Biomedical subjects

T Shinagawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Shinagawa.

116 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of thyroid iodine by CT.

For evaluation of thyroidal iodine kinetics and thyroid nodules, we carried out quantitative in vivo measurement of thyroid iodine concentration by CT. Neuron activation analysis of iodine content was conducted on 48 thyroid fragments without calcification operatively obtained from 18 patients who had undergone CT of the thyroid without contrast enhancement. The CT attenuation values were obtained from the regions of interest in the CT image that corresponded to the analyzed fragment. When iodine concentration in the thyroid tissue was greater than 0.02 mg/g, the CT values correlated linearly with the iodine concentrations in thyroid nodules, thyroids with diffuse thyroid disease, and normal thyroids. The relationship is represented by the following formula: iodine concentration (mg/g) = (CT value-65)/104. The relationship between iodine concentration and CT value in diffuse thyroid disease, thyroid nodules, and normal thyroids was not significantly different.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of CT values, iodine concentration, and histological changes in the thyroid.

PURPOSE: We have reported that in the thyroid, there is a linear correlation between iodine concentrations and CT values. However, the slope of the regression line was about three times as large as that in KI solutions. We investigated the factor(s) contributing to the increment of the slope of the regression line in the thyroid. METHOD: Solutions of NH4I and thyroid hormones were used to investigate the regression line. Thirty-six thyroids were evaluated to investigate the correlation between the iodine concentrations and the area ratio of thyroid follicles, which were measured by preoperative CT and from tissue slices, respectively. RESULTS: The slopes of the regression lines in the solutions were almost identical to those in KI solutions. In the thyroid, iodine concentrations were logarithmically correlated with the area ratio of follicles. CONCLUSION: The decrease in CT values not only revealed a decrease of iodine concentration in the thyroid but also represented an increase of follicular cells and/or interstitial structures in the volume ratio secondary to it.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma by computed tomography: correlation of CT findings and histopathology.

The diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) scans in small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (less than 5 cm) was studied in 82 patients. Dynamic scan was also made in 66 of them. Combined unenhanced and enhanced scans detected 87% of the lesions greater than 2 cm, but the detection rate was only 25% for lesions less than 1.5 cm. Diagnostic failure was due to isodensity of the mass and to technical artefacts. Diagnosis of the surrounding capsule and internal septa (partition) and demonstration of the typical pattern of density enhancement by dynamic scan proved useful in differentiating HCC from secondary cancers. On unenhanced CT, the density of the interior was subject to the histological changes of tumour such as bleeding, necrosis and fatty metamorphosis. Similarly, enhanced CT showed density changes suggestive of these histological changes. Dynamic scan proved particularly useful for lesions less than 3 cm because the typical density enhancement was frequently demonstrated in the arterial phase. It was concluded that unenhanced CT combined with dynamic scan has a high diagnostic value in small HCC and reflects histological changes.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Papillary urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder demonstrating prominent signet-ring cells in a smear. A case report.

BACKGROUND: The appearance of numerous signetring cells (SRCs) without any other type of adenocarcinoma cells originating in papillary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in a urine smear is rare. CASE: The cytology from mucus-urine that was initially obtained by washing from a 69-year-old female revealed three different types of cells: (1) numerous single SRC carcinoma-type cells, (2) low grade TCC-type cells arranged in sheets, and (3) intermediate (transitional)-type cells with both aspects of TCC and adenocarcinoma (SRC carcinoma) and mucus in the background. The latter two cell populations were retrospectively confirmed after histologic diagnosis of a primary papillary TCC with glandular differentiation. CONCLUSION: One should keep in mind that even a low grade papillary TCC with glandular differentiation of the bladder can exhibit excessive SRC-type cells in urine.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Bile cytology from percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-drainage (PTCD) is a useful procedure in case of obstructive jaundice. CASE: Repeated cytology via PTCD from a cystically dilated duct in a 56-year-old female with a long clinical history permitted a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The smears showed excessive benign-appearing squamous cells with or without a nucleus and a few keratinized- and nonkeratinized-type SCC cells. No adenocarcinoma-derived cells were identified. No focus of SCC was detected clinically. The resected hepatic specimen disclosed a keratinized-type SCC simultaneous with benign metaplastic squamous epithelium. CONCLUSION: This case of cytology of primary SCC of the liver seems to be the first reported. Even when showing a great number of benign-appearing squamous cells, the possibility of malignancy should not be ruled out. Repeating the cytology from PTCD is effective for a diagnosis.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Aspiration biopsy cytology of secretory carcinoma of the breast. A case report.

Secretory carcinoma diagnosed by aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) disclosed many characteristic figures that were similar to a bunch of grapes, secondary mucous globular structures (MGSs) and clustered MGSs. The MGS was a unit structure of secretory carcinoma composed of a centrally located, small amount of mucus and two or more tumor cells covering it. Other findings were vacuolated cells and mucus in a clear background. The presence of the above findings, especially the "bunch of grapes" and related forms, were though to be essential findings in the cytologic differential diagnosis of secretory carcinoma by the ABC method. The origin of the characteristic features is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Secretory carcinoma of the breast. Correlation of aspiration cytology and histology.

We analyzed the fine needle aspiration findings in five cases of secretory carcinoma of the breast in adults to clarify their cytomorphologic features and correlate them with their histology. The cytologic smears revealed grapelike clusters of mucous globular structures (MGSs); single MGSs; clusters and sheets of cells with pale green and slightly granular cytoplasm with or without intracytoplasmic vacuolization; some ordinary duct carcinoma-like arrangements; scattered, single, vacuolated cells; some extracellular mucus; and a clean background. The MGSs were globular structures consisting of distinctive vacuolated cells containing large globules of a secretory product. The cytologic findings showed a similar wide variation in the range of histologic appearances; however, the grapelike clusters of MGSs, which corresponded to a microcystic or microfollicular pattern histologically, were present in most cases and should suggest a diagnosis of secretory carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of lipid-secreting carcinoma of the breast. A case report.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of lipid-secreting carcinoma of the breast was performed on a 43-year-old woman who was admitted with a left breast tumor. Smears of the aspirate showed atypical cells that contained numerous large and small vacuoles in the cytoplasm and were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the breast. A modified radical mastectomy was performed under the diagnosis of breast carcinoma. A solid, yellowish, milky white, well-demarcated tumor was found in the resected specimen. Microscopically, hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed foamy and granular vacuoles in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells similar to those seen on the smears, which were positive for lipid staining. Electron microscopic examination also showed numerous intracytoplasmic lipid droplets in the tumor cells. This tumor was finally diagnosed as lipid-secreting carcinoma of the breast on the basis of histologic and electron microscopic features. Lipid-secreting carcinoma of the breast is rare, and only one recurrent case diagnosed by cytology in pleural and pericardial fluids has been described. Since the tumor cells originating in lipid-secreting carcinoma of the breast differ from ordinary breast carcinoma cells, FNA cytology is useful in diagnosing this neoplasm.

Adult↗