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T Someya

Publications and source records attributed to T Someya.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Differences in symptom structure between panic attack and limited symptom panic attack: a study using cluster analysis.

We had investigated the clinical characteristics of panic disorder (PD) in a Japanese outpatient population comprised of more than 250 patients diagnosed as having PD during a 13-year study period and observed that some PD patients had both panic attacks (PA) and limited symptom panic attacks (LPA). In the criteria for PD based on the Diagnostic and Statistics Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition-revised (DSM-III-R), episodes involving four or more symptoms are classified as PA, while those involving fewer than four symptoms are described as LPA. Therefore, LPA is identified as part of an episode of PA, since the difference between the two episodes is only in the number of symptoms. However, some recent research suggests that there is a distinct subgroup of individuals who suffer LPA. Using cluster analysis, we investigated the differences between PA and LPA groups in terms of the structures of several panic symptoms, which included anticipatory anxiety, agoraphobia and 13 clinical symptoms based on the DSM-III-R at the time of panic attacks, in 247 patients with PD. Cluster analysis revealed clusters of three and four panic symptoms in the PA group and LPA group, respectively, and there were also differences in symptom structure between the two groups. These results suggest that there may be a subgroup of individuals who show LPA among PD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The symptom structure of panic disorder: a trial using factor and cluster analysis.

Using cluster analysis of 207 patients with panic disorder (PD), we investigated the relationships between several panic symptoms at the time of panic attacks, which included anticipatory anxiety, agoraphobia, and 13 clinical symptoms based on the Diagnostic and Statistics Manual-III-Revised. Cluster analysis revealed three panic symptom clusters: cluster A (dyspnea, choking, sweating, nausea, flushes/chills); cluster B (dizziness, palpitations, trembling or shaking, depersonalization, agoraphobia, and anticipatory anxiety); and cluster C (fear of dying, fear of going crazy, paresthesias, and chest pain or discomfort). Generally, cluster A was comprised exclusively of physiological symptoms, among which respiratory symptoms were prominent, cluster B included both panic and non-panic symptoms such as agoraphobia and anticipatory anxiety, and cluster C was comprised chiefly of fear symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A pilot evaluation of the EMBU Scale in Japan and the USA.

Cultural differences in parental attitudes and child-rearing practices among European countries have been demonstrated in previous studies using a scale for assessment of memories of upbringing (the EMBU). In this pilot study we evaluated the EMBU in two previously unstudied populations: a culturally homogeneous sample from Japan (n = 105) and a culturally mixed sample from Southern California (n = 73). The results suggest that, compared to European parents, Japanese parents are more emotionally distant from their children, while the Southern Californians as a group scored similarly to the Europeans. Further studies are needed in order to establish the EMBU as a transcultural tool for assessment of parental rearing behaviour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Effect of pharmacotherapy on serum cholesterol levels in patients with panic disorder.

It is unclear whether elevated cholesterol level is a complication of panic disorder (PD) or is associated with pharmacotherapy. We compared the total cholesterol (TC) level in 47 PD patients with that in 47 gender- and age-matched normal controls (NC), and we also examined the pre- and post-treatment TC levels. There was no sex difference in TC. Before pharmacotherapy, the mean TC level in the PD group (194.9 +/- 39.6 mg/dl) was non-significantly higher than that in the NC group (190.5 +/- 26.7 mg/dl). The mean TC level in the PD group was significantly reduced following the pharmacotherapy (post-TC: 184.7 +/- 31.0 mg/dl; t = 2.44, P < 0.02), and the subgroup treated with alprazolam (n = 26) showed markedly significant decrease of TC after the treatment (t = 2.36, P < 0.03). The TC level in the PD subgroup with agoraphobia (n = 24, 198.9 +/- 37.9 mg/dl) was slightly higher than that in the group without agoraphobia (n = 23, 190.8 +/- 41.6 mg/dl). These findings suggest that there is a relationship between cholesterol levels and treatment in PD.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

