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Biomedical subjects

T Svoboda

Publications and source records attributed to T Svoboda.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Body weight and selected hematologic and biochemical parameters in calves fed various diets during milk feeding].

The objective of the present paper was to obtain haematological and biochemical parameters of calves during their milk feeding. Another goal was to compare a current feed ration containing the commercial feed mixture Biosan with two alternative rations comprising skimmed milk and fat supplement. The effect of milk drink acidification and the effect of the physical form of fat added to skimmed milk were investigated. the calves were divided into six groups, by 6 to 8 calves each (P1-Biosan, PP1-acid variant, P2-skimmed milk+fat concentrate powder KMKS, PP2-acid variant, P3-skimmed milk+fat paste, PP3-acid variant). The highest average daily liveweight gains were recorded in calves fed on unacidified skimmed milk with fat paste supplement (1.074 kg)-Tab. I. The highest average daily liveweight gains were observed in calves fed on fat paste enriched milk drink (P3) while the calves administered milk with fat concentrate powder (P2) had only slightly higher average daily weight gains than the calves on Biosan diet (group P1). The growth of daily weight gains as a result of diets containing acidified milk (PP1 and PP2) is also a positive finding; this growth is even statistically significant in the former case (P < 0.05). The calves showed hypohaemoglobinaemia from the beginning of the experiment (51.3-69.0 g/l) and the low haematocrit value (0.29-0.43 l/l), Tab. II, while the plasma iron level was paradoxically high (Tab. V).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of prolactinoma with a new dopamine agonist].

Eleven patients (6 men, 5 women, mean age 42 [25-65] years) with prolactinomas were treated for 4-16 months with a new dopamine agonist (CV 205-502), at a daily dose of between 0.075 and 0.45 mg. All patients had previously undergone surgery and/or been treated with bromocriptine or lisuride, but had not tolerated this therapy well, and/or had not shown sufficient suppression of serum prolactin levels. Baseline prolactin levels were between 149 and 4120 ng/ml. During treatment, levels fell significantly in all patients, to between 2.0 and 683 ng/ml, and to within the reference range in five patients. In seven patients, the adenoma size decreased by 10 to greater than 50%. Adverse reactions were less frequent and less marked than with the prior therapy. The new dopamine agonist is an alternative treatment for prolactinomas where other therapies have been unsuccessful.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Basal and stimulated plasma levels of pancreatic amylin indicate its co-secretion with insulin in humans.

Amylin is a 37-amino acid pancreatic polypeptide, probably involved in the pathophysiology of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. We have determined amylin in human plasma by extraction-based radioimmunoassay (Sep-Pak C18). Of 23 healthy control subjects plasma amylin was determined as 11.9 +/- 3.5 ng/l. Of 27 patients with Type 2 diabetes receiving insulin the amylin levels were lower, and in 16 patients with Type 2 diabetes on oral medication they were higher than in the control subjects; 8.2 +/- 4.4 ng/l (p less than 0.01) vs 18.8 +/- 9.9 ng/l (p less than 0.05). In 14 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients we found extremely low mean amounts of amylin: 2.9 +/- 1.9 ng/l (p less than 0.002). Thus, basal amylin appears to be associated with the capacity to release insulin. An oral glucose load stimulated the release of amylin, this was more pronounced in patients with Type 2 diabetes than in healthy subjects. An excellent correlation of mean amylin with mean insulin concentrations was obtained (r = 0.949). In patients with Type 2 diabetes amylin was reduced congruent to decreases in C-peptide during a hyperinsulinaemic, euglycaemic glucose clamp experiment (r = 0.971 for linear correlation between C-peptide levels and amylin). We conclude, that amylin and insulin are co-secreted in humans, and that the amylin release is under feedback-control by insulin.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of cellulase on calves fed an acidified milk diet].

