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Biomedical subjects

T Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Taguchi.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Observations on the distribution and movement of cadmium in epithelial cells of rat small intestine by light- and electron-microscope radioautography.

The localization of cadmium in the absorptive cells of the small intestine has been studied by light- and electron-microscope radioautography at intervals in the first 27 h after intubation of radiocadmium into the stomach of rats. Light-microscope autoradiographic studies showed that cadmium was taken up very quickly by the absorptive cells, and radioactivity in the absorptive layer was disseminated over the entire area of the absorptive cells. Electron-microscope autoradiography showed that there was no concentration of radioactive cadmium in any particular site in the epithelial cells or in the lamina propria. It suggests that the transport mechanism of cadmium through the intestine may be nonspecific. Radioautographic investigation using radiocadmium may provide useful information for cadmium distribution and movement in rat small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor. Report of an autopsy case and review of literature.

An autopsy case with intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor occurring in a 51-year-old Japanese woman is reported. The lungs contained multiple nodules which were characteristic features of this tumor. In addition, the tumor diffusely involved bilateral lower lobes associated with extensive pleural invasion. And the tumor tended to spread along vascular and bronchial trees. No extrathoracic metastasis was noted. Histologically, the nodules showed hypocellular hyaline or myxoid tissue surrounded by peripheral cellular layers. Diffuse consolidated areas were composed of collagenous connective tissue with scattered tumor cells. Factor VIII-related antigen could not be demonstrated in tumor cells, but the negative result was considered to be secondary to antigen deterioration by delayed fixation of the tissue. Electron microscopic examination did not support the alveolar epithelial cell origin, but revealed morphological characteristics of myofibroblasts and endothelial cells. The tumor is presumed to be derived from vascular stem cell with a tendency of endothelial differentiation.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Blood vascular bed of the rat pituitary intermediate lobe, with special reference to its development and portal drainage into the anterior lobe. A scanning electron microscope study of vascular casts.

Blood vascular beds of the rat pituitary intermediate lobes were reproduced by injection of low viscosity methacrylate media, and then observed with a scanning electron microscope. Although the intermediate lobes of newborn and pubescent rat were poorly vascularized, the adult rat intermediate lobe contained numerous capillaries forming a fairly independent network whose density, however, was not so great as in the anterior and posterior lobes. The vascular network of the intermediate lobe could be divided into two parts: a superficial plexus close to the anterior lobe, and a deep one close to the posterior lobe, though the two plexuses were continuous with each other. The superficial plexus consisted of anastomosing capillaries, and the deep one of non-anastomosing capillaries with a palisade-fashioned arrangement. The superficial plexus seemed crucially important for the blood supply of the intermediate lobe since it developed or thickened as the animals aged. The superficial plexus received its proper afferent vessels from the middle and posterior hypophyseal arteries and emitted its proper efferent vessels continuous with the sinusoidal capillaries of the anterior lobe. The capillaries of the deep plexus usually communicated with the arterial capillaries of the posterior lobe and possibly represented another afferent route to the superficial plexus. This paper, thus, strongly suggests a portal circulation from the intermediate lobe to the anterior lobe though its functional significance is unknown.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

[Arterial infusion method: its theory and clinical application--dosage and regimen].

The special feature of the arterial infusion method is that, when an anticancer agent is given, a high concentration of the drug is distributed through the nourish arterial system to the neoplasm. However, should the drug flow back to the heart and enter the second circulation system, the same dynamics hold as do in the venous route approach. Thus, using this feature, the suitable anticancer agent must be selected and the dose and regimen determined. Recently, continuous arterial infusion of 5-FU, MTX and other agents, arterial infusion of MMC and ADM over a given time course, plus microcapsulation of anticancer agents or improved chemotherapy for possible embolization, have been used to deal with embolisms. The most remarkable effects have been obtained in liver carcinoma among others. Rescue with antidotes to counter side effects of using the arterial route is relatively easy. There are agents suitable for arterial infusion among BRM, and favorable clinical applications are expected.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

[A comparative study of 5'-DFUR and tegafur in recurrent breast cancer].

