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T Shinozaki

Publications and source records attributed to T Shinozaki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

FDG PET of primary benign and malignant bone tumors: standardized uptake value in 52 lesions.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the standardized uptake value (SUV) of 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) at positron emission tomography (PET) in the differentiation of benign from malignant bone lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two (19 malignant, 33 benign) primary bone lesions were examined with FDG PET prior to tissue diagnosis. The SUVs were calculated and compared between benign and malignant lesions and among histologic subgroups that included more than four cases. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in SUV between benign (2.18 +/- 1.52 [SD]) and malignant (4.34 +/- 3.19) lesions in total (P =.002). However, giant cell tumors (n = 5; SUV, 4.64 +/- 1.05) showed significantly higher SUV than chondrosarcomas (n = 7; SUV, 2.23 +/- 0.74) (P =.036, adjusted for multiple comparisons) and had no statistically significant difference in SUV compared with osteosarcomas (n = 6; SUV, 3.07 +/- 0.96) (P =.171). There was no statistically significant difference in SUV between fibrous dysplasias (n = 6; SUV, 2.05 +/- 0.98) and osteosarcoma (P =.127) or chondrosarcomas (P =.667). Although the number of cases was small, three chondroblastomas, one sarcoidosis, and one Langerhans cell histiocytosis showed levels of FDG accumulation as high as that of osteosarcomas. CONCLUSION: Radiologists should be aware of the high accumulation of FDG in some benign bone lesions, especially histiocytic or giant cell-containing lesions. Consideration of histologic subtypes should be included in analysis of SUV at FDG PET of primary bone tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Expression of bone formation-related molecules in a newly established protein-independent osteosarcoma.

Protein-independent cells are useful for analysis of proteins that are produced by the cells themselves without any consideration of exogenous proteins. This experimental protein-independent tumor system provides new biology of the autonomous nature of neoplastic cells during their evolution. We established a Dunn protein-free osteosarcoma (DPF) cell line, which was derived from parental fetal calf serum (FCS)-dependent murine Dunn osteosarcoma (DOS) cells. The DPF cells grew in a chemically defined protein-free medium at the high seeding density of 1x10(4) cells/well of a 96-well-plate with a similar doubling time to that of cells growing in the presence of FCS, while the cells did not grow at a density lower than 1x10(3)/well. Furthermore, addition of conditioned medium stimulated the growth in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, DOS did not grow in the protein-free condition at all. Morphological examination revealed that DPF cells exhibited a more round shape than DOS cells. RT-PCR analysis exhibited the augmentation of the RNA message of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and osteocalcin in DPF cells. Enhanced expression of BMP-4 protein was also demonstrated by immunoblot analysis. Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was higher in DPF cells, indicating that bone-formation related molecules may be overexpressed in protein-independent osteosarcoma cells. These results suggest that putative growth factors may play a role in the DPF cell growth in an autocrine fashion, and the acquisition of autonomous growth independent of exogenous proteins may be coupled to the osteogenic differentiation.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed2000

FDG PET in the clinical evaluation of sarcoidosis with bone lesions.

We report a case of sarcoidosis with osseous involvement. Whole-body fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET scanning demonstrated multiple sites of FDG uptake in the hilar lymph nodes, right ulna, bilateral feet, and subcutaneous tissue of the extremities. FDG PET scanning provides useful information for the detection of sarcoidosis with systemic distribution, even when osseous lesions are included.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Small-cell carcinoma of the gallbladder: report of a case.

We report herein the case of an 81-year-old woman in whom a mass in the gallbladder was revealed by an ultrasound examination conducted as part of a follow-up study for a silent gallstone. The mass showed evidence of invasion into the adjacent liver parenchyma. Under the tentative diagnosis of malignant neoplastic disease originating in the gallbladder, a cholecystectomy with partial hepatectomy was performed. Histological examination of the tumor confirmed a diagnosis of small-cell carcinoma of the gallbladder, which is considered to be a rare type of neoplasm.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

PET imaging of musculoskeletal tumours with fluorine-18 alpha-methyltyrosine: comparison with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET.

