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Biomedical subjects

T Taguchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Taguchi.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Phase I clinical trial of RP 56976 (docetaxel) a new anticancer drug].

A multicenter phase I clinical trial of RP 56976 (docetaxel), a new anticancer drug, was performed with single and repeated doses. Based on the results of phase I clinical trials conducted in the United States and Europe, the starting dose was 10 mg/m2. The dose was subsequently increased to 20, 50, 70 and 90 mg/m2. A dose of 60 mg/m2 was additionally tested. Single administrations of the six dose levels were performed in a total of 27 patients via intravenous drip infusion over one hour. Ten of the patients subsequently received repeated doses at three of the dose levels in the same manner. The dose limiting factor (DLF) of docetaxel is leukopenia (especially, neutropenia). Based on the observation of the DLF, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined to be 70-90 mg/m2. The white blood cell count reached a nadir about 9.5-19.5 days (median) after administration, and took 7-11 days (median) to recover. Other adverse reactions observed were nausea/vomiting anorexia, alopecia, diarrhea, fatigue and fever, which were all acceptable. The results of this trial suggest that a dosage regimen of 60 mg/m2 at 3- to 4 week intervals is appropriate in an early phase II clinical trial.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[An early phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel) in patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract].

An early phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel), a new semisynthetic agent, was conducted in patients with apparatus digestorius cancer. Two or more intravenous doses of 60 mg/m2 were administered with dose-free intervals of 3-4 weeks. Of the 44 patients enrolled, 32 patients (15 patients with gastric cancer, 16 patients with colon cancer, and 1 patient with pancreatic cancer) completed the scheduled course of treatment. For antitumor efficacy in the 15 patients with gastric cancer that completed the study, 3 showed a partial response (PR)(20.0%). Of the 16 patients with colon cancer that completed the study, 1 showed a partial response (PR)(6.3%). No efficacy was noted in the patient with pancreatic cancer. All three patients with gastric cancer showing a partial response (PR) to docetaxel had displayed no response to previous chemotherapy. Evaluation was made for the primary gastric lesion and metastatic lesions in cervical lymph nodes and liver. The most frequent adverse reactions included leukopenia (100%) and neutropenia (97.2%) and subjective/objective adverse reactions included alopecia (80.6%), anorexia (72.2%), fatigue (52.8%), fever (47.2%) nausea/vomiting (47.2%), and diarrhea (38.9%). Leukopenia was of Grade III or more in 75.0% of the patients and neutropenia was of Grade III or more in 91.7%. All other adverse reactions were acceptable. The results suggest that docetaxel is an effective anticancer agent for gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[An early phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel) in patients with breast cancer].

An early phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel), a new anticancer agent of plant origin, was conducted in patients with breast cancer at 20 Japanese collaborative institutions. Docetaxel was administered at two or more doses of 60 mg/m2 by intravenous infusion with dose-free intervals of 3-4 weeks, and the efficacy and safety was evaluated. Of the 51 patients enrolled, 50 patients completed the scheduled course of treatment. Two patients showed a complete response (CR) and 19 showed a partial response (PR) with a response rate of 42.0%. The response rates based on the efficacy for metastatic lesions in soft tissue, liver and lung, were 46.2% (18/39), 37.5% (3/8), and 38.5% (5/13), respectively. Of the 50 patients who completed the study, 48 patients had previously been treated for the present malignancy. Forty-seven patients had previously been treated with chemotherapy and showed a response rate of 40.4% (19/47). The response rate in those who had received chemotherapy composed of anthracyclines and other agents was 44.1% (15/34). Grade 3 or more severe leukopenia and neutropenia developed in 43 patients (84.3%) and 48 patients (94.1%), respectively. Other adverse reactions which occurred in a Grade 3 or more severe form included nausea/vomiting (1 patient), anorexia (5 patients), diarrhea (4 patients), fatigue (2 patients), and alopecia (20 patients). Except for alopecia, most adverse reactions were generally transient and reversible without any specific treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel) in patients with carcinoma ovarii or carcinoma colli uteri].

