Biomedical subjects

T Tajima

Publications and source records attributed to T Tajima.

588 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma (GRCC) is a rare variant of breast carcinoma that was first described by Hull et al in 1981. The histologic findings have been described; however, the cytologic characteristics have not been well described. CASE: A 44-year-old female exhibited a palpable mass in her right breast. The fine needle aspirate contained cell clusters in a necrotic background. In addition to carcinoma cells with increased degrees of nuclear atypia, carcinoma cells with less atypia were identified. The tumor cells contained small round or ovoid nuclei and abundant, clear cytoplasm. The tumor, resected by modified radical mastectomy, was diagnosed as GRCC with detection of glycogen accumulation in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSION: Although rare, glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of breast cancer in fine needle aspiration cytology to prevent misdiagnosis because of its varied morphologic patterns and less atypical cytologic features.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Copper deficiency in an infant on prolonged total parenteral nutrition.

An infant with the megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome, required total parenteral nutrition due to ineffective gastrointestinal function, and developed copper deficiency after a prolonged course in total parenteral nutrition in conjunction with a chronic draining jejunostomy. She responded promptly to copper supplementation.

Calcinosis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Complication of parenteral nutrition composed of essential amino acids and histidine in adults with renal failure.

This is a case report on six patients with hyperammonemia that developed while they were receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) as a component of renal failure therapy. Clinically, the hyperammonemia presented as mental status changes in all six cases. Four of the six patients with renal failure initially received 400 mL Amiyu in 1400 mL 17% glucose (total = 1800 mL TPN-A) administered over each 24-hour period. Two patients had been placed on 400 mL complete amino acid in 1400 mL 17% glucose (total = 1800 mL TPN-C over each 24-hour period) prior to therapy with TPN-A. Approximately 3 weeks after initiation of TPN therapy with TPN-A, episodes of mental status changes of increasing duration and paroxysms were documented in five of the six patients. In one of the patients receiving TPN-C prior to TPN-A therapy, toxicity was clinically evident only 4 days after initiation of TPN-A. Serum ammonia levels were obtained and found to be elevated in the acute (ie, presenting) stage in all patients. With the discontinuance of TPN-A, ammonia levels normalized uniformly. Mental status also improved in all cases except for the patient with rapid clinical presentation who died 2 weeks after first evidence of clinical toxicity. In cases 1, 2, and 6, serum amino acid analysis in the acute phase showed reduced levels of ornithine and citrulline, the substrate and product, respectively, of condensation with carbamyl phosphate at its entry into the urea cycle. Moreover, levels of arginine, precursor to ornithine, were found to be elevated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A new mechanism of serum creatine phosphokinase elevation in strangulated small bowel obstruction: an experimental rat model.

An experimental rat model was used to investigate the mechanisms of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation in strangulated small bowel obstruction. Two models were used: a strangulated ileus model with the bowel lumen and blood flow obstructed simultaneously, and a control ileus model with only the bowel lumen occluded. The experiments demonstrated that CPK was released into the blood when the mesenteric blood flow was restored, and that CPK was released into the intestinal lumen in the strangulated ileus model but not the control ileus model. CPK activity in the mucosal layer of the strangulated ileus model was significantly decreased compared with that in the control ileus model. Purified CPK injected into the intestinal lumen was absorbed by the healthy intestine. These results suggest a new mechanism of serum CPK elevation in strangulated small bowel obstruction in which serum CPK is elevated with a significant decrease in mucosal CPK. Strangulated bowel content including mucosal CPK may be reabsorbed by the healthy distal intestine when bowel obstruction is incomplete.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma invaded to the submucosal and proper muscle layer.

The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 was examined immunohistochemically in a total of 87 colorectal cancer patients. The expression of MMP-2 was in cancer cells: 76.5% (sm), 16.7% (pm), in cancer interstitial region: 92.2% (sm), 58.3% (pm), in transitional mucosal cells: 74.3% (sm), 17.1% (pm) and in transitional mucosal interstitial region: 80.0% (sm), 31.4% (pm). The expression of TIMP-2 was in cancer cells: 41.2% (sm), 16.7% (pm), in cancer interstitial region: 82.4% (sm), 69.4% (pm), in transitional mucosal cells: 57.1% (sm), 22.9% (pm) and in transitional mucosal interstitial region: 89.3% (sm), 57.1% (pm). These results suggest that the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 is induced in the sm cancer stage and is closely related to interactions in the cancer interstitial region for invasion and metastasis in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma: correlation with liver metastasis.

The expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 was examined immunohistochemically in a total of 36 colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis at the time of surgery, and the serum MMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels were also measured in a total of 58 colorectal cancer patients with/without liver metastasis following primary colorectal surgical resection for serological comparison. Although MMP-2 exhibited a significant expression immunohistochemically in the primary colorectal cancer (p<0.05) and TIMP-2 in the synchronous liver metastasis (p<0.01), there was no relationship between the absence/presence of liver metastasis and serum MMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels, respectively. These results suggest that it can be considered difficult to use serum MMP-2 and TIMP-2 levels to predict the status of liver metastasis following primary resection in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

c-erbB-2 protein expression and clinicopathologic features in colorectal cancer.