Fluorine-18 labelled alpha-methyltyrosine (FMT) was developed for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and its potential for clinical application in patients with brain tumours has been demonstrated. This is the first trial to compare FMT with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) for the evaluation of musculoskeletal tumours. Seventy-five patients were examined with both FMT- and FDG-PET within a 2-week period. Imaging findings were visually inspected in conjunction with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging, and standardized uptake values (SUVs) for both FMT and FDG in lesions were also generated and compared with histological findings. A significant correlation between FMT and FDG SUVs was found for all lesions (r=0.769, P<0.0001), and mean values for malignant tumours were significantly higher than those for benign lesions in both FMT- and FDG-PET. The diagnostic sensitivities and specificities for malignancy were 72.7% and 84.9%, respectively, using FMT with a cut-off SUV of 1.2, and 72.7% and 66.0%, respectively, using FDG with a cut-off SUV of 1.9. The resultant accuracy with FMT was 81.3%, higher than that for FDG (68.0%), and the difference with respect to specificity was significant (chi2cal=5.0625, P<0.05). On the other hand, while a significant correlation was found between malignant tumour grade and SUV with both FMT- (rho=0.656) and FDG-PET (rho=0.815), only the latter demonstrated significant differences among grades I, II and III. FMT and FDG for PET appear equally effective at detecting musculoskeletal tumours. In evaluating musculoskeletal tumours, FMT may be superior to FDG in the differentiation between benign and malignant tumours, while FDG may be the better choice for non-invasive malignancy grading.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotypes in siblings with osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma was detected in two siblings. Their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotypes were completely identical, although they were different from those of osteosarcoma patients in previous reports. Despite an extensive search of family and past history, no significant background related to the induction of cancer could be found. These cases suggest that genetic similarity may influence the development of osteosarcoma. Ascertainment of the HLA phenotypes in siblings with osteosarcoma might be a useful strategy to facilitate the early diagnosis of this tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis.

The development of sensitive new molecular genetic techniques has led to the detection of rotavirus in cerebrospinal fluid, stools and throat swabs from patients with gastroenteritis with accompanying clinical symptoms similar to infantile benign convulsions. Small round structured virus (SRSV) has also been found in stools of patients with similar clinical symptoms by a new procedure. However, the mechanism by which these viral infections induce benign convulsions remains to be elucidated. The present paper reviews recent virological and clinical studies of seizures probably caused by gastroenteritis viruses including rotavirus, SRSV and other viruses.

Caliciviridae Infections↗
PubMed2000

Interaction between L-type Ca2+ channels and sarcoplasmic reticulum in the regulation of vascular tone in isolated rat small arteries.

A dysfunction of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) causes an increase in the myogenic tone of rat skeletal muscle small arteries (A(SK)), but not that of mesenteric small arteries (A(MS)). We hypothesized that the difference depends on the activity of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in these vessels. To test this, we measured the membrane potential of these vessels and examined ryanodine-induced constrictions by manipulating the activity of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. The isolated vessels were cannulated to control the transmural pressure. To assess the vascular tone, the inner diameter was measured with a video-digitizing system. The membrane potential of A(SK) was more depolarized between 20 to 100 mm Hg of transmural pressure. A(MS) was not constricted by the Ca2+ channel agonist Bay K 8644 (1 nM(-1) microM) alone, but substantially constricted in the presence of ryanodine (1 microM). Ryanodine also augmented the KCl (20 mM)-induced constriction. In A(SK), the Ca2+ channel blocker nisoldipine fully dilated the ryanodine-induced constriction: however, the ryanodine-induced constriction was less susceptible to nisoldipine than was the myogenic and phenylephrine-induced constriction caused mainly by increased Ca2+ influx. In conclusion, the contribution of the SR function to Ca2+ metabolism depends on the activity of dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ channels. The dysfunction of SR by ryanodine may impair the Ca2+ extrusion rather than increase Ca2+ influx in rat small arteries.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed2000

Glucose metabolic analysis of musculoskeletal tumours using 18fluorine-FDG PET as an aid to preoperative planning.

