methyl] benzyl alcohol fumarate dihydrate (BD 40A) on gastric acid secretion and gastrointestinal motility (author's transl)].

Effects of a new beta 2-adrenoceptive agonist, BD 40A on gastric acid secretion and gastrointestinal motility were studied in comparison with those of isoproterenol, hexoprenaline and cimetidine. BD 40A (0.3 and 1 microgram/kg i.v.) inhibited dose-dependently gastric acid secretion produced by continuous i.v. infusion of tetragastrin (8 microgram/kg-hr), whereas acid secretion in response to histamine infusion (160 microgram/kg-hr) was resistant to the inhibitory action of BD 40A in pentobarbital anesthetized dogs with gastric pouches. Cimetidine (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) blocked acid secretion induced by either tetragastrin or histamine. When intraduodenally administered to pylorus-ligated rats in a dose of 1 mg/kg, BD 40A and hexoprenaline produced a reduction in acid output. Both drugs (1 microgram/kg i.v.) decreased the amplitude of gastric, duodenal and ileal motility measured by the balloon method in anesthetized dogs. The inhibitory effects of BD 40A on acid secretion induced by tetragastrin and on spontaneous motility of the gastrointestinal tract were antagonized by 1 mg/kg of propranolol. These pharmacological properties of BD 40A were qualitatively similar to those of isoproterenol and may be ascribable to the activation of beta-adrenergic receptors in the gastrointestinal tissue.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1980

[The autoradiographic studies on the distribution of 14C-labelled sodium 7-[D(-)-alpha-(4-ethyl-2, 3-dioxo-1-piperazinecarboxamido)-alpha-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acetamido]-3-[(1-methyl -1 H-tetrazol-5-yl) thiomethyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (14C-cefoperazone) in rats and mice].

The distribution of cefoperazone (CPZ), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied by macroautoradiography following a single intravenous or subcutaneous administration of 100 mg/kg 14C-CPZ to rats, mice, pregnant mice and experimental pyelonephritic mice. (1) In whole body autoradiograms of rats administered subcutaneously and mice administered subcutaneously and intravenously, their distribution patterns of the radioactivity were found to be similar to each case. The radioactivity was distributed at high concentration in liver, kidney, lung, tongue, salivary gland, skin, gastrointestinal tracts and retina. The radioactivity was rapidly excreted in urine and bile. And it was observed that the radioactivity excreted through bile was not reabsorbed from gastrointestinal tracts. (2) In pregnant mice administered intravenously, the radioactivity was observed the same level as whole blood level in placenta, while was hardly observed in fetuses. (3) In the experimental pyelonephritic mice administered intravenously, a considerable radioactivity was concentrated on the acute inflammatory area.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Serum hCG, hPL and progesterone levels in threatened abortions (author's transl)].

Serum hCG, hPL and progesterone levels in women with early pregnancies were measured with radioimmunoassay, simultaneously diagnosed whether the fetus was viable or nonviable by real-time ultrasonography. According to the ultrasonographic diagnosis, combined with subjective or objective signs of abortion, patients were divided into three groups-normal pregnancies, threatened abortions and missed abortions. There was no significant difference between serum hCG levels in women with normal pregnancies and those in women with threatened abortions. Whereas, significant difference was observed about serum progesterone and hPL levels between those two groups, at 12 approximately 13 weeks of pregnancy. Abnormally low serum hCG, hPL and progesterone levels were observed in women with missed abortions. In 8 out of 11 cases of patients with missed abortions, serum hCG or hPL levels have been rising after the fetal death had been identified. Above results suggest that impairment of translocation of production site of progesterone could be a cause of clinical manifestations in threatened abortions, and that the synthesis and secretion of two protein hormones are still taking place in trophoblasts after the fetal death occurred.

Abortion, Threatened↗