PET and MRI of the thalamus in never-medicated patients with schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: This study reports the first paired measurements of glucose metabolism and size of thalamic regions in never-medicated schizophrenic patients using coregistered magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) templates. METHOD: Positron emission tomography with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose and matching MRI scans were obtained in 20 never-medicated patients with schizophrenia and 15 normal volunteers. Methods for thalamic edge finding, statistical testing of shape differences with chi-square maps, and MRI localization of major thalamic subregions were developed. RESULTS: Patients with schizophrenia showed a diminished metabolic rate in the right thalamus, with a loss of the normal pattern of right greater than left asymmetry. Division into anterior/posterior segments revealed that the left anterior and right posterior showed the decrease. Differences were greater for metabolism in the weighted thalamic area (ratexarea) than for rate per unit area, a finding consistent with reported greater decreases in total neuron number than of neuron density in the thalami of schizophrenic patients. The area of the thalamus was smaller in the patients than in the volunteers, and this difference was greatest in the left anterior region. CONCLUSIONS: The reduced thalamic activity observed in this study lends further support to the concept of deficits in sensory filtering in schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

No increases in chromosome aberrations in human diploid fibroblasts following exposure to low concentrations of sodium fluoride for long times.

To study whether exposure to fluoride at low concentrations for long times induces chromosome aberrations in human cells, human diploid fibroblasts in the quiescent phase were treated with sodium fluoride (NaF) at 1-10 micrograms/ml (equivalent to fluoride ion at 0.45-4.5 ppm) for 1-3 weeks. Quiescent cells were obtained by a 10-day culture in medium containing 1% serum following overnight incubation of cells in the logarithmic phase. Significant levels of cytotoxicity, as determined by a decrease in the number of cells, were not induced by treatment of the cells with NaF at 5 or 10 micrograms/ml for 1-3 weeks. No increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations was elicited in cultures treated for 1-3 weeks with NaF over the range of doses examined. In contrast, a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations was observed in cultures treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, used as a positive control. The results indicate that fluoride might be not clastogenic to human fibroblasts when exposed at low levels, equivalent to those in the communal water supplies.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1995

Metabolism of clomipramine in a Japanese psychiatric population: hydroxylation, desmethylation, and glucuronidation.

We measured the concentrations of clomipramine and its metabolites, N-desmethylclomipramine, 8-hydroxy-N-desmethylclomipramine, 8-hydroxyclomipramine by high-performance liquid chromatography in 108 Japanese psychiatric patients receiving clomipramine hydrochloride PO. The concentrations of the glucuronide conjugates of 8-hydroxyclomipramine and 8-hydroxy-N-desmethylclomipramine were assayed via enzymatic hydrolysis. Although there were large interindividual variations of concentrations of parent, intermediate metabolic compounds, and glucuronide conjugates, significant positive correlations were observed between these drug concentrations and daily doses of clomipramine hydrochloride (mg/kg body weight). Although the metabolic ratios for desmethylation, hydroxylation, and glucuronidation that were calculated from steady-state drug concentrations varied substantially with 36-, 14-, and 28-fold interindividual variations, respectively, apparent poor desmethylators, poor hydroxylators, or poor glucuronidators were not found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Interindividual variations of desmethylation and hydroxylation of amitriptyline in a Japanese psychiatric population.

We measured the concentrations in plasma of amitriptyline and its metabolites, nortriptyline and geometric isomers of 10-hydroxynortriptyline and 10-hydroxyamitriptyline, in 73 Japanese psychiatric patients receiving amitriptyline hydrochloride (Tryptanol; Banyu Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) by high-performance liquid chromatography. Although there were large interindividual variations of total drug concentrations and concentrations of parent or intermediate metabolic compounds in plasma, significant positive correlations were observed between these drug concentrations and daily doses of amitriptyline hydrochloride (milligrams per kilogram of body weight). The metabolic ratios for both hydroxylation and desmethylation varied substantially with approximately 8- to 19-fold interindividual variations. Frequency distribution histograms and probit analyses of these parameters identified neither definite poor hydroxylators nor poor desmethylators of amitriptyline.

Adult↗