We performed positron emission tomography (PET) with 18 fluorine-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) on 55 patients with tumours involving the musculoskeletal system in order to evaluate its role in operative planning. The standardised uptake value (SUV) of FDG was calculated and, to distinguish malignancies from benign lesions, the cases were divided into high (> or =1.9) and low (< 1.9) SUV groups. The sensitivity of PET for correctly diagnosing malignancy was 100% with a specificity of 76.9% and an overall accuracy of 83.0%. The mean SUV for metastatic lesions was twice that for primary sarcomas (p < 0.0015). Our results suggest that the SUV may be useful in differentiating malignant tumours from benign lesions. However, some of the latter, such as schwannomas, had high SUVs so that biopsy or wide resection was selected as the first operation. Thus, some other quantitative analysis may be required for preoperative planning in cases of high-SUV neurogenic benign tumours. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that the RNA message of a key enzyme in glucose metabolism, phosphohexose isomerase (PHI)/autocrine motility factor, was augmented in only high FDG-uptake lesions, suggesting that a high expression of the PHI message may be associated with accumulation of FDG in musculoskeletal tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Effect of varying the case mix on the standardized mortality ratio and W statistic: A simulation study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of using the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and the W statistic as risk-adjusted measures of hospital mortality to judge ICU performance. DESIGN: APACHE (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation) II data were collected prospectively from the surgical ICU (SICU) at a single institution using all adult admissions (n = 6806) over an 8-year period (excluding cardiac surgical patients, burn patients, and patients under 16 years of age). Using a computer simulation technique, virtual ICUs (VICUs) with mortality rates between 5% and 16% were constructed. After first dividing the original data set into deciles of risk, each VICU was constructed by randomly resampling between 10 and 680 patients from each decile. The SMR, W statistic, and Z statistic were calculated for 10,000 different case mixes. SETTING: The SICU at a 450-bed teaching hospital. PATIENTS: A group of 6,806 adult patient admissions, excluding cardiac surgical patients and burn patients. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: VICUs were created from a data set of actual patients treated at one institution in order to test the hypothesis that the SMR and W statistic would remain invariant when applied to subsets of patients from a single institution. Instead, the SMR and W statistic were found to be very sensitive to changes in case mix. The SMR and W statistic were linear functions of the simulated ICU mortality rate. CONCLUSION: This simulation demonstrates that the SMR and the W statistic based on APACHE II cannot be used to compare outcomes of ICUs. We have proposed a revision of the SMR that eliminates the effect of case mix and allows for more accurate comparisons of ICU performance.

APACHE↗
PubMed2000

Random number generation deficit in schizophrenia characterized by oral vs written response modes.

To characterize the deficit in random number generation in schizophrenia with respect to control of sensory information processing, the present study employed a random number generation task using 10 digits (0 to 9) and compared two response modes (oral and written) with different amounts of sensory availability about the previous choices of the subject. Analysis indicated that the increased availability of previous information in the written response mode may exacerbate an aspect of the deficit in random number generation in schizophrenia reflecting the disturbance in control of sensory information processing. The comparison of performance in written and oral response modes may be useful in assessing schizophrenic psychopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Blood lead levels in copper smelter workers in Japan.

Lead exposure of workers in a Japanese copper smelter was assessed by determining lead levels in blood, air and flue cinder at the copper smelting processes. All the samples were analyzed for lead by atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean lead levels of air were highest at the anode department followed by the converter, smelter and blend departments. The mean level of blood lead of the workers in the anode department was also the highest among the four smelting departments. The mean blood lead levels of the workers in each department were positively correlated with their air lead levels (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). This study indicates therefore that workers in copper smelters have been exposed to lead in their workplace. Though this finding has already been reported in preceding studies, the Ordinance on Prevention of Lead Poisoning in Japan has not included copper smelter into its target job categories if their lead concentration in the raw material is less than 3%. The limitation of the present Ordinance which defines the targets by the types of job and not by the actual exposure, is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with extensive sarcomatous change: report of a case.