An early phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel), a new semisynthetic agent, in patients with carcinoma ovarii or carcinoma colli uteri was undertaken by a cooperative study group of 23 institutes. Docetaxel was administered at an initial intravenous dose of 60 mg/m2 with dose-free intervals of 3-4 weeks, and its efficacy and safety were evaluated. Of the 47 patients with carcinoma ovarii enrolled, 44 patients were eligible and 36 patients completed the scheduled course of treatment. Of the 23 patients with carcinoma colli uteri enrolled, 20 patients were eligible and 15 patients completed the scheduled course of treatment. For antitumor efficacy in patients with carcinoma ovarii, 1 patient showed partial response (PR), 10 showed no changes (NC) (2 showed minor response (MR)), and 25 had progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate was 2.8% (1/36). Of patients with carcinoma colli uteri, 7 patients showed no changes (NC) (1 patient showed minor response (MR)), 8 patients had progressive disease (PD). Major adverse reactions included 64/65 (98.5%) leukopenia, 56/59 (94.9%) neutropenia, 40/60 (61.5%) decrease of hemoglobin, 12/64 (18.8%) thrombocytopenia, 30/65 (46.2%) anorexia, 23/65 (35.4%) nausea/vomiting, 37/65 (56.9%) alopecia, and 26/65 (40.0%) fatigue, all of which were mild.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1994

[Early phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel) in patients with primary pulmonary cancer. Docetaxel Cooperative Study Group for Lung Cancer].

An early phase II clinical study of RP56976 (Docetaxel), a new anticancer agent of plant origin, was conducted in patients with primary pulmonary cancer as a multicentered study involving 28 Japanese institutions. Docetaxel was administered at an intravenous dose of 60 mg/m2 based on the results of a phase I clinical study, and efficacy and safety were examined. Of the 65 patients enrolled, 57 patients were evaluated to have completed the scheduled course of treatment by the Evaluation Committee. The antitumor effect in patients with non-small cell lung cancer was 21.4% (9/42). In patients not previously treated, the antitumor effect was 30.0% (6/20), in patients previously treated the antitumor effect was 13.6% (3/22), and in 13.3% (2/15) of patients with small cell lung cancer. This shows that docetaxel had an efficacy for non-small cell lung cancer. Hematological adverse reactions included leukopenia and neutropenia of Grade III or more as specified in the Adverse Event Reporting Form proposed by the Japan Society for Cancer Therapy in 53.3% (32/60) and 78.3% (47/60) patients, respectively. Other major adverse reactions included alopecia and anorexia. Neurological symptoms developed at a low frequency and were mild in severity.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Late phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer].

A late phase II clinical study of RP56976 (Docetaxel) was conducted in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer in Stage IIIB and Stage IV not previously treated were enrolled. Docetaxel was administered at a dose of 60 mg/m2 based on the results of a phase I and an early phase II clinical study, and the efficacy and safety were examined. Of the 77 patients enrolled, 72 patients were evaluated to have completed the scheduled course of treatment by the Evaluation Committee. A partial response (PR) was seen in 18 patients, and the overall response rate was 25.0%. The response rate classified by clinical stage was 28.0% (7/25) in patients with Stage IIIB and 23.4% (11/47) in patients with Stage IV. Hematological adverse reactions included leukopenia of Grade III or more in 53.3% (40/75) and neutropenia of Grade III or more in 86.7% (65/75) as specified in the Adverse Event Reporting Form proposed by the Japan Society for Cancer Therapy. Other major adverse reactions included alopecia, asthenia, and fever, all of which were tolerable. From these results, the efficacy of docetaxel for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer was confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Late phase II clinical study of RP56976 (docetaxel) in patients with advanced/recurrent breast cancer].

A late phase II clinical study of RP56976 (Docetaxel), a new semisynthetic anticancer agent, was conducted in patients with advanced/recurrent breast cancer. RP56976 (Docetaxel) was in general administered at an intravenous dose of 60 mg/m2 with dose-free intervals of 3-4 weeks. Of the 74 patients enrolled, 64 patients completed the scheduled course of treatment. Three patients showed complete response (CR), 32 patients partial response (PR), 3 patients minor response (MR), 18 patients no change (NC), and 8 patients had progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate was 54.7%. The response rate in patients who previously had received chemotherapy was 55.7%, and the response rate in patients who had resistance to anthracycline agents or who did not respond to previous treatment was 58.7%. Adverse reactions included nausea/vomiting in 38 patients (57.6%), fatigue in 46 patients (69.7%), anorexia in 46 patients (69.7%), fever in 26 patients (39.4%), and alopecia in 60 patients (90.9%), all of which were tolerable. Abnormal laboratory findings included leukopenia (Grade III or more) in 57 patients (86.4%) and neutropenia (Grade III or more) in 56 patients (86.2%). The results show that RP56976 (Docetaxel) is an excellent agent with high antitumor effect for the treatment of advanced/recurrent breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Therapeutic strategy for anaplastic carcinoma and malignant lymphoma of the thyroid].

