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Biomedical subjects

T Someya

Publications and source records attributed to T Someya.

122 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Drug susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens].

Eighty-eight strains of staphylococci were isolated from a variety of specimens collected from patients at our university hospital from June to August 1982. These strains were identified as Staphylococcus aureus (86%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (6.8%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (2.3%), Staphylococcus capitis (2.3%), and Staphylococcus simulans (1.1%). One strain could not be identified with certainty as a currently recognized species. A majority (70%) of the S. aureus strains was resistant to two or more of the following drugs; penicillin G, kanamycin, doxycycline, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol. As for susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics, most of the strains that were resistant to penicillin G were also resistant to aminobenzyl penicillin and cephalexin. Whereas none of the strains was resistant to methicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, nor cefmetazole, and only a few strains were resistant to cefoperazone or cefazolin or both. Over 50% of the S. aureus strains were found to be resistant to each of four aminoglycosides (Kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and sagamicin), while only 5% of the strains were resistant to amikacin. Multiple resistance to the above four aminoglycosides was observed among more than 40% of the S. aureus strains, and also observed among three of six strains of S. epidermidis.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1985

A study of the phototoxicity of lemon oil.

Lemon oil contains furocoumarin derivatives and is known to cause phototoxicity. In this study, lemon oil was fractionated, and its phototoxic activity was measured by means of a biological assay. The substances producing phototoxicity were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography as being oxypeucedanin and bergapten. The phototoxic potency of oxypeucedanin was only one-quarter of that of bergapten. However, the amounts of these two phototoxic compounds present in lemon oils produced in different regions of the world varied by a factor of more than 20 (bergapten, 4-87 ppm; oxypeucedanin, 26-728 ppm), and their ratio was not constant. The two compounds accounted for essentially all of the phototoxic activity of all lemon-oil samples. Among various other citrus-essential oils investigated, lime oil and bitter-orange oil also contained large amounts of oxypeucedanin. Oxypeucedanin was found to elicit photopigmentation on colored-guinea-pig skin without preceding visible erythema.

5-Methoxypsoralen↗
PubMed1985

Thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma: overcoming heterogeneity in drug sensitivity.

Endo B (melanotic) and W (amelanotic) human malignant melanomas originated from the same tumor, both known to be heterogeneous in drug sensitivity to ACNU [( 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)-methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitroso- urea hydrochloride]), were treated experimentally with a combination therapy of ACNU and hyperthermia in mice. Whereas Endo W melanoma has no sensitivity, Endo B melanoma is sensitive to ACNU alone. However, in both types of melanomas, a marked synergistic effect of the combination therapy was noted. Histologically, marked degeneration of both tumor cells was detected. These results strongly suggest that thermochemotherapy may overcome the tumor heterogeneity in drug sensitivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Lymphocyte subsets in HLA-DR2-positive narcoleptic patients.

On the basis of our recent finding that all narcoleptic patients were HLA-DR2 positive, peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were examined in 30 HLA-DR2 positive narcoleptic patients by using monoclonal antibodies and a flow cytometry. The percentages of OKIa1+ cells and OKM1+ cells increased significantly, while no quantitative changes were observed in the T cell subsets examined in the present study. No major immunological abnormalities which altered the T cell subpopulations quantitatively were apparent in narcolepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Mutagenesis of amino and/or methyl analogs of acridine in Salmonella and yeast: a comparison between the spot-test and the pre-incubation methods].

The relationship between mutagenic activities and chemical structure of acridine derivatives was examined by using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1537 and TA 1977 and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Most analogs with amino and/or methyl group(s) caused frameshift-type mutation in Salmonella without mammalian microsomal enzyme activation. The 9-amino analogs were strong mutagens and mutagenicity was also increased when 10-position was methylated in 1-amino and 2-amino compounds. However, 9-amino derivatives did not cause mitochondrial mutation in yeast, where 3,6-diamino and/or 10-methyl groups were structural requisites for significant mutagenic activity. In comparison with the pre-incubation method, the spot-test method was shown to be less sensitive. The mutagenicity of some compounds could not be detected by the spot-test method. Mutagenic activities of these drugs were revealed and increased markedly with an increase in pre-incubation period up to 20 min, suggesting that the pre-incubation of tester bacteria with a compound prior to a mutagenicity assay is necessary for the detection of mutagenesis of these compounds.

