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Biomedical subjects

T T Salmi

Publications and source records attributed to T T Salmi.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Recovery of blood B-lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulins after chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Recovery of humoral immunity after cessation of chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was investigated by determining blood leukocyte, lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte, and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels and IgG subclasses at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after cessation of chemotherapy for ALL in 14 patients. Blood B-lymphocytes were analyzed with the use of flow cytometry and monoclonal CD20 antibody. At cessation of chemotherapy, the amount of blood B-lymphocytes was subnormal in most patients but increased to normal levels in 1 month after therapy was discontinued. The recovery of serum Ig, which reflect B-cell function, was slower, but occurred by 6 months after therapy was discontinued in most patients. The authors conclude that by 6 months after cessation of chemotherapy for ALL, a sufficiently functioning immune system by these parameters is established and that prophylactic antibiotics can be withdrawn and immunizations started.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Wolman disease: morphological, clinical and genetic studies on the first Scandinavian cases.

On the Aland Islands, a 1-month-old girl was diagnosed as having Wolman disease. The diagnosis was confirmed neurochemically; a decreased activity of acid lipase was noted in the proband and her parents had typical carrier values. This is the first Scandinavian case reported. The skin biopsy revealed cytoplasmic accumulations identical to those noted in two sibs who highly probably had Wolman disease during the 1950s. Both these sibs died at the age of about 3 months and presented a heavy accumulation of lipid material in lymph nodes, spleen, adrenal glands, liver, gut, and also some pathological alterations in other organs. Electron microscopic findings from deparaffinized samples showed cytoplasmic accumulation of lipid material similar to that noted in Wolman disease. Genealogical analyses revealed that the index families had ancestors from the same restricted area and also common ancestors during the 17th century. The parents of the two affected sibs were born on a small island and were related in many different ways. On the basis of genealogical studies and other genetic investigations performed, the importance of founder and drift effect for manifestations of rare hereditary disorder in isolates is stressed.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1992

Superior treatment results in females with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood.

In this population-based study, 808 children aged 1-15 years from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, were diagnosed between July 1981 and June 1986 as suffering from non-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The total population was 4.5 million children. Remission was achieved in 770/808 of the patients (95%). No sex difference in the remission rate was observed. The event free survival (EFS) at 102 months was 0.47 for males and 0.62 for females (p less than 0.001). There was no difference in EFS between males and females with standard-risk (0.58 and 0.60) or intermediate-risk (0.47 and 0.60) ALL, respectively. The EFS for females with high-risk ALL (0.68) was superior to that of males with high-risk ALL (0.31). Cox multivariant analysis showed that white blood cell count, sex, age and thrombocyte count were significant prognostic factors in all children. The intensified treatment according to the prognostic factors used in this study led to equal EFS for females with ALL from all risk groups. Males with high-risk ALL, however, did not benefit from the intensified treatment.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Measles vaccination after exposure to natural measles.

When an extensive measles epidemic broke out in Turku in late 1975, the availability of a previous study on measles vaccination reactions in 442 children permitted a comparative evaluation to be made on reactions to and the efficacy of measles vaccine (Schwartz strain) administered after exposure to natural measles. In a preliminary study, nine children were vaccinated one to 14 days after exposure to natural measles but before prodromal symptoms appeared. Only one of these nine children developed symptoms and signs comparable to those of the natural disease. In five day-care centers the children were vaccinated when five or more children out of 30 to 40 at each center had measles. In only five of 74 exposed children were the signs and symptoms comparable to those of natural measles. No marked differences in signs and symptoms after the vaccinations were observed between the exposed and nonexposed children. It is concluded that vaccination is safe, can usually prevent measles, even when administered after a prolonged interval following exposure to natural disease, and can usually control an epidemic in progress.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Central nervous system involvement in patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis.

Two children with rotavirus gastroenteritis are presented. The first case developed a fatal Reye's syndrome and the other one encephalitis with slow recovery. The rotavirus diagnosis was made in both cases by electron microscopy and a significant rise in antibody titres to Nebraska calf diarrhea virus was seen in one of the two patients.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1978

[Vaccinations].

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Child Health Services↗
PubMed1978

[Kawasaki disease].

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Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

[Acidocillin concentration in middle ear exudate].

Acidocillin levels were determined in the middle ear exudates and serum of patients with acute exudative otitis media after oral administration of the drug. Acidocillin rapidly diffused exudate into the ear and its level in the exudate in 1 hour was 0-1.7 gamma/ml. At the same time the serum levels ranges within 4 to 25 gamma/ml. acidocillin remained longer in the ear exudate than in the serum. In 12 hours 0.2 to 1.3 gamma/ml of acidocillin was still found in the exudates, while there was no antibiotic in the serum.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Central nervous system disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: prognostic factors and results of treatment.

In the five Nordic countries, 808 children 1 to 15 years of age (428 boys, 380 girls) were diagnosed with non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from July 1981 through June 1986. Complete remission was achieved in 770 children (95%). Central nervous system (CNS) involvement at diagnosis was noticed in 34 children, of whom 26 achieved remission. Of these 26 patients 11 subsequently relapsed, 5 in the central nervous system. An interim analysis in January 1990 (observation time 3 1/2 to 8 1/2 years) revealed that isolated CNS relapse had occurred in 70 children (9.0%). Of these 70 patients, 12 out of 142 children (8.5%) had initially received irradiation and 58 out of 628 children (9.2%) only chemotherapy as CNS-prophylaxis. There was a significant higher risk for boys (12%) than for girls (6%) to relapse in the CNS compartment. Unfavorable prognostic factors for survival after isolated CNS relapse were short duration of first remission and male sex. In high-risk patients after an isolated CNS relapse, there was no difference in prognosis related to treatment with or without irradiation as initial CNS prophylaxis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