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Biomedical subjects

T Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Taguchi.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Phase I study of natural interferon-gamma].

We report a clinical study of toxicity and pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered natural interferon-gamma. Twenty three cases with metastatic cancer were given interferon-gamma at doses of 10 X 10(4)-400 X 10(4) IU in single injection. Another twenty three cases were administered at doses of 5 X 10(4)-50 X 10(4) IU/day every day for thirty days. Side effects associated with natural interferon-gamma administration were qualitatively similar to those previously reported for alpha, and beta interferon treatment. After intravenous injection, interferon-gamma was cleared monoexponentially with a short half-life of 120 minutes from the circulation. One case with disseminated thyroid cancer showed minor response.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1987

[Subrenal capsule assay as a chemosensitivity test (III)--Comparison of host reaction, experimental chemotherapy and use of nude mice].

We studied fundamentally subrenal capsule assay, using human tumor specimens (gastric, breast and pancreas cancers) serially transplanted in nude mice. Any prominent difference of host reaction was not found between the host of BALB/c-nu/+, BALB/c-+/+ and CDF1 mice. Using immunocompetent BALB/c-nu/+ mice, experimental chemotherapy with mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was carried out. On day 6, macroscopic and histological findings corresponded relatively well with 5-FU effect but not with MMC. Using BALB/c-nu/nu mice, we tried 15-day SRC assay. When the sensitivity of anti-cancer drugs was compared between early and intermediate phase after inoculation, no obvious difference was found macroscopically and histologically. BALB/c-nu/nu mouse will be useful as a host of SRC assay, and could be applicable to clinical fresh cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Report on nationwide pooled data and cohort investigation in UFT phase II study].

Based on the overall results of a UFT phase II study made in 104 institutions in Japan from April of 1979 to September of 1980, there was a response rate of 27.7% with 3 CR cases and 49 PR cases out of 188 stomach cancer cases considered as evaluable according to solid cancer chemotherapy direct efficacy criteria. Other response rates were spleen cancer 25%, gallbladder cancer 25%, liver cancer 19.2%, colorectal cancer 25%, breast cancer 32% and lung cancer 7%. Side effects out of 551 cases were, loss of appetite 24.3%, nausea/vomiting 12.5%, diarrhea 11.1% and other digestive system symptoms mainly. The hematologic side effects were mild, being 6.9%. According to the UFT phase II study, in 438 evaluable cases followed for 5 years after testing, the results were analyzed in terms of therapeutic efficacy and survival time. In 185 stomach cancer cases, 50% survival time was 185 days, with CR + PR cases 336 days, MR + NC cases 183 days, and PD cases 97 days. Colorectal cancer showed a 50% survival time of 227 days in 54 cases, while that for 49 breast cancer cases was 505 days. Total Ftorafur (FT) results using the same criteria from the UFT phase II study revealed, from a comparison of dosage and disease type, that UFT did not enhance FT side effects; rather, it markedly increases effectiveness. Therefore, on the basis of its response rate and the survival time for the cases of digestive system cancer, UFT is considered an effective anticancer agent.

Anorexia↗
PubMed1987

[Antitumor efficacy of polyamine antimetabolites and mitomycin C under polyamine-free diet].

Treatment of nude mice xenografted with human gastric cancer was carried out by polyamine antimetabolites combined with mitomycin C (MMC) and polyamine-free diet. Polyamine antimetabolites, alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and ethylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (EGBG), were given ip in a daily dose of 1,000 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively, for 6 consecutive days. MMC 2.0 mg/kg was administered every other day. The polyamine-free diet was given from 4 days before start of the treatment through the end of the study. Although the tumor growth rate of the control group given polyamine-free diet was similar to that given normal diet, in the mice treated with EGBG, DFMO plus MMC, the antitumor effect in the polyamine-free diet group was superior to the normal diet group. In comparison with tumor growth suppression due to EGBG plus DFMO or MMC only, the polyamine-free diet group showed better result than the normal diet group to some extent. In mice treated with EGBG, DFMO plus MMC, tumor tissue spermine levels in the polyamine-free diet group were significantly depressed, compared to the normal diet group. Furthermore, marked suppression of DNA biosynthesis was observed in mice given EGBG, DFMO plus MMC together with the polyamine-free diet. These results suggest that combined treatments of polyamine antimetabolites and MMC revealed a marked enhancement of antitumor effects, under conditions of polyamine depletion, which may be responsible for the alteration in DNA structure.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical results of UFT fine granule therapy by cooperative study. Osaka UFT Granulation Study Group].