The purpose of this research was to establish the influence of 3 j Cx cellulase applied per gram of COT concentrate mixture, fed in combination with a milk diet acidified by formic acid to the value of pH 4.6, on calf growth performance in one metabolism and two field experiments. In the metabolism experiment two groups of calves, with six animals in each, were fed acidified whole milk, which was diluted stage by stage till weaning at 60 days of age. The average live weight gain in the control at the end of the milk feeding period, i.e. from 14 to 60 days of age, was 29.90 kg. This corresponds to a daily live weight gain of 0.650 g. The total live weight gain of male calves in the experimental group was 29.30 kg, corresponding to a daily live weight gain of 0.638 g (Tab. I). Tab. II shows the average feed and nutrient intakes per kg live weight gain. The calves which received the enzyme supplement tend to have the higher feed conversion rate. During the forage feeding period, i.e. from 61 to 90 days of age, the average daily live weight gains were 1.10 kg and 0.980 kg in the control and experimental groups, respectively (Tab. III). The average live weight of 90 days old male calves was 107.70 kg and 103.90 kg in the control and experimental groups, respectively. The amount of consumed nutrients (digestible protein and starch units); in relation to the total feed intakes, is lower in the experimental groups, which proves the higher feed conversion rate (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1990

[Determination of the effects of feeding cold soured milk to calves under normal conditions].

The effect of cold milk drink on selected biochemical and haematological parameters in calves blood during the milk nutrition period was observed in farm conditions, as compared with the current feeding regime. The test group was offered cold sour milk drink (one 1 MKS Laktosan acidulated with addition of 22 ml formic acid to a pH of 4.6) at the temperature of 16 degrees C after four-day-adaption till the calves average age of 61 days. The control group was given MKS Laktosan in the usual way, using the same amount of the drink and time of serving it. During the test the performance was recorded, as well as haemoglobine content, total protein, haematocrit, urea, glucose, cholesterol, transaminase (ALT and AST) activities and alkaline blood reserves. In the studied parameters no significant differences were found between the test and control group (P greater than 0.05). The average daily gains of live weight during the period of milk nutrition was 0.762 kg in the test group and 0.667 kg in the control group.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental models of arthritis induced by various cartilage collagen type].

To laboratory rats of Wistar strain (Ipcv: Wist) native collagenous types of pig cartilage--II, IX and XI and the denatured type XI were administered. The first immunization dose, 0.5 mg collagen per experimental animal, was administered in incomplete Freund adjuvant and the second immunization dose (collagen in solution) followed after 7 days and was administered by the i.p. route. Inflammatory arthritis of the small interphalangeal, metatarsophalangeal and tarsal joints developed between the 11th and 17th day of the experiment in rats immunized with native collagen type II and XI--60% of the animals were affected. The histological findings corresponded to the course of arthritis, however, the articular destructive changes after administration of collagen type XI were more severe than after type II. The changes were evaluated by X-ray and by means of thermovision. The antibody levels against different types of collagen assessed by means of the ELISA test reached peak values between the 13th and 20th day of the experiment. In the group of rats immunized by collagen type IX and the denatured type XI arthritis did not develop. The antibody response in the group of rats immunized with type IX was similar as in the group immunized with types II and XI. Histological examination confirmed some changes in the joints of rats immunized with collagen type IX, while in the joints of rats immunized with denatured collagen type XI no changes were found.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Spontaneous acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Sprague-Dawley rats. II. Clinicopathologic observations.

Spontaneous acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-SD) was diagnosed in a breeding colony of isohistogenic Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals younger than one year of age died approximately 1 to 2 weeks after the onset of the disease and represented approximately 17% of the total rat population. Clinically, the affected rats showed mainly spinal cord paralysis and enlargement of mandibular lymph nodes. Gross lesions were characterized by hepatosplenomegaly and enlargement of visceral lymph nodes. Histological examination of affected tissues and cells revealed generalized infiltration of blast cells accompanied by focal hemorrhages and necrosis. According to the FAB classification, it was concluded that ALL-SD corresponds to ALL type L2 in man. Therefore this leukemia of young rats may be an important model system for the study of human leukemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of biotechnological treatment of milk-replacer feeding mixtures on hematologic and biochemical parameters and its utilization in calves].