UNLABELLED: A comparative study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5'-DFUR and tegafur in recurrent breast cancer. The oral daily dosage of 5'-DFUR was 1,200 mg and that of tegafur was 800 mg, both drugs being administered every day for more than 4 weeks. RESULTS: Cases evaluable for anti-tumor effect were 50 with 5'-DFUR and 38 with tegafur. The response rate was 28.0% (14/50) with 5'-DFUR while that with tegafur was 15.8% (6/38). In the cases with no prior fluorinated pyrimidine therapy, 5'-DFUR was significantly superior to tegafur in the response rate. Effective cases determined within 8 weeks numbered 9 out of 50 cases with 5'-DFUR, showing a tendency to be more than those of tegafur, 1 out of 38 cases. This indicates that the appearance of response for 5'-DFUR seems to be faster. The duration of PR tended to be longer with 5'-DFUR than with tegafur. As for the safety, there was no difference between the two groups except for a high incidence of diarrhea in 5'-DFUR. 5'-DFUR tended to be superior to tegafur in its usefulness judged from the angles of efficacy and safety. From the above results, 5'-DFUR can be regarded as having a better efficacy than tegafur for the treatment of recurrent breast cancer, with a fast-appearing anti-tumor effect and a long durability for continuous treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Phase II study of 5'-DFUR (5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine) by the Cooperative Study Group].

Phase II study of 5'-DFUR was conducted in 195 patients with malignant tumors by the Osaka Chemotherapy Cooperative Study Group. Five CR and 20 PR cases were obtained out 133 evaluable cases and the total response rate was 18.8% (15.8% in gastric, 38.1% in breast) One PR was observed for each of head & neck and esophageal cancer. It was noteworthy that four CR were observed in breast cancer. Adverse reaction was observed in 61 out of 151 cases (40.4%), and major side effects were digestive symptoms such as diarrhea (22.5%), nausea-vomiting (11.9%) and anorexia (10.6%). These results suggest that 5'-DFUR can be useful for the treatment of malignant tumors.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan (SPG) in advanced gastric cancer (the second report)--a randomized controlled study].

We reported previously that Schizophyllan (SPG) combined with MMC + 5-FU (MF regimen) or Tegafur (F regimen) had a significant life-prolonging effect over chemotherapeutic regimens in patients with inoperable and recurrent gastric cancer in a randomized controlled study. In the present paper, we have further investigated the effect of SPG on life-span followed-up for more than 2 years. A significant life-prolonging effect of SPG was reconfirmed in patients given either the MF regimen (154 patients) or the F regimen (213 patients). Thus, SPG combined with chemotherapeutics has proved to be useful for treating patients with inoperable and recurrent gastric cancer, resulting in a significant prolongation of life-span without serious side effects despite having no influence on tumor size.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical effect of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR)].

5'-Deoxy-5-Fluorouridine is converted to 5-Fluorouracil by pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase of which activity is higher in tumor tissues than in surrounding normal ones. The interim result of the phase II study of this drug showed an efficacy in breast, gastric, colorectal and head & neck cancers. Above all, some CR cases in breast cancer indicated remarkable superiority of this drug for monotherapy. The duration of response was relatively long. Even in the cases with previously negative fluorinated pyrimidine therapy, this drug showed a considerable response rate. The main side effect was diarrhea but it was controllable. Diarrhea would become a good indication for determining continuation or cessation of the treatment with this drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Fatal antral ulcer in conventionally fed W/Wv mutant mice given indomethacin by injection.

Antral ulcers develop spontaneously in (WB X C57BL/6)F1-W/Wv mice. Most W/Wv mice with severe ulcers die within 3 months after birth. When healthy-looking W/Wv mice were selected at 4 months of age, 80-90% of them were free from the ulcer. Even if the ulcer was present, it was small. The authors compared the susceptibility of such healthy-looking W/Wv mice to ulcerogenic treatments with that of the congenic +/+ mice. Stress caused development of fundic erosions in both W/Wv and +/+ mice. The susceptibility of the W/Wv mice to either cold or water-immersed stress was not higher than that of the +/+ mice. Topical administration of aspirin produced erosions in both fundus and antrum. The susceptibility of W/Wv mice to aspirin was comparable to that of the +/+ mice in either the starved or the fed condition. Subcutaneous injection of indomethacin produced both fundic erosions and antral ulcers in the starved condition, but it produced only antral ulcers in the conventionally fed condition. The susceptibility of the starved W/Wv mice to indomethacin was not higher than that of the starved +/+ mice. In contrast, the fed W/Wv mice were significantly more susceptible to indomethacin than the fed +/+ mice. A considerable proportion of the fed W/Wv mice died of blood loss from the ulcer within 24 hours. The size of the ulcer of the W/Wv mice was significantly larger than that of the +/+ mice. Both genetic and feeding conditions seem to determine the susceptibility to indomethacin.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The strong association of HLA-DR4 with spherical mesangial dense deposits in IgA nephropathy.