A 77-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with severe upper abdominal pain. Ultrasonography showed a well-defined hypoechoic mass with heterogeneity in the left lobe of the liver, and computed tomography demonstrated a low-density mass with enhanced peripheral areas. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass with iso- to low signal intensity on T1-weighted images (WI) and heterogeneous high and low signal intensity on T2 WI. The tumor was found to be hypovascular by angiography. During 5 months of observation, the tumor increased in size, which strongly suggested malignancy. A laparotomy was performed under the provisional diagnosis of a neoplasm other than hepatocellular carcinoma, revealing that the hepatic mass had invaded the gastric wall. Therefore, a left hepatic lobectomy with dissection of the lymph nodes and hemigastrectomy was carried out. Histologically, the tumor was found to be composed of a large amount of sarcomatous elements and a small amount of adenocarcinomatous elements, both of which were partly intermingled. Immunohistochemically, the sarcomatous element demonstrated the features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). Thus, a diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with MFH-like sarcomatous change was confirmed.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Cardiovascular dysfunction due to shift work.

Electrocardiographic, biochemical, and physical data obtained from 237 shift and 115 day workers without any obvious disorders were assessed to clarify the impact of shift work on cardiovascular functions. The heart-rate corrected QT interval (QTc) was significantly longer in the shift workers than in the day workers. However, blood pressure, working duration, and biochemical and other data were comparable between the two work groups. When multiple regression analysis was used, shift/day work was significantly related to the QTc in all of the workers. The adjusted odds ratio of shift work to the prolonged QTc (> or = 440 ms1/2) was 8.15. The prolonged QTc has been thought to contribute to an increased risk of cardiac death. These findings, therefore, suggest that the increased risk for cardiovascular mortality in shift workers may be attributable to prolongation of the QTc.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Trial of oral administration of Bifidobacterium breve for the prevention of rotavirus infections].

It was investigated that Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064 (B. breve YIT4064), Which had augmented IgA production and prevented rotavirus-induced diarrhea in mice, prevented rotavirus infection in infants. The effect of B. breve YIT4064 was evaluated in ten infants from an infants home who received 50 mg of the bacterium every day for 28 days (the B. breve group). Nine infants did not receive this (the control group). Though rotavirus shedding in the control group was detected from 2 (a total of 5 stool samples) of 9 infants (a total of 112 stool samples), it was not detected in any infants (a total of 133 stool samples) in the B. breve group during the administration period. From day 8 to day 14 of the test, rotavirus shedding was detected from 4 of 32 stool samples in the control group, but was not detected at all from 38 stool samples in the B. breve group. The frequency of rotavirus shedding in the B. breve group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Further, the frequency in appearances of anti-IgA in stool samples in the B. breve group showed a tendency to increase in comparison with the control group from day 8 to 14 of the test. The oral administration of B. breve YIT4064 significantly decreased rotavirus shedding in stool samples and prevented rotavirus infection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

[Antibody prevalence against astrovirus according to age groups].

A study on the prevalence of antibodies against human astrovirus serotype 1 (HAstV-1) and 2 (HAstV-2) was carried out in 170 serum samples obtained from different age groups in Tokyo and Saitama, Japan. Prevalence of specific IgG antibodies to both HAstVs showed decreasing tendency after birth and reached a minimum at the 3-5 months age group. Then, prevalence of antibodies to both serotypes increased after 6 months old, and nearly reach to 100% by the third year of life. The antibody titer to both HAstVs in sera revealed same pattern of antibody prevalence. The sera collected during epidemic season between January and June, had more higher titer of antibody to HAstVs than sera of non-epidemic season between July and December. Our results indicate that the infection of astrovirus in community may be more frequently than previous reports, and infection mainly occur in the 6-11 months age group.

Adult↗