A trial was performed with cellulase administration (3 cx per g of ingested feed dry matter) to early weaned calves fed minimum amounts of milk replacer (21 kg per milk nutrition period) and sweet (C, D) and sour (A, B) diets. The groups B and D were supplemented with an enzyme till the age of 90 days. The calves were given free choice of COT concentrate mixture, hay and water. Liveweight gains, feed and nutrient intake and health condition of calves were the characteristics investigated in this trial. Hematocrit value, hemoglobin, glucose and urea contents were determined in blood, in blood plasma buffer capacity was investigated. Although the differences in calf performance are not statistically significant, the best growth of calves in the vegetable nutrition period was observed in calves in group D. Nutrient conversion was also higher in calves of group D in the vegetable nutrition period. In conversion of nutrient consumption per 1 kg liveweight gain the difference in the intake of digestible crude protein and starch units between the group of calves fed sweet milk without enzyme addition in the milk nutrient period (A--digestible crude protein 0.40 +/- 0.005; starch units 1.74 +/- 0.008) and group D (sour diet + 3 cx cellulase--digestible crude protein 0.34 +/- 0.007; starch units 1.52 +/- 0.044) was statistically significant (P less than 0.025 and P less than 0.05) in favour of group D. An analysis of the results of hematological and biochemical investigations during the trial demonstrates that the sour diet is better in view of changes in glucose concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1976

[Milk ejection in goats and its influencing by feed].

By means of an experimental i.v. and i.m. oxytocin administration the quantitative relation between the amount of oxytocin and the quantity of ejected milk in goats was confirmed. With increasing oxytocin doses the latency period after the i.v. administration shortened, from 0.33 min. after 50 mU to 0.21 min. following 1000 mU. After the 2000 mU dose the latency period did not substantially change any more (0.18 min). The situation was nevertheless different after the i.m. oxytocin administration. No ejection followed after the 50 mU dose. Beginning with the 500 mU dose the latency period shortened, from 2.91 min. to 1.30 min. after the 2000 mU dose. With both administration manners the ejection time was prolonged up to the 1000 mU dose, then it did not substantially change. Similarly also the amount of ejected milk increased with the two administration methods up to 1000 mU, amounting to 20.6% after the i.v. and to 17.9% after i.m. administration. After 2000 mU the amount of milk ejected failed to substantially change, amounting to 19.4% with both administration manners. In experiments with manual udder stimulation with respect to feeding, the stimuli during feeding were found to influence the course of the milk ejection reflex. As compared with the pre-feeding experiments, the latency period after feeding was prolonged from 0.83 min. to 1.49 min; the amount of alveolar milk expressed in per cent of the total milk yield obtained decreased from 18.9 to 7.9%, and the ejection time shortened from 2.29 to 0.70 min. In the study the effect of various feeds on the alveolar milk ejection was also followed. Water administration did not call forth dropping off of the milk. Feeding hay called forth the ejection of 2.5% of alveolar milk occurring after an 0.25 min. latency period. Pollard provoked the ejection of 3% and the ejection time shortened from 2.29 toats (20%) can at least partially be ascribed to milk release during food intake.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Determination of phosphonic acids in ruminal fluid].

A technique has been worked out for determining amino alkyl phosphonic acids in ruminal fluid by using methods of hydrolysis, partition of the phosphonic acid on a cation exchange column and ashing of the eluate. After evaporation to total dryness the phosphonic acids were determined as phosphates. The amounts of acid found in the ruminal fluid of goats varied between 0.4 and 1.1 muMol/ml. In view of the fact that these acids are microbial compounds it will appear that any change in the amount of compounds produced in the rumen would indicate changes in the concentration of the microbial mass in the rumen.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopic resection of surface metastases in liver--description of the technique.

Recently, the laparoscopic approach has been used more frequently for liver resection. The authors describe the method of laparoscopic resection of surface as well as subcapsulary metastases, which had previously been destroyed by radiofrequency ablation. This technique provides relatively easy, complete removal of the tumorous tissue. The disadvantages of the described technique are limited use (it is suitable only for surface lesions) and increased financial costs.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of monensin on performance and selected biochemical and hematological parameters in the blood of calves].

