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T Tajima

Publications and source records attributed to T Tajima.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Chemotaxis of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans toward cycloheximide and quinine hydrochloride.

We investigated the chemotaxis of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans toward cycloheximide, denatonium benzoate, 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil, and quinine hydrochloride. Interestingly, C. elegans was strongly attracted to cycloheximide, while avoiding quinine hydrochloride. This is the first report thus far to describe the chemotactic responses of C. elegans toward bitter tastants for humans.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) cells and macrophages/histiocytes have a common antigen recognized by a monoclonal antibody risen against a rat MFH-derived cloned cell line.

A monoclonal antibody (B9) was generated by using a rat malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)-derived cloned cell line (MT-8) as the immunogen. Immunohistochemically, B9 reacted specifically with a cytoplasmic antigen of MT-8 cells. Furthermore, B9 immunolabeled another MFH-derived cloned cells (MT-9) and histiocytic sarcoma cells, as well as macrophages/histiocytes in normal and diseased tissues of rats. These findings suggest the presence of a common antigen recognized by B9 between MFH cells and macrophages/histiocytes. This suggests that MFH cells may express histiocytic nature.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

46, XY pure gonadal dysgenesis: a case with Graves' disease and exceptionally tall stature.

A case of 46, XY pure gonadal dysgenesis with very tall stature was investigated. The 24-year-old, phenotypically female patient consulted our clinic because of linear growth persisting into adulthood. The patient was found to have no mutation or deletion of a sex-determining region of the Y chromosome, and also was found to have Graves' disease. Growth was arrested with height remaining at 187 cm after normalization of the thyroid function by treatment with an antithyroid agent, although follow-up to monitor growth was limited to 3 months. In some cases of gonadal dysgenesis, then, Graves' disease may contribute to an abnormally tall stature.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Optimal lymph node dissection for colorectal cancer].

Previous studies on the distribution of positive lymph nodes have revealed that the colon should be resected 10 cm from the tumor on both sides and that the intermediate nodes along the main vessel should be dissected in patients with colon cancer. In rectal cancer, superior lymphatic spread along the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) is the main metastatic route. The IMA should be dissected immediately after the bifurcation of the left colic artery, and the intermediate lymph nodes should be removed. The positive rate of the lateral lymph nodes is about 10%. The rate of local failure is high and the prognosis is poor in patients with positive lateral lymph nodes, even if the lateral lymph nodes have been dissected. However, it has been reported that lateral lymph node dissection combined with excision of the internal iliac vessels results in good disease-free survival in patients with positive lateral nodes. Therefore the indications for lateral node dissection remain controversial. Lymphatic spread into the mesorectum on the anal side has been shown to be an important factor in local failure. The mesorectum should be resected for up to 4 or 5 cm from the inferior tumor margin in middle rectal cancer, and the entire mesorectum should be removed in lower rectal cancer. Nerve tissue preserved in pelvic autonomic nerve-preserving surgery contains a small amount of lymphoid tissue and lymph nodes. Therefore the extent of lymph node dissection and the area of autonomic nerves to be preserved based on tumor site or tumor penetration remain controversial.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed2001

[Bartter syndrome].

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Bartter Syndrome↗
PubMed2001

Accumulation of p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

p53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes. Mutation of the p53 gene can be detected immunohistochemically as over-expression of its protein in the nucleus. The p53 gene product is known to regulate cell growth and proliferation. Genetic alterations related to the carcinogenesis or progression of esophageal cancer are poorly understood. We examined accumulation of p53 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas including early-stage cancers, and its clinicopathological significance. p53 immunoreactivity in the cancer tissues was found in 61 (79.2%) of 77 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Over-expression of p53 protein (diffusely and focally positive staining) was seen in 70.1% (54/77). p53 over-expression was detected not only in the cases of in situ or intramucosal carcinomas, but also in invasive carcinomas. No significant correlations were found between p53 over-expression and clinicopathological features such as depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis or venous/lymphatic invasion. These results suggested that p53 mutations may be closely associated with the early-stage of pre-invasive esophageal carcinoma, and p53 gene mutations may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of human esophageal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Preliminary study for sentinel lymph node identification with Tc-99m tin colloid in patients with esophageal or gastric cancer.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a lymph node identified with high radioisotope (RI) activity is a sentinel node. We studied 26 patients with either esophageal or gastric cancer whose preoperative imaging studies showed no lymph node metastasis. Before surgery, Tc-99m tin colloid was injected via endoscopy into the submucosa. In lymph nodes dissected at surgery, RI activity was measured by a scintillation counter, and metastatic status was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The number of dissected nodes was 45 +/- 15 (mean +/- SD) per patient, and the number of nodes with high RI activity was 4 +/- 1. Nodal metastasis occurred in 11 of 26 patients. In 9 of these 11 patients, metastatic foci were found in one or more nodes with high RI activity. In one of the 2 remaining patients, endoscopic clipping was applied just above the injection sites, and in the other patient, the tumor invasion was beyond the muscle layer. For further analysis, the case with clipping was excluded, and only those in which the tumor invasion was confined within the muscle layer were evaluated. Six of 18 patients in this analysis showed nodal metastasis. Each of the 6 patients had at least one node that showed high RI activity and that was positive for metastasis. We conclude that when tumor invasion remains within the muscle layer, lymph nodes with high RI activity can be regarded as sentinel nodes.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

A case of duodenal involvement of multiple myeloma imaged by positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose.