We carried out a Phase II study by single oral administration of the antineoplastic agent UFT fine granule containing 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (FT-207) and uracil in a molar ratio of 1 : 4. Of 20 cases entered into the study, 18 were evaluable, among which four (22.2%) achieved PR. It took an average of forty days until these four PR cases were evaluable, and the duration of efficacy was 89 days. We observed an efficacy lasting over 150 days in a case of lung cancer. Side-effects were observed in 62.2% of cases. Only one case of thrombocytopenia and one case of hepatic malfunction occurred. Both of these two patients recovered two weeks after this study. Among the major symptoms were gastrointestinal disorders such as subjective and objective anorexia, nausea and vomiting. In one patient, treatment was discontinued, but other patients were able to continue following a decrease or withdrawal of the agent. The same trend was observed in a study of UFT capsule.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical efficacy of lentinan on patients with stomach cancer: end point results of a four-year follow-up survey.

End-point results of a 4-yr followup survey and a randomized control trial of lentinan (LNT) on patients with advanced or recurrent stomach cancer have been investigated in order to evaluate the clinical efficacy of LNT in combination with chemotherapeutic agent tegafur (FT). Eligible (68) patients in control groups were administered with FT consecutively at doses of 600 mg/day, and eligible (96) patients in the treated group were administered LNT in combination with FT. LNT was injected intravenously 2 mg weekly. Remarkable lifespan prolongation effects of LNT have been observed both at the end of the control trial and at the end of the followup survey (p less than 0.01) using Kaplan-Meier's method and the generalized Wilcoxian test. Remarkable survival at 1, 2 and 3 years has been observed in the treated group using lifetable analysis. Side effects of LNT have been transitional and not serious. Thus, LNT should be effective in combination with FT for patients with stomach cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Augmentation of cytotoxic activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHu-TNF) by recombinant human interferon-gamma (rHu-IFN-gamma).

The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of recombinant human interferon-gamma (rHu-IFN-gamma) on the in vitro antitumor activity of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rHu-TNF) against rHu-TNF-sensitive and resistant tumor cells. rHu-IFN-gamma augmented both cytostatic and cytocidal activity of rHu-TNF. When 14 tumor cells were tested, augmentation by rHu-IFN-gamma was observed in most of rHu-TNF-sensitive tumor cells and in few cases in rHu-TNF-resistant tumor cells. Among rHu-TNF-sensitive tumor cells, there was no relationship between the degree of augmentation and the susceptibility to rHu-TNF. Augmentation was marked when tumor cells were treated with rHu-IFN-gamma either before the exposure to rHu-TNF or during the early period of the exposure to rHu-TNF. On the other hand, augmentation was not observed when tumor cells were treated with rHu-IFN-gamma during a late period of the exposure to rHu-TNF. From these results, a combined treatment with both agents can be expected to provide an approach to get better results in clinical trials.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Metallothionein in kidney and liver of the macular mouse as an animal model of Menkes' kinky hair disease.

The tissue copper and metallothionein-Cu (MT-Cu) content of kidney and liver were measured in mutant (hemizygous macular male and homozygous macular female), heterozygous macular female and normal mouse. The tissue copper and MT-Cu contents in kidneys from 7-8 day mutants and heterozygotes were significantly greater than those of the normal kidney. Marked elevations in kidney copper and MT-Cu contents were also observed in the 8-9 week mutant (which achieved long-term survival with a single dose of subcutaneous copper administered at day 7) and in the heterozygote. The L-[35S]cystine incorporation experiments also revealed an abnormal synthesis of renal MT in the 8-9 week mutant and in the heterozygote. In contrast to kidney Cu levels, the tissue copper and MT-Cu contents of 7-8 day normal livers were extremely high, whereas the tissue copper and MT-Cu contents of mutant and heterozygote livers were extremely low. The tissue copper contents of livers of 8-9 week mutants and heterozygotes were slightly low compared to normal, and the MT-Cu contents of livers of the 8-9 week mouse were extremely low in all groups. In contrast to the changes in copper content, the changes in tissue zinc and MT-Zn contents in kidney and liver were slight in the 7-8 day and 8-9 week mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[A phase I trial of idarubicin by oral administration].

A phase I trial of a new anthracycline derivative, idarubicin, was conducted in 16 patients with various advanced solid tumors. Doses administered were 20, 30 and 40 mg/m2 with single oral doses. Dose-limiting factors were both leukopenia and thrombocytopenia reaching a nadir about 2 weeks after the start of treatment and requiring 7 to 10 days for recovery. Other toxicities were anorexia, nausea and vomiting, but alopecia did not occur. The maximum tolerated dose was judged to be 40 mg/m2 and the recommended dose for phase II trials was determined to be 30-35 mg/m2.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Tumor markers in gastrointestinal cancer and its clinical significance].

The clinical usefulness of tumor markers was discussed in gastrointestinal cancer. SCC antigen (subfraction of TA-4) was useful marker in esophageal squamous cell cancer, but was not so helpful in cancer treatment. CEA and CA19-9 were also available as tumor markers of gastric and colorectal cancers, but extremely increased levels were found in only advanced but in early cancer. There was no significant correlation between CEA and CA19-9 so the combination assay of a few kinds of tumor markers, especially CEA and CA19-9 were helpful in cancer treatment.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

[Adoptive immunotherapy of malignant diseases with LAK cells].

Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from patients by leukapheresis were cultured in RPMI 1640 containing human plasma and interleukin 2. The morphology, phenotypes and cytotoxicity of induced LAK cells were studied. Lymphoblastoid cells mainly proliferated were OKIa1+ cells and were thought to be LAK cells. Maximal cytotoxicity was obtained after two weeks of incubation. IL-2 enhanced the cytotoxicity of LAK cells. Autologous LAK cells induced by two weeks of incubation were injected into patients. One case of pulmonary metastases of breast cancer showed reduction and two lesions showed partial regression. Also, no new lesions appeared in the lungs of a patient with alveolar soft-part sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Adoptive immunotherapy of cancer patients with lymphokine-activated killer cells].

We have examined the effects of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) on generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and adoptive immunotherapy. rIL-2 generated LAK activity dose- and time-dependently. The generated LAK cells by rIL-2 killed autologous and various allogenic tumor cells but not normal cells. No difference was found in the generation of LAK activity by rIL-2 between healthy donors and cancer patients rIL-2 generated LAK activity of lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood, spleen, pleural fluid and ascites in cancer patients. Two cancer patients with pleuritis carcinomatosa, who had not responded to various chemotherapeutic agents, were treated with adoptive immunotherapy. LAK cells were generated from the lymphocytes of pleural fluid or peripheral blood incubated with rIL-2 (5 U/ml) for 5 days. LAK cells (0.1-1.0 X 10(9)/100 ml in total) were administered into the pleural cavity followed by injection of rIL-2 (1,000 U) 1 to 7 times. No significant adverse effect was observed except for fever and eosinophilia. Complete disappearance of pleural tumor cells was observed in one patient and decrease in the other.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Interleukin 2].

Effectiveness of IL-2 and LAK cells induced by IL-2 on malignant diseases was discussed. IL-2 alone administered systemically showed a poor effect, and combination of IL-2 are necessary for LAK cells to kill the target malignant cells. Adoptive immunotherapy using IL-2 and LAK cells should be applied for pulmonary and hepatic metastases. Postoperative adjuvant therapy and combination with chemotherapy will become important in the future.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Adoptive immunotherapy of malignant diseases using normal allogeneic LAK cells].

Allogeneic LAK cells induced from PBL of normal donors were used for adoptive immunotherapy of malignant diseases. The possibility of an antibody against allogeneic LAK cells was suggested. However, no immune reaction was observed and LAK activity was maintained in vitro in the presence of patient's plasma sampled during the course of therapy.

Graft vs Host Reaction↗
PubMed1987

Adoptive immunotherapy of malignant diseases with IL-2-activated lymphocytes.

Lymphokine activated killer cells (LAK cells) or interleukin 2 (IL-2)-activated killer cells were induced by recombinant IL-2 (TGP-3) for clinical adoptive immunotherapy of malignant diseases. After incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with IL-2 and normal human plasma for 1-2 weeks LAK cells were obtained that showed a maximum cytotoxicity against target cells, and did not need a toxic dose of IL-2 to enhance or maintain their cytotoxicity. Both autologous and allogeneic LAK cells were used in five clinical cases without any immune side effects, and were effective in three cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical experience of a subcutaneously implantable drug delivery catheter (PORT-A-CATH)].

A drug delivery catheter system with subcutaneously implantable port, PORT-A-CATH, was applied for intra-arterial, intravenous and intraperitoneal chemotherapy and hyperalimentation in treating 99 cancer patients. The average implantation period was 135.1 days and this system was applied for more than one year in 5 cases. Any troubles due to port or catheter materials were not observed during the study. Catheter occlusion occurred in 11 cases infection in 7 (catheter-related infection 4, pocket infection 3), and skin necrosis in 4. This system was proved useful to reduce the risk of infection and enabled easy and safe long-term repeated administration, compared to the catheters with external end. Intra-arterial chemotherapy became possible to the outpatients with the use of this system, which seemed to contribute for the improvement of quality of life of the patients.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Mass screening for colorectal cancer by testing for occult blood under restricted diet and a questionnaire in Osaka.

Because of the recent increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in Japan, attempts were made to find an effective method for screening asymptomatic patients with this cancer. A total of 12,520 participants in Osaka were screened in a 2-year program from April 1982 by a test of fecal occult blood under a restricted diet, and a medical questionnaire. Occult blood in feces was examined for 3 consecutive days using one guaiac-impregnated slide (Shionogi B) each day. This slide was about twice as sensitive as the Hemoccult slide. Further diagnostic workups were required in 3,452 individuals, of which 2,602 (75.7%) were due to positive occult blood. Proctosigmoidoscopy was performed in 2,214 (64.4%) of these persons, barium enema in 1,397 persons, and flexible colonoscopy in 187 persons. Colorectal cancers were detected in 18 patients (0.14% of the total screened); ten of these cancers were in an early stage. Thus this screening method is reliable for detecting asymptomatic cancer of the colon and rectum.

Colonic Neoplasms↗