Acridines↗
PubMed1984

Thermochemotherapy for malignant melanoma: combination therapy of ACNU and hyperthermia in mice.

B16 melanoma (mouse melanoma) and C24 melanoma (human malignant melanoma) transplanted in mice were treated by a combined therapy of ACNU [1-(4-amino-2-methyl - 5 - pyrimidinyl) - methyl - 3 - (2 - chlorethyl) - 3 - nitrosourea hydrochloride] (10 mg/kg) and hyperthermia (43 degrees C, 30 min). In both types of melanoma, a marked synergistic effect of the combined therapy was noted. Particularly in C24 melanoma a reduction in the size of tumor was observed. Histopathologic findings revealed a strong degeneration such as destruction of the tumor structure and vacuolization of nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perceived parenting pattern and response to antidepressants in patients with major depression.

BACKGROUND: No systematic study has been conducted to explore the relationship of dysfunctional parenting early in life, as measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), to outcomes of depression, although a number of studies have related parenting behaviors to the development of depression in adulthood. METHODS: The relationship between PBI scores and 4-month outcomes after treatment with antidepressants was explored in 60 outpatients with major depression, controlling for potentially confounding factors. RESULTS: A multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that low levels of paternal care, unmarried condition, non-melancholic features, and a high isolation tendency were all factors that contributed to poor outcomes for depression. The predictive power of low paternal care was not influenced by levels of depression or neuroticism. LIMITATION: This study did not attempt to explore whether the effects of parenting of father and mother on outcomes for depression may differ between male and female subjects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that low levels of paternal care may be an independent predictor of a poor response to treatment with adequate antidepressants.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychoeducation for the families of patients with eating disorders and changes in expressed emotion: A preliminary study.

Psychosocial variables such as expressed emotion (EE) have prognostic significance, and family psychoeducation has been developed to aid in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders. This study reports relationships among EE, family factors, and symptoms observed while conducting multifamily psychoeducation for eating disorders. Group sessions were held once a month for the relatives of patients with DSM-IV eating disorders, and the group met for five sessions that included both education and problem-solving. Thirty-seven relatives volunteered to participate in our program, and of these, 28 completed the program. EE (as measured by the Five-Minute Speech Sample [FMSS]), family function (as measured by the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales [FACES]), the family's mental state (as measured by the Profile of Mood States [POMS]), and patient's symptoms (as measured by the Eating Disorder Evaluation Scales [EDES] and Global Assessment of Functioning [GAF] on clinician evaluations, and by the Anorexic Behavior Observation Scale [ABOS] assessment of the family) were administered at both the first and final sessions. The rates of high-EE relatives tended to decrease (especially high emotional overinvolvement [EOI]), and families' assessment of symptoms was also significantly improved. Twice-repeated multivariate analysis of variance (MANCOVA) showed that EOI, ABOS, and POMS scores were changed significantly during the sessions. Psychoeducation for the family members of patients with eating disorders might help lower distress and encourage positive interactions within the family. EE is an important measure in evaluations of psychoeducation. However, a randomized, controlled trial is needed to clarify the efficacy of this treatment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Midazolam and somatosensory evoked potentials.

The effect of midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine, on the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) following strong electrical stimulation of the upper lip, was investigated in Wistar albino rats. SEPs were recorded from the surface of the skull in the contralateral temporal area. A computer was used to obtain the averaged SEPs. The rats received intraperitoneal dosages of 1.25, 2.5, or 5.0 mg/kg of midazolam, or physiological saline. Relative amplitudes of the P(1)N(1) wave were reduced significantly after midazolam injection. Amplitude recovered to the control level about 120 min after the injection in the 1.25 mg/kg group. In 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg groups, midazolam-induced suppression did not recover within 120 min. No significant differences were found in the latencies of P(1) and N(1) before and after midazolam injection. It is suggested that midazolam has a mild analgesic effect due to central suppression of the pain perception following noxious stimuli.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Midazolam does not affect the field potentials in the caudal part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus.

The effect of midazolam on the field potentials (FPs) in the caudal part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus following strong electrical stimulation of the upper lip was investigated in Wistar albino rats. The rats received i.p. dosages of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg midazolam, or physiological saline. Relative amplitudes of the negative deflection were not suppressed after midazolam injection. No significant differences were found in the latencies of the potentials before and after midazolam injection. It is suggested that the main action site of midazolam may be located at a higher level than the spinal trigeminal nucleus.

Animals↗