The aim of this study was to find out the influence of monensin, a ionophore antibiotic, on calf performance and selected physiological parameters. Monensin is a product of Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It has effects on all Gram-negative microbes, such as Escherichia coli, salmonellas, pseudomonads and vibria. It has a small effect on Gram-positive microbes. At the beginning of the experiment eight young crossbred bulls (C x N) at the age of three weeks were weighted and divided into two groups, experimental and control ones. Calves were kept in individual boxes and fed acidified whole milk (2 ml of 85% formic acid per 1 litre of milk). They had a free access to concentrates (COT), hay and drinking water. The calves received 3 lt. of whole milk twice a day until the age of eight weeks. 0.5 mg of monensin per 1 kg live weight were served orally to calves of the experimental group every day. Monensin was made by the Spofa Corporation, Prague. Daily intake of feed was recorded and the calves were weighted once a week. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein before the beginning of the experiment, and in the period from the fifth to the tenth week of age, always before morning feeding. The average daily live weight gain was 0.452 kg and 0.471 kg for the control and experimental group, respectively, during the milk feeding period, the index being 104.2 (Tab. I). Tab. II shows the average feed intake per 1 kg live weight gain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CD44v6 as a prognostic factor in cervical carcinoma FIGO stage IB.

The aim of our study was to clarify whether CD44v6 evaluation can serve as a universally applicable prognostic factor in patients with FIGO stage IB cervical carcinoma. A retrospective study was performed on 178 FIGO stage IB (142 IB N0, 36 IB N1) radically operated cervical carcinoma patients. The expression of CD44v6 was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The prognostic significance of established prognostic factors and CD44v6 expression was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. To test the reproducibility and to account for interobserver variability, all specimens were evaluated independently at two institutions. Two different IHC scoring systems, several cut-off levels for CD44v6 positivity and several statistical methods for IHC results evaluation were used. In a univariate analysis, the most significant prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) was lymph node status (p<0.001) followed by tumor volume, LVSI, GOG score (p<0.01) and a deep stromal invasion (p = 0.06). We found a strong correlation between CD44v6 expression and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (SCC vs. adenocarcinoma - p<0.001) and between CD44v6 expression and deep stromal invasion, LVSI and GOG score (p<0.05). The CD44v6 expression was not a statistically significant prognostic factor for OS in a univariate analysis (p=0.39 Vienna; p=0.54 Freiburg). In a multivariate analysis, the most significant prognostic factor for OS was lymph node status (p =0.002), followed by tumor diameter and LVSI (p<0.05). CD44v6 expression was not a statistically significant prognostic factor for OS or disease-free interval (DFI) independent of the scoring method used. In conclusion, we demonstrated that CD44v6 expression is associated with LVSI, deep stromal invasion and SCC, but has no prognostic influence on OS and DFI in a population of 178 women with FIGO stage IB cervical carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of cartilage minor collagens in inducing arthritis.

Arthritogenic properties of native types IX, XI, and II collagen were investigated in female Wistar rats. Immunization with native type-XI or -II collagen led to the arthritic reaction in 60% of investigated rats. After boosting, a distinct increase in anticollagen antibodies was observed followed by temperature rise (swelling and redness of affected joints). At the end of the experiment (after 7 weeks) subchondral bone destruction was detectable upon x-ray examination. Histological observation of the affected knee and ankle joints showed progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone accompanied by proliferative synovitis with extensive formation of fibrous tissue found in joints of rats immunized with native type-XI collagen. Immune response to collagen types (determined by ELISA) reached its peak between the 14th and the 21st day. From the acute stage to the chronic stage a decrease of serum anticollagen antibodies was observed to remain constant. Rats immunized with native type IX and denatured type XI collagen did not develop arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The visiting lectureship on aboriginal health: an educational initiative at the University of Toronto.

Many recent reports on Aboriginal issues have identified three major deficits in Canadian universities: a lack of Aboriginal curriculum content, a lack of faculty role models, and low student enrollment. Many health professional schools have responded by recruiting more Aboriginal students and by introducing Native content into their curricula. This paper describes the six-year experience of the annual program of the Visiting Lectureship on Native Health at the University of Toronto as one of the ways to increase the Aboriginal curricular content. The three-week program covers the selected Aboriginal health issue by sequentially exploring its historical background, the extent of the current problem and its future solutions. Over six years, 37 Native speakers delivered 83 lectures, 19 public fora and 98 seminars and workshops to 3 universities and 12 professional and community agencies. Over 7,900 individuals have participated in the program and the response has been very positive.

American Indian or Alaska Native↗