41 Japanese patients with primary IgA nephropathy (IgA GN) were determined for HLA-A, -B, -C and -DR antigens. The frequency of HLA-DR4 increased slightly in total patients compared with 63 normal control persons, but this increase was not statistically significant. However, 24 patients with spherical mesangial dense deposits (SMDD) in electron micrograph out of 41 patients with IgA GN were found to have markedly increased incidence of HLA-DR4 (chi 2 = 11.52, Relative risk = 6.45, Corrected p less than 0.03). In contrast to this finding, 17 patients without SMDD had no association with any particular HLA antigens. These results suggest that IgA GN might be subdivided by the association of HLA and electron microscopic findings into at least 2 types.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[A cooperative study of alternating immunochemotherapy with futraful and PSK (second report)--3-year survival rate].

Patients who had undergone gastrectomy for stomach cancer were placed on adjuvant chemotherapy two weeks after surgery. They were divided into three groups according to the following regimen in order to compare the 3-year survival rate : in the first group, administration of futraful was carried out for 3 consecutive months and followed by administration of PSK for 2 consecutive months. This course was repeated for more than 2 courses. Administration of futraful in the second group was repeated for 3 consecutive months with 2 months of withdrawal and repeated for more than 2 courses. The third group received surgery alone. When all the patients of each group were compared, there was no difference in 3-year survival rate, but the group receiving alternating therapy with futraful and PSK showed a significantly high survival rate for the first year only. Further, among patients having stage III carcinoma, those with n2 + n3 or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma had a remarkably high survival rate.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

[Results of phase III study of lentinan].

A follow-up survey of survivals (Oct. 1 '80 to May 1, '84) in a randomized controlled study (Aug. '79 to Sept. 30' 80) of lentinan in combination administration with chemotherapeutic agents such as 5FU + mitomycin C or tegafur on patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer has shown that lentinan has been effective in such cases with regard to the following facts: 1) A life span prolongation effect at the end-point has been observed with statistical significance in lentinan treated patients as was found in the phase III study. 2) Using the life table analysis method, a higher rate of survival has been observed in the lentinan treated group, especially in combination with tegafur for gastric cancer, clearly showing such high survival rates as 12.97% (P less than 0.05) at two years after, and 9.51% (P less than 0.05) and 3.81%, at three and four years after respectively, and for colorectal cancer, 9.10% and 4.55% at two years and three years after, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Randomized study of long-term adjuvant chemotherapy with Futraful and mitomycin C in gastric cancer. A second study (fourth report)].

In view of the usefulness of long-term adjuvant chemotherapy, the Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer adopted as a second cooperative study a randomized controlled trial including three groups; MMC alone, Futraful alone and a combination of MMC and Futraful. In the groups given Futraful alone and the combination therapy, the survival and disease-free rate were improved at five years, in patients with stage III. Moreover, the survival and disease-free rate for the group given combination therapy were higher than those for the group given Futraful alone. Also, in the groups given Futraful alone and the combination therapy, toxicities probably due to the long-term Futraful therapy were minor, without serious side effects. Therefore, a long-term combined adjuvant chemotherapy with MMC and Futraful seems to be an effective chemotherapy regimen for resectable gastric cancer. A more potent regimen and cyclic therapy may be needed to improve the result of treatment.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1985

[A multi-institutional study on postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy of gastric cancer].

An analysis of 3,630 gastric cancer cases from 412 institutions who were treated with 6 randomly-assigned protocols was carried out to study the effect of daily PSK and Futraful administration and the adjuvant effect of PSK and/or Picibanil (OK 5 KE) combined with MMC and FT. Evaluation of immunochemotherapy was made on the basis of three-year survival rates and immunoparameters. The most positive results were found in survival rates favoring the combined therapy (FT + PSK) over single administration (FT) to relatively early-stage patients (30%, difference), PSK, MMC and FT combination (10%), and PSK, OK, MMC and FT (22%), over single chemotherapy alone. Serum alpha-2 globulin levels, indicative of immunosuppression, were lower in PSK-administered cases. The overall findings indicated that PSK and/or OK with MMC and FT are effective in prolonging the lives of post-operative patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