A 61-year-old woman had been treated for multiple myeloma for 4 years when she developed abdominal pain. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a tumor in the abdomen. Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) showed increased FDG uptake in the tumor. In previous bone marrow lesions, which were in clinical remission after chemotherapy and radiotherapy, abnormal FDG uptake was not recognized. Pathological examination after surgery revealed the tumor to be a plasmacytoma of the duodenum. Plasmacytoma of the duodenum is rare but can be seen during the clinical course of multiple myeloma. A few reports have described FDG PET findings of plasmacytoma. Those previous reports and our present case suggest a potential value of FDG PET in the evaluation of multiple myeloma.

Duodenal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Visualization, quantification and therapeutic evaluation of angiogenic vessels in cancer by synchrotron microangiography.

The usefulness of a synchrotron microangiography system for depicting, quantitating and therapeutically evaluating angiogenic vessels in cancer is illustrated. In 20 mice transplanted with murine colon cancer, sequential changes in the angiogenic vessels were determined by using synchrotron microangiography, using changes in tumor volume for reference. This system allowed the depiction and quantification of angiogenic vessels in the period from one to four weeks after transplantation. The effects of antiangiogenic therapy were evaluated by using a neutralizing antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor. The neutralizing antibody partially suppressed angiogenesis and tumor growth. Synchrotron microangiography is shown to be useful for the depiction, quantification and evaluation of angiogenic vessels in cancer.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Number of glomeruli is increased in the kidney of transgenic mice expressing the truncated type II activin receptor.

Histological analyses of the kidney were performed in transgenic mice expressing the truncated type II activin receptor. In these mice, signaling through the activin receptor was attenuated. Size and wet weight of the kidneys were identical to those of normal mice. Histologically, the number of glomeruli was approximately 180% of that in normal mice. The sizes and shapes of the glomeruli were variable, but many of them were smaller than those in normal mice. Morphometrically, the total glomerular area was 130% of that of the normal mice. Abnormality of the epithelia in Bowman's capsule was observed and the number of tubular epithelial cells was increased in the transgenic mice. The serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and creatinine clearance were identical to those in normal mice. These results suggest that the action of activin or related ligands is critical for determination of the nephron number.

Activin Receptors, Type II↗
PubMed2000

Comparative efficacy of positron emission tomography and ultrasonography in preoperative evaluation of axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer.

PURPOSE: In primary breast cancer, axillary nodal status is the most powerful predictive factor of recurrence. However, axillary lymph node dissection may cause surgical complications. If preoperative evaluation of axillary lymph node metastases is possible, unnecessary axillary lymph node dissections can be avoided. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of positron emission tomography (PET) on detection of axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer. METHODS: PET scans of the axilla were obtained in 32 patients with primary breast cancer. All patients fasted for at least 4 hours before the examination. After transmission scans for attenuation correction were performed, emission scans after intravenous injection of 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) were obtained. RESULTS: Overall accuracy of PET alone, ultrasonography alone, and in combination in the detection of axillary metastases were 82%, 79%, and 85% respectively. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences between PET, ultrasonography, and PET in combination with ultrasonography regarding sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the detection of axillary metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Recent developments in imaging diagnostics for HCC: CT arteriography and CT arterioportography evaluation of vascular changes in premalignant and malignant hepatic nodules.

We analyzed the hemodynamic properties and vascular supply changes in relation to the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), selecting 18 premalignant and malignant nodules less than 3 cm diameter (from 14 patients) for our study. The computed tomographic (CT) arteriography and CT arterioportography (CTAP) findings for these nodules were correlated with the histopathologic findings. The ratios of all microscopically counted arteries (normal hepatic and abnormal arteries), normal hepatic arteries, and portal veins in each nodule to those in the surrounding liver were calculated. Well differentiated lesions had low attenuation on CT arteriography and isoattenuation on CTAP. Moderately-to-poorly differentiated lesions had high attenuation on CT arteriography and low attenuation on CTAP. In well differentiated lesions, the ratios of all arteries, normal hepatic arteries, and portal veins were 1.17+/-0.10, 0.66+/-0.12, and 0.80+/-0.10, respectively. In moderately-to-poorly differentiated lesions, the ratios were 2.64+/-0.23, 0.09+/-0.03, and 0.07+/-0.03, respectively. We concluded that blood flow does not parallel the actual number of arteries seen on the histological examination of tumors. In well differentiated lesions, the combination of normal hepatic arterial degeneration and preserved portal veins results in low attenuation on CT arteriography and isoattenuation on CTAP. In advanced HCC, the combination of neoplastic (abnormal) arterial development by angiogenesis and obliteration of portal veins results in high attenuation on CTA and low attenuation on CTAP. These findings are characteristic of early and advanced stage HCC, and may reflect a combination of sequential changes in their hemodynamic states.

Aged↗