Therapeutic strategies for anaplastic carcinoma and malignant lymphoma of the thyroid are reviewed. Because of the rarity of both diseases among thyroid malignancies, the generally accepted treatment policy has not been established, although the importance of radiation therapy and chemotherapy has been well recognized for the treatment of both diseases. Hyperfractionated radiation therapy combined with suitable systemic chemotherapy will counter anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and prolong survival. Most patients with thyroid malignant lymphoma have better prognoses than anaplastic carcinoma patients. But delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment still results in a poor prognosis, in spite of the more treatable characteristics of thyroid malignant lymphoma than anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. At present, early detection of the tumor and selection of a suitable therapy is necessary for the improvement of prognosis, and further clinical studies are required to establish effective regimens for multidisciplinary treatment.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Nephrotic syndrome in the elderly--clinicopathological study.

Clinical and pathological findings and the effects of therapy were investigated in 90 cases of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in elderly patients aged over 60 years. Membranous nephropathy was the most frequent type of primary NS. Amyloidosis and malignancy were common causes of secondary NS. Damage to the interstitium in the kidney, such as focal mononuclear cell infiltration, fibrosis and thickening of the small arterial wall in membranous cases, was often observed. Stage I and II based on electron-microscopy, were mainly observed in the patients, with membranous nephropathy. Prednisolone and immunosuppressive agent were most effective in these patients with membranous nephropathy. Prednisolone alone was the most effective on minimal change NS in the elderly. In the course of therapy, side effects such as pneumonia, sepsis due to fungus infections, such as aspergillus and candida, and infection, such as cytomegalovirus and herpes zoster, were more frequently observed, especially in the cases of MPGN, DPGN with moderate to severe mesangial proliferation, with a decline in renal function (Ccr < 50 L/day) and secondary NS. In secondary NS, the prognosis of amyloidosis was very poor and the findings pointed to a relationship between malignancy and nephrotic syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Antitumor activity of LY 188011, a new deoxycytidine analog, against human cancers xenografted into nude mice].

LY 188011 (gemcitabine hydrochloride) was evaluated for its antitumor effect in fifteen human tumors xenografted in nude mice from seven gastric, two colorectal, two breast, two lung and two liver cancer lines, in the latter four of which the results were compared with those obtained with mitomycin C. LY 188011 significantly reduced the volume of tumor xenografts in seven lines, including drug-resistant colorectal and lung cancer lines. The antitumor effect of LY 188011 was further confirmed by pathological observation. Moreover, LY 188011 has shown to be significantly more potent in two lung cancer models than mitomycin C. Administration of LY 188011 induced less side effect; early loss of body weight was observed in four lines out of fifteen tested. These data suggest that LY 188011 seemed to be an excellent candidate in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Interleukin-2 (IL-2)].

Interleukin-2, a polypeptide lymphokine that induces proliferation of antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T cells, was first described as "T-cell growth factor" by Morgan et al. in 1976. IL-2 is one of several lymphocyte-produced messenger regulatory molecules that modulate immunocyte function. The main secretory source of IL-2 is the T-helper cell. In 1983, Taniguchi and colleagues isolated a human IL-2 complementary DNA clone from a high-producer Jurkat leukemic cell line, and established its nucleotide sequence. In 1984, Rosenberg et al. described the isolation of cDNA clones of the gene for IL-2 from the Jurkat cell line, its expression in Escherichia coli and its biological characteristics. The mature secreted protein contains 133 amino acids, constituting a calculated molecular weight of 15,420. Since the discovery of IL-2 and its T-cell growth-promoting activity, extensive research has revealed the complex nature of its immunologic effects, both in vitro and in vivo. The immunopotentiating activities, encouraging in vitro results, plus successful therapy of animal tumors in preclinical studies provided the rationale for investigation of IL-2 in patients with advanced malignancy and immunodeficiencies. The IL-2 receptor has been found to have an unexpected by unusual structure in that it is composed of two separate chains designated alpha (p75) and beta (p55). Recently, it has been discovered the 3rd gamma-chain by Sugamura et al. Clinical trials of IL-2 in patients with cancer have been done by many researchers. The clinical trials has reviewed briefly.

Animals↗