Previous reports showed that breast and gastric cancers overexpressing c-erbB-2 protein have a greater metastatic potential and worse prognosis than tumors in which this protein is not overexpressed. The present study was undertaken to examine the significance of c-erbB-2 protein expression as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. Protein expression was examined immunohistologically in colorectal cancer tissue from 149 patients without distant metastasis, from 38 patients with liver metastasis, and from 18 patients with lung metastasis. The c-erbB-2 protein-positive rate was significantly higher in cases with lymphatic vessel invasion in the primary tumor, but it did not correlate with lymph node metastases. Expression of c-erbB-2 did not correlate with any other histologic feature (histologic type, depth of tumor invasion, venous vessel invasion, or the clinical stage). The positive rate in the primary lesion was significantly higher in cases with liver metastasis than in cases without liver metastasis, the positive rate was significantly higher in the hepatic than in the primary lesions. The expression of c-erbB-2 protein in colorectal cancer tissue correlates closely with liver metastasis but not with lymphatic or lung metastases.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative evaluation by whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in patients with primary colorectal cancer.

Whole-body positron emission tomography (WB PET) was performed preoperatively in 24 patients with primary colorectal cancer, and the results were compared with the histopathological findings. The PET positive rate was 95.8% (23/24 patients) for the primary tumor. Among nine patients with histologically confirmed lymph node metastasis, two (22.2%) were positive by PET, including one with n1 and one with n4 disease. Among 15 patients without lymph node metastasis histopathologically (n0), two (13.3%) showed false-positive nodes on PET, being diagnosed as n1 and n3 disease, respectively. These results suggest that preoperative PET is useful for the diagnosis of primary colorectal cancer, but it is of limited value for detecting metastasis to the regional lymph nodes surrounding the primary lesion.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Stromal thrombospondin-1 expression is correlated with progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) is an extracellular matrix glycoproteins that affecting cell adhesion, motility and growth. Based on its effects on tumors, TSP1 is thought to be a potential regulator of tumor growth and metastasis. In this study, we clarified TSP1 immunoreactivity in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. TSP1 immunoreactivity was detected mainly in the cancer stroma and was observed infrequently in cancer cells. According to the TNM classification, 70.6% (12/17) of the T3 esophageal cancers were TSP1-positive, while only 26.9% (7/26) of the Tis and T1 cancers showed TSP1 expression. Lymph node metastasis and venous involvement was frequently found in the TSP1-positive cases (71.4% and 80.0%, respectively) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.001). This observation suggested that TSP1 expression plays an important role in cancer cell growth and metastasis of human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, and that stromal TSP1 immunoreactivity is a good predictor of venous involvement and lymph node metastasis.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinicopathological studies of esophageal carcinoma in achalasia: analyses of carcinogenesis using histological and immunohistochemical procedures.

Achalasia of the esophagus is a benign disease caused by dyskinesia of the lower esophagus and cardia and is presumed to be a premalignant lesion leading to an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma. We analyzed six surgically or endoscopically resected carcinomas among 54 cases of esophageal achalasia using histological and immunohistochemical procedures. The mean interval between the diagnosis of achalasia and carcinoma was 21.5 years. Four of the six cases were superficial early-stage cancers whilst the other two were advanced cancers invading the adventitia. Histological mapping of the resected esophageal specimens demonstrated marked hyperplastic changes of stratified squamous epithelium and multiple foci of dysplastic changes. The squamous cell carcinomas showed well-differentiated type with low-grade atypia, closely associated with dysplastic foci. Immunohistochemical staining for p53, p21, p16 and epidermal growth factor receptor suggested that the dysplastic epithelium was a borderline lesion between hyperplasia and in situ carcinoma. Our observations suggested that esophageal food stasis induces chronic hyperplastic esophagitis and eventually malignant transformation of esophageal epithelial cells, associated with dysplasia-carcinoma sequence.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of oral lentinan on T-cell subsets in peripheral venous blood.

The effect of oral lentinan, a biological response modifier, on the control of systemic immune function was studied in six-week-old male Wistar-Imamichi specific-pathogen free rats. In the lentinan-treated group, 1 mg of lentinan dissolved in 1 ml of physiological saline was administered forcibly into the stomach twice weekly for four or eight weeks. Physiological saline alone was administered in a similar fashion to the control group. Leukocyte and lymphocyte counts were made and lymphocyte subsets measured using monoclonal antibodies W3/13, W3/25, and OX8, and a laser flow cytometry system. The T-cell level, the helper/inducer T-cell level, and the suppressor/cytotoxic T-cell level were measured. The peripheral leukocyte and lymphocyte counts did not change significantly in either group during treatment. After four weeks of treatment, however, the lentinan group had a significantly higher T-cell level, helper-cell level, and helper-suppressor ratio, and a significantly lower suppressor-cell level than did the control group. No significant between-group differences in the lymphocyte subsets or the helper-suppressor ratio were noted after eight weeks of treatment. Oral administration of lentinan appears to modulate the systemic immune function through stimulation of T cells, especially helper cells. Continued administration produced less effect, possibly due to a tolerance to the effect of lentinan.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Mecobalamin promotes mouse sperm maturation.

The effect of Mecobalamin (alpha-(5,6-dimethyl benzimidazolyl)-Co-methyl-cobamide: Me-B 12) on sperm production in the oligozoospermic mice experimentally induced by the treatment with adriamycin (0.3 mg/kg, three times a week for 5 weeks) was evaluated quantitatively by means of equilibrium sedimentation in Percoll. After centrifugation, the distribution profile of the sperm showed two peaks, i.e. the first peak near the bottom consisting of mature sperm with good motility and the second peak containing immature and/or immotile sperm. By oral administration of Me B 12 (1.0 mg/kg/day) to the oligozoospermic mice for 10 weeks, the sperm count, sperm motility, motile sperm count, diameter of seminiferous tubules and the percentage of good motile sperm with higher apparent density were increased as compared with those of the control. These results suggest that Me-B 12 enhanced the testicular function, resulting in an increased output of mature sperm.

Animals↗